The Wind of Change! Phraseology Perspective Gaining More Ground

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 1 - 15, 11.07.2016

Ali Şükrü Özbay

Öz

This study aims at highlighting the existence and the significance of an “unknown” or “only partially comprehended” feature of English language for the majority of the EFL learners in Turkey. This feature is named “the phraseological or collocational nature” of English language and it is an old consensus by now that EFL learners experience difficulties and huge challenges while exploiting the collocational patterns in their academic and expository texts as well as spoken ones (Lewis, 2000; Evans and Green, 2006). The contention is that writing in EFL setting requires a good level of language proficiency and failure to master a certain amount of lexical proficiency causes problems writing (Hinkel, 2004; Reynolds, 2005). In this paper, the several concepts related to the writing skill in terms of using appropriate words and lexical competency are briefly examined with a specific focus to their relevant features with the subject. At this initial stage, however, the researcher would like to make several reflections from his own teaching in EFL classrooms for more than 14 years as well as explain the reasons behind the interest towards the subject and the observations made towards the nature of English.

Kaynakça

• Barnbrook, G. (2007). Sinclair on collocation. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 12(2), 183-199
• Erman, B., and Warren, B. (2000). The idiom principle and the open choice principle. Text, an interdisciplinary journal for the study of discourse, 20(1), 29–62
• Firth, J. (1957).A synopsis of linguistic theory 1930-55. Studies in Linguistic Analysis (Special Vol.), Philological Society. Reprinted in F. Palmer (Ed.), (1968).Selected papers of J. R. Firth 1952-59 (pp. 168-206). Bloomington & London: Indiana University Press.
• Garretson, G. (2010). Corpus-Derived Profiles: A framework for studying word meaning in text. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
• Jones, L.L. & Estes, Z. (2012). Lexical priming: Associative, semantic, and thematic influences on word recognition. In J.S. Adelman (Ed.), Visual Word Recognition, Vol. 2.
• Kilgarriff, A. (2005). Language is never, ever, ever random. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistics Theory, 1(2), 263-275.
• Lauder, A. (2009). Collocation, Semantic Preference and Translation – Semantic Preference as a Reference Source for Translation. Universitas Indonesia.Kézirat.Elérhető http://english.um.edu.my/anuvaada/PAPERS/LAUDER.pdf
• Lewis, M. (1993). The lexical approach: The state of ELT and a way forward. Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications.
• Lewis, M. (Ed.). (2000). Teaching collocation: Further development in the lexical approach. Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications
• Lewis, M. (1997). Implementing the Lexical Approach: Putting Theory into Practice.Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications.
• Louw, Bill.(1993) Irony in the Text or Insincerity in the Writer?The Diagnostic Potential of Semantic Prosodies. In Baker, M., Francis, G. &Tognini-Bonelli, E. (eds) "Text and Technology". Philadelphia/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
• McCarthy, M.andO'Dell, F. (2005). English Collocations in Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Nation, I. S. P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
• Nesselhauf, N. (2004), Collocations in a Learner Corpus, Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Partington, A. (1998). Patterns and Meanings – Using Corpora for English Language Research and Teaching. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
• Oster, U. (2010). Using corpus methodology for semantic and pragmatic analyzes: What can corpora tell us about the linguistic expression of emotions? Cognitive Linguistics, 21, 727-
• Hinkel, Eli (2004), Teaching Academic ESL Writing: Practical Techniques in Vocabulary and Grammar, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
• Hunston, S., & Francis, G. (2000).Pattern Grammar. A corpus-driven approach to the lexical grammar of English. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
• Hunston, S. (2002).Pattern grammar, language teaching, and linguistic variation. In R. Reppen, S.
• Fitzmaurice & D. Biber (Eds.), Using corpora to explore linguisticvariation (pp. 167-86). Amsterdam: John Benjamins
• Reynolds, Dudley W. (2005), “Linguistic correlates of second language literacy development: evidence from middle-grade learner essays”, Journal of Second Language Writing, 14, (19-45).
• Richards, J. C. & Rogers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
• Sinclair, J. (1991) Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford University Press, Oxford
• Sinclair, J. McH (2004) Trust the Text: Language Corpus and Discourse. London: Routledge Sinclair, J. (1996). The search for units of meaning.Textus, 9, 75-106.
• Sinclair, J. (1999). A Way with Common Words. In S. Oksefjell, & H. Hasselgård, Out of Corpora: Studies in honour of Stig Johansson (pp. 119—141). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
• Stubbs, M. (2001).Words and Phrases: Corpus Studies of Lexical Semantics. Oxford, UK and Malden, Mass., USA: Blackwell Publishers. Stubbs, M. (1996). Text and Corpus Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell.
• Özbay, A.Ş. (2014),Corpus analysis of the support verb construction development and use by EFL learners. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon