Öz
People started to use different payment tools with development of trading activities. Todays, electronic payment systems are widely used. Widespread of electronic payment systems creates both advantages and disadvantages. Electronically payments cause efficiency because of cost minimization and speed improvement. On the other hand, electronic money and electronic money units like bitcoin have initiated a debate related with a sovereignty rights of states and roles of central bank . All these developments have improve an importance of electronic money and electronic money units over financial markets and stability.
Anahtar Kelimeler
electronic payment systems electronic Money financial stability bitcoin
Kaynakça
- Alawode, A.A. and Al Sadek, M (2008). What is Financial Stability?, Central Bank of Bahrain, Financial Stability Paper Series, No.1 March
- Borio, C, Furfine, C & Lowe, P (2001). Procyclicality of the financial system and financial stability: issues and policy options [online], BIS papers, 1, 1-57, http://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap01a.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Bradford, T (2007). Stored-Value Cards: A Card for Every Reason... [online], Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Payments System Research Briefing, June, https://www.kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/PSR/Briefings/PSR-BriefingJune07.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Chant, J (2003). Financial Stability as a Policy Goal, in Essays on Financial Stability, Technical Report No. 95, Bank of Canada, September, pp. 1-28
- ECB (2009). Financial Stability Review [online], http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/financialstabilityreview200912en.pdf, September, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Ely, B (1997). Electronic money and monetary policy: Separating fact from fiction [online]. JA Dorn ed, 101-15. http://ely-co.com/media/Default/Articles/cato-596.pdf [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Eichengreen, B and O’rourke, K.H. (2009). A tale of two depressions [online], http://www.advisorperspectives.com/newsletters09/pdfs/A_Tale_of_Two_Depressions.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Freedman, C (2000) Monetary Policy Implementation: Past, Present and Future--Will Electronic Money Lead to the Eventual Demise of Central Banking?, International Finance, 3 (2), 211-227.
- Friedman, B.M. (1999) The Future of Monetary Policy: The Central Bank as an Army with Only a Signal Corps?, International Finance, 2 (3), 321-338
- Gormez, Y and Budd, C.H. (2012). Electronic money free banking and some implications for central banking, Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası, Central Bank Review, 4(1), 67-105.
- Hamilton, J, and Wu, J. (2012). The Effectiveness of Alternative Monetary Policy Tools in a Zero Lower Bound Environment, Journal Of Money, Credit, and Banking, 44, 3-46
- Horngren, L. (1995). Monetary policy in theory and practice [online], Sveriges Riksbank, Quarterly Review, 1995: 3, 5-12,
- http://www.riksbank.se/Upload/Dokument_riksbank/Kat_publicerat/PoV_sve/eng/qr95_3.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- KansasCity FED (2003). The Many Uses of Stored-Value Cards’[online], Fall, https://kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/PSR/Newsletters/StoredValueArticle.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Kara, H.A. (2012) Küresel kriz sonrası para politikası [online], Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası, Çalışma Tebliği No.1217, Haziran, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- King, D. (2012). Chip-and-PIN: Success and Challenges in Reducing Fraud, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Retail Payments Risk Forum Working Paper
- Kulalı, İ (2014). Muhasebe Temelli Tahmin Modelleri Işığında, Finansal Sıkıntı ve İflasın Karşılaştırılması, Sosyoekonomi, Haziran –Aralık, 154 - 170.
- Mishkin, F (2000). Financial Stability and the Macroeconomy, Central Bank of Iceland Working Paper, No. 9, May
- Mishkin, F.S. (1999). Global Financial Instability: Framework, Events, Issues, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 4, 3.
- Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system [online], BitCoin, https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Rosengren, E.S. (2011). Defining financial stability, and some policy implications of applying the definition [online], In Keynote Remarks at the Stanford Finance Forum Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Şimşek, L. (2012). TCMB’nin Finansal İstikrarla İmtihanı, Tekirdağ S.M.M.M. Odası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1
- TCMB (2014). Türkiye’de Ödeme Sistemleri Kitapçığı [online], http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TCMB+TR/TCMB+TR/Main+Menu/Odeme+Sistemleri, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- TCMB (2006). Bülten [online], Aralık http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tcmb+tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/yayinlar/tcmb+bulten/tcmb+bulten, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- White, L.H. (2008). Is the Gold Standard Still the Gold Standard among Monetary Systems?, Cato Institute, viewed 13 November 2015.
- Woodford, M. (2000). Monetary Policy in a World without Money, International Finance, 3(2), 229-260
- Yermack, D. (2013). Is Bitcoin a real currency? An economic appraisal [online], National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER Working Paper No. 19747, http://www.nber.org/papers/w19747, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
Öz
Ticaretin gelişimi ile birlikte insanlar çeşitli ödeme araçları kullanmaya başlamıştır. Günümüzde elektronik ödeme yöntemleri, yaygın bir kullanıma sahiptir. Elektronik ödeme yöntemlerinin yaygınlaşması bir takım avantaj ve dezavantajları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Ödemelerin elektronik olarak yapılabilmesi; maliyetlerin düşmesi ve hız gibi nedenlerde etkinlik sağlamıştır. Öte yandan elektronik para ve bitcoin benzeri elektronik para birimleri, merkez bankalarının rolü ve devletlerin egemenlik hakları konusundaki tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Tüm bu gelişmeler elektronik para ve elektronik para birimlerinin finansal piyasalar ve istikrar üzerindeki önemini bir kat daha artırmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
elektronik ödeme sistemleri elektronik para finansal istikrar bitcoin
Kaynakça
- Alawode, A.A. and Al Sadek, M (2008). What is Financial Stability?, Central Bank of Bahrain, Financial Stability Paper Series, No.1 March
- Borio, C, Furfine, C & Lowe, P (2001). Procyclicality of the financial system and financial stability: issues and policy options [online], BIS papers, 1, 1-57, http://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap01a.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Bradford, T (2007). Stored-Value Cards: A Card for Every Reason... [online], Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Payments System Research Briefing, June, https://www.kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/PSR/Briefings/PSR-BriefingJune07.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Chant, J (2003). Financial Stability as a Policy Goal, in Essays on Financial Stability, Technical Report No. 95, Bank of Canada, September, pp. 1-28
- ECB (2009). Financial Stability Review [online], http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/financialstabilityreview200912en.pdf, September, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Ely, B (1997). Electronic money and monetary policy: Separating fact from fiction [online]. JA Dorn ed, 101-15. http://ely-co.com/media/Default/Articles/cato-596.pdf [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Eichengreen, B and O’rourke, K.H. (2009). A tale of two depressions [online], http://www.advisorperspectives.com/newsletters09/pdfs/A_Tale_of_Two_Depressions.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Freedman, C (2000) Monetary Policy Implementation: Past, Present and Future--Will Electronic Money Lead to the Eventual Demise of Central Banking?, International Finance, 3 (2), 211-227.
- Friedman, B.M. (1999) The Future of Monetary Policy: The Central Bank as an Army with Only a Signal Corps?, International Finance, 2 (3), 321-338
- Gormez, Y and Budd, C.H. (2012). Electronic money free banking and some implications for central banking, Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası, Central Bank Review, 4(1), 67-105.
- Hamilton, J, and Wu, J. (2012). The Effectiveness of Alternative Monetary Policy Tools in a Zero Lower Bound Environment, Journal Of Money, Credit, and Banking, 44, 3-46
- Horngren, L. (1995). Monetary policy in theory and practice [online], Sveriges Riksbank, Quarterly Review, 1995: 3, 5-12,
- http://www.riksbank.se/Upload/Dokument_riksbank/Kat_publicerat/PoV_sve/eng/qr95_3.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- KansasCity FED (2003). The Many Uses of Stored-Value Cards’[online], Fall, https://kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/PSR/Newsletters/StoredValueArticle.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Kara, H.A. (2012) Küresel kriz sonrası para politikası [online], Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası, Çalışma Tebliği No.1217, Haziran, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- King, D. (2012). Chip-and-PIN: Success and Challenges in Reducing Fraud, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Retail Payments Risk Forum Working Paper
- Kulalı, İ (2014). Muhasebe Temelli Tahmin Modelleri Işığında, Finansal Sıkıntı ve İflasın Karşılaştırılması, Sosyoekonomi, Haziran –Aralık, 154 - 170.
- Mishkin, F (2000). Financial Stability and the Macroeconomy, Central Bank of Iceland Working Paper, No. 9, May
- Mishkin, F.S. (1999). Global Financial Instability: Framework, Events, Issues, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 4, 3.
- Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system [online], BitCoin, https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- Rosengren, E.S. (2011). Defining financial stability, and some policy implications of applying the definition [online], In Keynote Remarks at the Stanford Finance Forum Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- Şimşek, L. (2012). TCMB’nin Finansal İstikrarla İmtihanı, Tekirdağ S.M.M.M. Odası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1
- TCMB (2014). Türkiye’de Ödeme Sistemleri Kitapçığı [online], http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/TCMB+TR/TCMB+TR/Main+Menu/Odeme+Sistemleri, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
- TCMB (2006). Bülten [online], Aralık http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/tcmb+tr/tcmb+tr/main+menu/yayinlar/tcmb+bulten/tcmb+bulten, [Erişim tarihi 14 Kasım 2015]
- White, L.H. (2008). Is the Gold Standard Still the Gold Standard among Monetary Systems?, Cato Institute, viewed 13 November 2015.
- Woodford, M. (2000). Monetary Policy in a World without Money, International Finance, 3(2), 229-260
- Yermack, D. (2013). Is Bitcoin a real currency? An economic appraisal [online], National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER Working Paper No. 19747, http://www.nber.org/papers/w19747, [Erişim tarihi 13 Kasım 2015]
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 7 Nisan 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 |
