THE IMPACT OF IMMIGRANT REMITTANCES ON DEVELOPMENT IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABILITY: A PANEL DATA APPLICATION

Öz

While there are many ways to achieve sustainable development, which has been frequently used in economics literature in recent years, various studies have been conducted that show that remittances also contribute to sustainable development. Individuals, whose mobility has increased with the development of technology and other opportunities transfer their earnings to their own countries. This is accepted as an important source of income in providing the monetary dimension of development. In this respect, remittances are seen as an important source of investment, especially for developing countries. In addition, transferring the income earned in developed countries to the immigrant's home country (source country) also gives a clue about the relationship between the immigrant and his country. Therefore, remittances are both a source of income for countries and an indicator of the strength of the bond established between the immigrant and the source country. In this study, econometric analysis was conducted to the panel data set of the developing countries (Bangladesh, China, Dominican, Indonesia, Morocco, Philippines, Guatemala, India, Colombia, Mexico, Nepal, Nigeria, and Pakistan) that received the most transfers and Turkey. In the study, human development index (HDI) was used as a dependent variable, remittances as an independent variable, and economic growth rate as an explanatory variable. According to the results of the panel data analysis applied to the data of the 2005-2021 period; A 1% increase in remittances provides a 0.07% increase in development. On the other hand, it has been determined that a one-unit increase in economic growth will create an increase of 0.02% on development

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Migration
• Remittances
• Sustainable Development
• Growth

THE IMPACT OF IMMIGRANT REMITTANCES ON DEVELOPMENT IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABILITY: A PANEL DATA APPLICATION

Öz

İktisat literatüründe son yıllarda sıklıkla kullanılan sürdürülebilir kalkınmaya ulaşmanın birçok yolu olmakla birlikte, göçmen para transferlerinin de sürdürülebilir kalkınmaya katkı sağladığına dair çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Teknolojinin ve diğer imkanların gelişmesiyle hareketliliği artan ve yabancı ülkelerde çalışan bireyler, kazançlarını kendi ülkelerine aktarmaktadır. Bu ise, kalkınmanın parasal boyutunun sağlanmasında önemli bir gelir kaynağı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu yönüyle, göçmen para transferleri özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önemli bir yatırım kaynağı olarak görülmektedir. Ayrıca gelişmiş ülkelerde kazanılan gelirin göçmenin anavatanına (kaynak ülke) transfer edilmesi de göçmenin ülkesiyle ilişkisi hakkında ipucu vermektedir. Dolayısıyla, transferler ülkeler için hem bir gelir kaynağı hem de göçmen ve kaynak ülkesi arasında kurulan bağın gücünün göstergesi durumundadır. Bu çalışmada, en fazla transfer alan gelişmekte olan ülkeler (Bangladeş, Çin, Dominik, Endonezya, Fas, Filipinler, Guatemala, Hindistan, Kolombiya, Meksika, Nepal, Nijerya ve Pakistan) ve Türkiye’ye ait panel veri setine ekonometrik analiz uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken olarak insani gelişmişlik endeksi (HDI), bağımsız değişken olarak göçmen para transferleri ve açıklayıcı değişken olarak ekonomik büyüme oranı kullanılmıştır. 2005-2021 dönemine ait verilere uygulanan panel veri analizi sonuçlarına göre; göçmen para transferlerinde görülen %1’lik bir artış kalkınma üzerinde %0,07 düzeyinde bir artış sağlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, ekonomik büyümede görülen bir birimlik artışın kalkınma üzerinde %0,02 düzeyinde bir artış yaratacağı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Göç
• Göçmen Para Havaleleri
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Büyüme

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