Araştırma Makalesi
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RIDLEY SCOTT’IN SON DÜELLO FİLMİNDE KARŞI-ARŞİV OLARAK SİNEMA: TARİHSEL SESSİZLİK VE ETİK BELLEK

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 1116 - 1129, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1748790
https://izlik.org/JA39GT72CN

Öz

Bu çalışma, Ridley Scott’ın Son Düello (2021), adlı filmi üzerinden sinemada tarihsel temsilin biçimsel ve etik boyutlarını, cinsiyetlendirilmiş tanıklığın yapısal sınırlarını ve görsel anlatının epistemolojik işlevlerini tartışmaktadır. Film, üç farklı anlatıcı bakış açısına dayalı yapısıyla tarihsel hakikatin sabit değil, iktidar ilişkileri çerçevesinde kurulan çoklu bir inşa süreci olduğunu ortaya koyar. Çalışmada tarih yazımı, feminist epistemoloji, arşiv kuramı ile tanıklık ve travma teorileri disiplinlerarası bir kuramsal bütünlük içinde ele alınmaktadır. Marguerite de Carrouges’in anlatısının sona yerleştirilmesi, kadın öznenin tarihsel söylem içindeki bastırılmış ve meşruiyeti sürekli ertelenen konumuna işaret ederken, tanıklığın aynı zamanda yüksek risk içeren bir performatif edim olarak işlediğini göstermektedir. Film, izleyiciyi edilgin bir konumdan çıkararak etik bir sorumluluk alanına yerleştirir; görsel temsilin tanıklık, hafıza ve adaletle kurduğu ilişkiyi sorgular. Sinema, bu bağlamda yalnızca tarihsel olayların anlatımı değil, anlatının kendisini dönüştüren ve yeniden yapılandıran bir bilgi üretim mecrası olarak ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma, tarihsel sinemanın hakikati temsil etme iddiasını sorunsallaştırmakta ve bu tür anlatıların nasıl epistemik şiddet ya da adalet üretebileceğini analiz etmektedir. Son Düello, bu anlamda, yalnızca geçmişi sahnelemeyen, aynı zamanda temsil edilemeyenin sınırlarında dolaşarak izleyiciyi tanıklığın sorumluluğuyla baş başa bırakan etik bir film deneyimi sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Agamben, G. (2000). Means without end: Notes on politics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Alcoff, L. M. (1991). The problem of speaking for others. Cultural Critique, 20, 5–32. https://doi.org/10.2307/1354221
  • Bordwell, D. (1985). Narration in the fiction film. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Branigan, E. (1992). Narrative comprehension and film. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of sex. New York: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1997). Excitable speech: A politics of the performative. New York: Routledge.
  • Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Cavarero, A. (2005). For more than one voice: Toward a philosophy of vocal expression. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Denzin, N. K. ve Lincoln, Y. S. (2018). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (5. bs.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Derrida, J. (1996). Archive fever: A Freudian impression (E. Prenowitz, Çev.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Elsaesser, T. (2001). Postmodernism as mourning work. T. Elsaesser (Ed.), Weimar cinema and after: Germany’s historical imaginary (ss. 311–335). London: Routledge.
  • Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. London: Longman.
  • Felman, S. ve Laub, D. (1992). Testimony: Crises of witnessing in literature, psychoanalysis, and history. New York: Routledge.
  • Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (A. Sheridan, Çev.). New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. London: Sage.
  • Hartman, S. (2008). Venus in two acts. Small Axe, 12(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-2008-000
  • Hirsch, M. (2008). The generation of postmemory. Poetics Today, 29(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2007-019
  • Hutcheon, L. (1988). A poetics of postmodernism: History, theory, fiction. New York: Routledge.
  • Jager, E. (2004). The last duel: A true story of trial by combat in medieval France. New York: Broadway Books.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Landy, M. (1991). Cinematic uses of the past. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Marks, L. U. (2000). The skin of the film: Intercultural cinema, embodiment, and the senses. Durham: Duke University Press.
  • Metz, C. (1974). Film language: A semiotics of the cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Mulvey, L. (1975). Visual pleasure and narrative cinema. Screen, 16(3), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
  • Scarry, E. (1985). The body in pain: The making and unmaking of the world. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Scott, J. W. (1988). Gender and the politics of history. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Scott, R. (Dierctor). (2021). The Last Duel [Film]. Los Angeles: 20th Century Studios.
  • Spivak, G. C. (1988). Can the subaltern speak?. C. Nelson ve L. Grossberg (Ed.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture (ss. 271–313). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • Trouillot, M.-R. (1995). Silencing the past: Power and the production of history. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1997). Discourse as structure and process. London: Sage.
  • White, H. (1973). Metahistory: The historical imagination in nineteenth-century Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

CINEMA AS COUNTER-ARCHIVE IN RIDLEY SCOTT’S THE LAST DUEL: HISTORICAL SILENCE AND ETHICAL MEMORY

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 1116 - 1129, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1748790
https://izlik.org/JA39GT72CN

Öz

This study discusses the formal and ethical dimensions of historical representation in cinema, the structural limits of gendered testimony, and the epistemological functions of visual narrative through Ridley Scott’s film The Last Duel (2021). The film, based on three different narrative perspectives, argues that historical truth is not fixed but a process constructed within power relations. The study approaches historiography, feminist epistemology, archival theory, and theories of testimony and trauma within an interdisciplinary theoretical framework. The positioning of Marguerite de Carrouges’ narrative at the end reveals the unstable and marginalized position of the female subject and highlights testimony as a performative act of risk. The film shifts the viewer from a passive position to a space of ethical responsibility; it interrogates the relationship between visual representation, testimony, memory, and justice. Cinema, in this sense, is addressed not merely as a medium of narration but as a transformative site of knowledge production. The study problematizes the historical film’s claim to truth and analyzes how such narratives may generate epistemic violence or ethical engagement. The Last Duel thus offers not only a depiction of the past but an ethical cinematic experience that engages with the limits of representation and the burden of witnessing.

Kaynakça

  • Agamben, G. (2000). Means without end: Notes on politics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Alcoff, L. M. (1991). The problem of speaking for others. Cultural Critique, 20, 5–32. https://doi.org/10.2307/1354221
  • Bordwell, D. (1985). Narration in the fiction film. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
  • Branigan, E. (1992). Narrative comprehension and film. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of sex. New York: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1997). Excitable speech: A politics of the performative. New York: Routledge.
  • Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Cavarero, A. (2005). For more than one voice: Toward a philosophy of vocal expression. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Denzin, N. K. ve Lincoln, Y. S. (2018). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (5. bs.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Derrida, J. (1996). Archive fever: A Freudian impression (E. Prenowitz, Çev.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Elsaesser, T. (2001). Postmodernism as mourning work. T. Elsaesser (Ed.), Weimar cinema and after: Germany’s historical imaginary (ss. 311–335). London: Routledge.
  • Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. London: Longman.
  • Felman, S. ve Laub, D. (1992). Testimony: Crises of witnessing in literature, psychoanalysis, and history. New York: Routledge.
  • Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (A. Sheridan, Çev.). New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. London: Sage.
  • Hartman, S. (2008). Venus in two acts. Small Axe, 12(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1215/07990537-2008-000
  • Hirsch, M. (2008). The generation of postmemory. Poetics Today, 29(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2007-019
  • Hutcheon, L. (1988). A poetics of postmodernism: History, theory, fiction. New York: Routledge.
  • Jager, E. (2004). The last duel: A true story of trial by combat in medieval France. New York: Broadway Books.
  • Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Landy, M. (1991). Cinematic uses of the past. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Marks, L. U. (2000). The skin of the film: Intercultural cinema, embodiment, and the senses. Durham: Duke University Press.
  • Metz, C. (1974). Film language: A semiotics of the cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Mulvey, L. (1975). Visual pleasure and narrative cinema. Screen, 16(3), 6–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
  • Scarry, E. (1985). The body in pain: The making and unmaking of the world. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Scott, J. W. (1988). Gender and the politics of history. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Scott, R. (Dierctor). (2021). The Last Duel [Film]. Los Angeles: 20th Century Studios.
  • Spivak, G. C. (1988). Can the subaltern speak?. C. Nelson ve L. Grossberg (Ed.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture (ss. 271–313). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • Trouillot, M.-R. (1995). Silencing the past: Power and the production of history. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1997). Discourse as structure and process. London: Sage.
  • White, H. (1973). Metahistory: The historical imagination in nineteenth-century Europe. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kültürel Teori
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Serap Sarıbaş 0000-0002-4079-8024

Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 3 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1748790
IZ https://izlik.org/JA39GT72CN
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Sarıbaş, S. (2025). CINEMA AS COUNTER-ARCHIVE IN RIDLEY SCOTT’S THE LAST DUEL: HISTORICAL SILENCE AND ETHICAL MEMORY. Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(2), 1116-1129. https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1748790

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