TÜRKİYE’DE ÇEVRE KALİTESİ: FİNANS-TARIM-ENERJİ ÜÇGENİNDEN İÇGÖRÜLER

Öz

Çevre ekonomisi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar ağırlıklı olarak çevresel bozulmaları odağına almaktadır. Literatürdeki çalışmalardan farklı olarak bu çalışma, çevresel kalitenin uzun ve kısa dönem belirleyicilerini tarımsal ve finansal göstergeleri odağına alarak araştırmaktadır. ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımından elde edilen bulgular, uzun dönemde tarımsal alan genişlemesinin, çevresel sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağladığını gösterirken; tarımsal katma değerdeki ve finansal gelişmişlik endeksindeki artışların ise çevresel kalite üzerinde baskı oluşturduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin çevresel kalite üzerindeki etkisi ise anlamsızdır. Ayrıca, yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminden çevresel kaliteye doğru nedensellik ilişkisi yokken, çevresel kaliteden yenilenebilir enerjiye doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Tarımsal katma değer ile çevre kalitesi arasında tespit edilen çift yönlü nedensellik, bu iki değişken arasında karşılıklı bir etkileşim ve geri besleme ilişkisi olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca, çevre kalitesinden finansal gelişmişliğe doğru olan tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi, yatırım kararlarının çevresel sürdürülebilirlik kriterlerini dikkate alarak şekillendirildiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak çalışma, çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasında tarımsal göstergelerin ve finansal gelişmenin çok yönlü ve dinamik etkileşimlerini ortaya koyarken, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmak için daha bütüncül politika yaklaşımlarının gerekliliğine dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Finansal Gelişmişlik Endeksi
• Tarımsal Katma Değer
• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Çevre Kalitesi
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN TÜRKIYE: INSIGHTS FROM THE FINANCE-AGRICULTURE-ENERGY TRIANGLE

Öz

Studies on environmental economics mainly focus on environmental degradation. In contrast to the previous studies, this study examines the long-run and short-run determinants of environmental quality by focusing on agricultural indicators and financial indicators. The findings from the ARDL bounds test indicate that the expansion of agricultural land contributes to long-term environmental sustainability. However, increases in agricultural value added and financial development index exert pressure on environmental quality. Moreover, the effect of renewable energy consumption on environmental quality is statistically insignificant. While there is no causal relationship from renewable energy consumption to environmental quality, there is a unidirectional causality relationship from environmental quality to renewable energy. The bidirectional causality between agricultural value added and environmental quality indicates a mutual interaction and feedback loop among these variables. Moreover, the unidirectional causality relationship from environmental quality to financial development demonstrates that investment decisions are shaped by considering environmental sustainability concerns. In conclusion, the study reveals the multifaceted and dynamic interactions of agricultural indicators and financial development in achieving environmental sustainability. It draws attention to the necessity of more holistic policy approaches to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Financial Development Index
• Agricultural Value Added
• Renewable Energy
• Environmental Quality
• Sustainable Development Goals

Kaynakça

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