Comparison Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus and J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa Berries Essential Oils from Turkey

Abstract

Juniperus oxycedrus L. and its relatives are within the natural habitat in Turkey. In this present study, essential oils from Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus and Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa berries, collected from various sites of Turkey were distilled and analyzed for their chemical compositions. GC/MS analyses revealed α-pinene (19.9-47.8%), β-myrcene (44.6-10.3%) and germacrene D (15.5-13.5 %) as main constituents of the berries, respectively. The olfactory evaluation showed characteristic woody, greenish, herbal, turpentine-like and balsamic sweety nature suggesting their uses especially in mens’ cosmetics. 

Keywords

• Juniperus oxycedrus,Juniperus macrocarpa,Berry essential Oil,Olfactory

Kaynakça

1. Arapi, F. V., Michaelakis, A., Evergetis, E., Koliopoulos, G., Haroutounian, S.A. (2012). Essential oils of indigenous in Greece six Juniperus taxa, Parasitology Research, 110, 1829-1839. 10.1007/s00436-011-2706-8.
2. Medini, H., Elaissi, A., Khouja M.L., Chraief, I., Farhat, F., Hammami, M., Chemli, R., Harzallah-Skhiri, F. (2010). Leaf Essential Oil of Juniperus oxycedrus L. (Cupressaceae) Harvested in Northern Tunisia: Composition and Intra-Specific Variability. Chemistry & Biodiversity. 7, 1254-1266.
3. R. P. Adams. (1998). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 26, 637.
4. Barrero, A. F., Oltra, J. E., Altarejos, J., Barragan, A., Lara, A., Laurent, R. (1993) Flavour Fragrance J. 8, 185.
5. Alan, S., Kurkcuoglu, M., Sener, G. (2016). Composition of the Essential Oils of Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus Growing in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 13(3), 300-303. 10.4274/tjps.2016.03.
6. Taviano, M. F., Mariano, A., Trovato, A., Bellinghieri, V., Melchini, A., Dugo, P., Cacciola, F., Donato, P., Mondello, L., Güvenç, A., De Pasquale, R., Miceli, N. (2013). Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus and Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. macrocarpa (Sibth. & Sm.) Ball. ‘‘berries’’ from Turkey: Comparative evaluation of phenolic profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 58, 22-29. 10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.049.
7. Akkol, K.E., Güvenç, A., Yesilada, E. (2009). A comparative study on the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of five Juniperus taxa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 125, 330–336.
8. Loizzo, M.R., Tundis, R., Conforti, F., Saab, A.M., Statti, G.A., Menichini, F. (2007). Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon. Food Chemistry. 105, 572–578.

9. Sezik, E., Yesilada, E., Tabata, M., Honda, G., Takahishi, Y., Fujita, T., Tanaka, T., Takeda, Y. (1997). Traditional medicine in Turkey. VIII. Folk medicine in East Anatolia: Erzurum, Erzincan, Agri, Kars, Igdir Provinces. Economic Botany. 51, 195–211.
10. Dıgrak, M., İlcim, A., Alma, M.H. (1999). Antimicrobial Activities of Several Parts of Pinus brutia, Juniperus oxycedrus, Abies cilicia, Cedrus libani and Pinus nigra. Phytotherapyh Research. 13, 584-587.
11. Sezik, E., Kocakulak, E., Baser K.H.C., Ozek, T. (2005). Composition of the Essential Oils of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa from Turkey.
12. Lasjak, M.M., Beara, I.N., Orcic, D.Z., Petar, K.N., Simin, N.D., Emilija, S.D., Mimica-Dukic, N.M.(2014). Phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of Juniperus macrocarpa Sibth. et Sm. Journal of Functional Foods, 7, 257-268. 10.1016/j.jff.2014.02.003.