Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of six Lamiaceae plants growing in Southern Turkey

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 62 - 68, 29.12.2017

Hasan Maral Murat Türk Tuncay Çalışkan Saliha Kırıcı

Öz

Plants of the Lamiaceae family are rich in polyphenolic compounds, and
a large number are well known for their antioxidant properties. In the present
study, the essential oils of six species were evaluated for their chemical
composition and antioxidant activity.

The species used in
the present study were namely Origanum dubium, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Thymbra
spicata, Thymus sipyleus, Satureja cilicica and Ziziphora clinopodioides, respectively. The essential oil
contents for Origanum
dubium was
4.6%, for Origanum
vulgare subsp. hirtum 3.4%,
Thymbra spicata 1.28%, Thymus sipyleus 1.78%, Satureja cilicica 1.64% and for Ziziphora clinopodioides was 0.35%. The
essential oils compositions were determined by GC-MS. Major identified
components were carvacrol for O. dubium, O. vulgare subsp. hirtum, and T. spicata; α-pinene for T. sipyleus; and borneol for Z. clinopodioides. Total phenolic
contents of essential oils have a very high equivalent amount compared to
gallic acid, however, low radical scavenging properties

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant, Lamiaceae, Essential oils

Kaynakça

• Aşcı, M., Kırıcı, S., Turk, M., İnan, M. (2010). Determination of variability of essential oil and agricultural characterization of SaturejahortensisL. on date of harvest during flowering period in the Çukurova condition, 6th CMAPSEEC April, 18-22 2010 Antalya Proceedings, 1025-1036.
• Hwang, B. Y., Kim, H. S., Lee, J. H., Hong, Y. S., Ro, J. S., Lee, K. S., & Lee, J. J. (2001). Antioxidant Benzoylated Flavan-3- ol Glycoside from Celastrus orbiculatus. Journal of natural products, 64(1), 82-84.
• Barakat, A., L.H. Wakim, N.A. Apostolides, G. Srour, M.E. Beyrouthy. (2013). Variation in theessential oils of Thymbra spicata L. growing wild in Lebanon according to the date of harvest. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 25, 506-511.
• Barata, T.M., Dorman, D.J.H. and Deans, G.S. (1998). Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of laurel, sage, rosemary, oregano and coriander essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 10, 618–627.
• Bartosz, G. (1997). Oxidative stress in plants. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 19 (1) pp. 47-67
• Başer, K.H.C, (1994). Essential oil of Labiatae from Turkey-Recent results. Lamiales Newsletter, Number 3:6-11s.
• Baser, K. H. C. (2002). Aromatic biodiversity among the flowering plant taxa of Turkey. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 74(4), 527-545.
• Başer, K.H.C., Kürkçüoglu, M., Demirci, B. and Özek, T. (2003). The essential oil of Origanum syriacum L. var. sinaicum (Boiss.). Flavour Fragrance Journal, 18, 98–99.
• Başer, K.H.C.,Kirimer, N., Tümen, G. (2011). Composition of the Essential Oil of Origanum majorana L. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 5, 577-579.
• Baydar, H., O. Sagdic, G. Ozkan, T. Karadogan. (2004). Antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from Origanum, Thymbra and Satureja species with commercial importance in Turkey. Food Control, 15: 169–172.
• Baytop, T. (1999).“Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (geçmişte ve bugün)”, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul, 75-350.
• Bozin, B. Mimika-Dukic, N. Simin, N., Anackov, G. (2006). Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oils of some Lamiaceae species and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 1822-1828.
• Çelik, E. ve Çelik, G.Y. (2007). Bitki uçucu yağlarının antimikrobiyal özellikleri, Orlab on-line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 5(2): 1- 6.
• Davis P.H., Tan K., Mill R.R. (1988). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands (Suppl.) Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK.
• Güner A.,Özhatay N., Ekim, T., Başer, K.H.C. (2000). “Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement 2), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK.
• Göger, F. (2006). Salvia virgata Jack. ve Salvia halophila Hedge’nin antioksidan etkilerinin ve bileşimlerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek lisans tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı. Eskişehir.
• Halliwell, B. And Gutteridge, J.M.C. (2007). Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, 4th edn, Clarendon Press, Oxford. Kabouche, A., Kabouche, Z., & Bruneau, C. (2005). Analysis of the essential oil of Thymus numidicus (Poiret) from Algeria. Flavour and fragrance journal, 20(2), 235-236.
• Kizil, S. (2013). Selection of A clones from Thymbra spicatav ar. Spicata by clonal selection method. Industrial Crops and Products 41, 1-9.
• Kizil, S. (2010). Determination of essential oil variations of Thymbra spicata var. spicata L. naturally growing in the wild flora of East Mediterranean and Southeastern Anatolia regions of Turkey. Industrial Crops and Products, 32(3), 593-600
• Markovic, T., P. Chatzopoulou, J. Siljegovic, M. Nikolic, J. Glamoclha, A. Ciric, M. Sokovic. (2011). Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Satureja thymbra L. And Thymbra spicata L. and their main components. Archives of Biological Sciences Belgrade, 63, 457-464.
• Kocabaş, Y.Z. and Karaman, S., 2001. Essential oils of Lamiaceae family from South East Mediterranean Region (Turkey). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(10):1221-1223.
• Küçükbay, F.Z., Kuyumcu, E., Çelen, S., Azaz, A.D., Arabacı, T., 2014. Chemical composition of the essential oils of three Thymus taxa fromTurkey with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Records of Natural Products, 8,2, 110-120.
• Maral, H.,Taghikhani, H., Kaya, A., Kırıcı, S., (2015). The effect of different levels of altitutes on composition and content of essential oils of ziziphora clinopodioides in southern Turkey. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science (IJAWS). 1 (1), 1-6.
• Meral G.E., Konyalıoglu S., and Ozturk B. (2002). Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of endemic Ziziphora taurica subsp. cleonioides. Fitoterapia, 73, 716-718.
• Miliauskas, G.P.R. Venskutonis and T.A. Van Beek, (2004). Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chemistry, 85, 231-237.
• Morgaris, N.,Koedam, A., Vokou, D., (1982). Aromatic Plants. Martinius Njhaff Publisher, London. 265-269s.
• Özkan G., (2007). Türkiye’de Lamiaceae (Labiatae) familyasına ait baharat veya çeşni olarak kullanılan bazı bitkilerin fenolik bileşenleri ile antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal etkilerinin belirlenmesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora tezi.
• Ravid, U., E. Putievsky. (1985). Composition of essentialoils of Thymbra spicata and Satureja thymbra chemotypes. Planta Medica, 51, 337-338.
• Russo, M. Galletti, G.C.Bocchini, P. Carnacini, A.1998. Essential oil composition of wild populations of Italian oregano spice [Origanumvulgare ssp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart]: a preliminaryevaluation of their use in chemotaxonomy by Cluster Analysis.1. Infloroscens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46, 3742-3746
• Sezik, E., Tümen, G., & Başer, K. H. C. (1991). Ziziphora tenuior L., a new source of pulegone. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 6(1), 101-103.
• Scheffer, J.J.C., Looman, A., BaerheimSvendsen, A. And Sarer, E. (1986). The essential oils of three Origanum species grown in Turkey.In Progress in Essential Oil Research (E.J. Brunke, ed.) p. 151-156, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany.
• Shahla S.N. (2012). Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil against some pathogenic bacteria. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(7), 1504-1508.
• Singleton VL, Rossi JA. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phospho tungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16:144-158.
• Solmaz E. (2009). Lamium purpureum L. var. purpureum türünün farklı ekstrelerinin antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin incelenmesi ve aktivitede rol oynayan fenoliklerin belirlenmesi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tez.
• Unlu, M., G. Vardar-Unlu, N. Vural, E. Donmez, Z.Y. Ozbas. (2009). Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymbra spicata L. From Turkey. Natural Product Research, 23, 572–579.
• Watson, L., Dallwitz, M.T., (1978). The Families of Flowering Plants. Oxford University Press, London.