Antioxidant Activity of Chamomile Essential Oil and Main Components

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 11 - 16, 23.03.2018

Zeynep Fırat , Fatih Demirci , Betül Demirci

Öz

The objective of this study was to characterize the antioxidant capacity
of the chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) essential oil (EO) as well as its major constituents. For this
purpose, Pharmacopoeia grade Matricariae aetheroleum was used after the
analytical evaluation, which was confirmed by GC/MS and GC/FID, respectively.
The main components were identified as α-bisabolol oxide A and B, (E)-b-farnesene, α-bisabolone oxide A,
chamazulene, and α-bisabolol
according the European Pharmacopoeia, respectively. The major constituents α-bisabolol oxide A and
chamazulene were purified using prep-TLC from the EO, and the identification
and quantification of the constituents were confirmed by GC/MS and GC/FID
analyses. Chamomile EO, α-bisabolol
oxide A, (E)- b- farnesene,
chamazulene, and α-bisabolol
were evaluated comparatively for their in vitro antioxidant activities using the
spectrophotometric 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging
microdilution assay. The highest free radical inhibitory activity was observed
for chamazulene followed by α-bisabolol
oxide A, the chamomile EO and (E)-b-farnesene, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chamomile essential oil, Matricaria recutita L., DPPH antioxidant activity, chamazulene

Kaynakça

• Abdoul-Latif, F.M., Mohamed, N., Edou, P., Ali, A.A., Djama, S.O., Obame, L.C., Bassole, I.H.N. & Dicko, M.H. (2011). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. from Djibouti. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(9), 1512-1517.
• Amorati, R., Foti, M.C. & Valgimigli, L. (2013). Antioxidant activity of essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(46), 10835-10847.
• Ashnagar, A., Naseri, N.G. & Alavi, S.Y. (2009). Isolation and identification of the major chemical components in the capitula of Matricaria chamomilla grown in Khuzestan Province of Iran. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 21(7), 4981-4986.
• Ayoughi, F., Barzegar, M., Sahari, M.A. & Naghdibadi, H. (2011). Chemical compositions of essential oils of Artemisia dracunculus L. and endemic Matricaria chamomilla L. and an evaluation of their antioxidative effects. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13, 79-88.
• Bartikova, H., Hanusova, V., Skalova, L., Ambroz, M. & Bousova, I. (2014). Antioxidant, pro-oxidant and other biological activities of sesquiterpenes. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry., 14(22), 2478-2494.
• Baser, K.H.C. & Demirci, F. (2007). Chemistry of essential oils. In R.G. Berger, (Ed.), Chemistry of essential oil in flavours and fragrances, chemistry, bioprocessing and sustainability (pp. 43-86). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
• Buckle, J. (2015). Basic plant taxonomy, basic essential oil chemistry, extraction, biosynthesis, and analysis. In J. Barlow (Ed.), Clinical aromatherapy (pp. 37-72). St. Louis: Churchill Livingstone.
• Capuzzo, A., Occhipinti, A. & Maffei, M.E. (2014). Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of chamazulene. Natural Product Research. Form. Nat. Product Lett., 28(24), 2321-2323.
• Das, M. (2015).Chamomile: medicinal, biochemical, and agricultural aspects. Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
• Demirci, F., Bayramic, P., Göger, G., Demirci, B. & Baser, K.H.C. (2015). Characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of the essential oil of Pinus pinea L. from Turkey. Natural Volatiles & Essential Oils, 2(2), 39-44.
• Farhoudi, R. (2013). Chemical constituents and antioxidant properties of Matricaria recutita and Chamaemelum nobile essential oil growing wild in the South West of Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 16(4), 531-537.
• Goger, G., Demirci, B., Ilgın, S. & Demirci, F. (2018). Antimicrobial and toxicity profiles evaluation of the chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) essential oil combination with standard antimicrobial agents. Industrial Crops and Products, 120, 279-285.
• Halliwell, B., Aeschbach, R., Löliger, J. & Aruoma, O.I. (1995). The characterization of antioxidants. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 33(7), 601-617.
• Kumarasamy, Y., Byres, M., Cox, P.J., Jaspars, M., Nahar, L. & Sarker, S.D. (2007). Screening seeds of some Scottish plants for free-radical scavenging activity. Phytotherapy Research, 21(7), 615-621.
• Mishra, K., Ojha, H. & Chaudhury, N.K. (2012). Estimation of antiradical properties of antioxidants using DPPH. assay: A critical review and results. Food Chemistry, 130, 1036-1043.
• Ornano, L., Venditti, A., Ballero, M., Sanna, C., Quassinti, L., Bramucci, M., Lupidi, G., Papa, F., Vittori, S., Maggi, F. & Bianco, A. (2013). Chemopreventive and antioxidant activity of the chamazulene-rich essential oil obtained from Artemisia arborescens L. growing on the Isle of La Maddalena, Sardinia, Italy. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 10(8), 1464-1474.
• Owlia, P., Rasooli, I. & Saderi, H. (2007). Antistreptococcal and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Matricaria chamomilla. L. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(2), 155-160.
• Rekka, E.A., Kourounakis, P. & Kourounakis, P.N. (1996). Investigation of the effect of chamazulene on lipid peroxidation and free radical processes. Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology, 92, 361-364.
• Rhind, J. P. (2012). The essential oils, absolutes and resinoids of aromatherapy. In S. Dragon (Ed.), Essential oils: A handbook for aromatherapy practice (pp. 111-255). Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
• Roby, M.H.H, Sarhan, M.A., Selim, K.A.H. & Khalel, K.I. (2013). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 44, 437-445.
• Schilcher, H. (2005). Legal situation of German chamomile: monographs. In R. Franke & H. Schilcher (Eds.), Chamomile industrial profiles (pp. 7-38). Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
• Singh, O., Khanam, Z., Misra, N. & Srivastava, M.K. (2011). Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 5, 82-95.
• Srivastava, K.J., Shankar, E. & Gupta, S. (2010). Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular Medicine Reports, 3(6), 895-901.
• Stanojevic, L.P., Marjanovic-Balaban, Z.R., Kalaba, V.D., Stanojevic, J.S. & Cvetkovic, D.J. (2016). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of chamomile flowers essential oil (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(8), 2017-2028