Valorization of Citrus Peel Waste

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 10 - 18, 27.12.2018

Merve Deniz Köse , Oğuz Bayraktar

Öz

Citrus sinensis commercially known as an orange tree has a high pectin ratio and
valuable essential oils. The huge amount of orange peel is generated in
industries and they can be used as a raw material for essential oils and
pectin. To obtain essential oils from orange peels distillation method is used
and collected oil is analyzed to determine its d- limonene amount, also the
yield of the essential oil production is calculated. The essential oil yield
was found as 0.19%. GC results revealed that the sample had 94% d-limonene, and
the data from the literature indicated that d-limonene amount of orange
essential oil may vary between 32% and 98% depending on the variety of orange.
In addition to essential oil, pectin was also extracted from the orange peels
using two types of acids. First one was hydrochloric acid (HCl) as an inorganic
acid, and the other was tartaric acid (TA) as an organic acid. The purpose of
selecting the several types of acid was to observe the effects of acid type on
pectin yield. The pectin amount obtained with HCl usage (4.72 % g pectin/orange
fresh peel) was higher than that with TA usage (4.037 % g pectin/orange fresh
peel). The experimental results for pectin contents of samples were also
confirmed with the colorimetric test results. According to these results,
concentrations of galacturonic acid in the samples obtained with HCl (0.509 mg
galacturonic acid/mg) was found to be higher than the concentrations of
galacturonic acid in the samples obtained with TA (0.103 mg galacturonic
acid/mg).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Essential oils, valorization, extraction of pectin, orange peel

Kaynakça

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