COLOURS USED IN DYEING OF YARNS CARPETS AND RUGS AND THE PLANTS YIELDING THESE COLOURS

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 439 - 445, 01.05.2011

Hürrem Sinem Şanlı

Öz

Natural dyeing has been carried out as an ancestral art for hundreds and hundreds years in Turkey. Natural dyeing has been applied at high level by Turks and it has thus constituted a sample for natural dyeing all around the world. It is mentioned that 2/3 of the root dye was exported from Anatolia in 1700s. Although nowadays natural painting is decreasing more and more, it is still maintained in some of our regions and herbal dyes are used especially for dyeing wraps and laces in carpets and rugs. That natural dyes are used for rugs and carpets is a reason for preferring these traditional rugs and carpets that have artistic value. Especially these rugs and carpets can easily be marketed in domestic and international markets and sold at special prices and they yield to income. When rugs and carpets are to be dyed, some plants' bodies are used as a whole and some plants' flowers, grains, leaves, shells of trunks, fruit shells, shoots growing inwards, roots etc are used. The color range of the plants used in dyeing is quite large. Besides, mordants used in dyeing also widen the color range further. In this study, the historical importance of natural dyeing as applied by Turks was mentioned, colors used in the laces of Turkish rugs and carpets were categorized, plants yielding to these colors and which parts of these plants are used for dyeing were detailed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Natural dyeing, carpet yarns, rug yarns, dye plants, colours,

HALI VE KYLYM YPLYKLERYNYN BOYANMASINDA KULLANILAN RENKLER VE BU RENKLERY VEREN BYTKYLER

Öz

Türkiye'de do?al boyacylyk bir ata sanaty olarak yüzyyllardan beri yapylmy?tyr. Do?al boyacylyk Türklerde ileri düzeyde uygulanmy? ve Dünyada do?al boyacylyk açysyndan örnek te?kil etmi?tir. 1700 lü yyllarda dünya kökboya ihracatynyn 2/3 ünün Anadolu tarafyndan kar?ylandy?y belirtilmektedir. Günümüzde do?al boyacylyk giderek azalmy? ise de bazy yörelerimizde hala ya?atylmakta ve özellikle haly ve kilimde atky, çözgü ve ilmelik ipliklerin boyanmasynda kullanylmaktadyr. Haly ve kilimlerde do?al boyalaryn kullanylmasy, geleneksel yapyda ve sanat de?eri ta?yyan bu yaygylaryn tercih edilmesine neden olmaktadyr. Özellikle bu haly ve kilimler iç ve dy? piyasada kolayca alycy bulmakta özel fiyatlarla satylmakta ve gelir sa?lamaktadyr. Haly ve kilim iplikleri boyanmasynda bazy bitkilerin tamamy kullanylyrken bazylarynyn ise çiçek, tohum, yaprak, gövde kabu?u, meyve kabu?u, toprak alty sürgünü, kökü vb. kysymlary kullanylmaktadyr. Boyamada kullanylan bitkilerin renk yelpazesi oldukça geni?tir. Ayryca boyamalara katylan mordanlar da bu renk yelpazesinin daha da artmasyna neden olmaktadyr. Bu çaly?mada; Türklerde uygulanan do?al boyacyly?yn tarihsel önemi belirtilmi?, Türkiye'de haly ve kilim ipliklerinde kullanylan renkler gruplandyrylmy?, bu renkleri veren bitkiler ve bu bitkilerin hangi bölümlerinin boyamada kullanyldy?y açyklanmy?tyr.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Do?al boyacylyk, haly iplikleri, kilim iplikleri, boya bitkileri, renkler,