ORGANIZATION CULTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON PERFORMANCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR UNIVERSITIES

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 1 - 15, 27.03.2017

Abid Ahmad Nasir Karım Farzand Ali Jan

Öz

Culture is a vibrant component of effective & efficient
administrative practices in higher education institutes (HEIs) and is
linked with progress and success. This research examines the impact of
organization culture on organization performance in public and private
sector universities of district Peshawar and presents a comparison of
the impact in both the sectors. Impact of the three levels of cultural
analysis, Artifacts, Espoused Beliefs & Values and Basic Underlying
Assumptions on Organization Performance is measured and discussed.
Schein Model of Organization Culture (Schein, 2004) and Balance
Scorecard (BSC) for non-profit organizations (Kaplan, 2001) are used to
examine the relationship between organizational performance (as
dependent variable) and organizational culture (as independent
variable). The research establish that organization culture have a
strong positive impact on organization performance and that in public
sector universities the ‘Artifacts’ and in private sector universities
the ‘Espoused Belief and Values’ have greater impact on organization
performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Organization Culture, Organization Performance, Artifacts, Espoused Beliefs and Values, Basic Underlying Assumptions

ÖRGÜTSEL KÜLTÜR ve PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ: KAMU ve ÖZEL SEKTÖR ÜNİVERSİTELERİ ARASINDA KARŞILATIRMALI BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Kültür, yüksek öğretim kurumlarındaki etkili ve verimli yönetim
uygulamalarının en onemli parçalarından bir tanesidir ve gelişim ve
başarı ile de çok yakından bağlantılıdır. Bu araştırma, Peşaver’de
bulunan kamu ve özel sektör üniversitelerinin örgütsel performanslarında
örgüt kültürünün önemini incelemekte ve aynı zamanda kamu ve özel
üniversitelerdeki etkilerin karşılaştırmasını sunmaktadır. Artifaktlar,
inançlar ve temel kabullerin altında yatan değerler olmak üzere kültürün
üç temel seviyesinin örgüt performansını nasıl etkilediği ölçülmüş ve
tartışılmıştır. Örgütsel performans (bağımlı değişken) ile örgütsel
kültür (bağımsız değişken) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Schein’ın
örgüt kültürü modeli (Schein, 2004)ve kar amaçsız örgütler için Dengeli
Skorkart (Kaplan, 2001) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları örgüt
kültürünün örgütsel performans üzerinde güçlü olumlu bir etkiye sahip
olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, kamu üniversitelerinde “artifaktlar” özel
üniversitelerde olduğundan daha fazla, diğer yandan “inançlar ve
değerler” ise özel üniversitelerde daha etkili bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Örgüt Kültürü, Örgüt Performansı, Artifaktlar, İnançlar ve Değerler, Temel Kabuller

Kaynakça

• Bagraim, J. J. (2001). Organizational psychology and workplace control: The instrumentality of corporate culture. South Africa Journal of Industrial Psychology, Vol 3, 43-49.
• Bartell, M. (2003). Internationalization of Universities: A University Culture-Based Framework. Higher Education, Vol 45 (1), 43-70.
• Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2006). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture based on the competing values framework (Rev. Ed.). San Francisco, CA: Wiley (Jossey Bass).
• Carton, R. B. (2004). Measuring Organizational Performance: An Exploratory Study (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
• Cooke, R. A., & Lafferty, J. C. (1986). Level V: Organizational Culture Inventory-form III. Plymouth, MI: Human Synergistics.
• Cunha, J. M., & Miller T. (2012). Measuring Value-Added in Higher Education. HCM Strategists LLC. Washington, DC, p. 32.
• Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A., K. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization Science, Vol 6, 204-223.
• Fralinger, B., & Olson, V. (2007). Organizational Culture at the University Level: A Study Using the OCAI Instrument. Journal of College Teaching and Learning, 4 (11), pp. 85-98.
• Grondahl, E., & Martinsson, L. (2011). Impact of Organizational Culture on Quality Management: A case study in a manufacturing unit. Master of Science Thesis in Quality and Operations Management, Department of Technology Management and Economics, Division of Quality Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• Hall, R. (1993). A framework linking intangible resources and capabilities to sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 14(8), 607–618.
• Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International differences in work related values. Beverly Hill, CA: Sage. Jean-Francois, H. (2004). Performance measurement and organizational effectiveness: bridging the gap. Managerial Finance, 30(6), 93 – 123.
• Jyoti, Banwet, D., K., & Deshmukh, S., G. (2006). Balanced Score Card for Performance Evaluation of R & D Organization: A Conceptual Model. Journal of scientific & Industrial Research, 65, 879-886.
• Kaplan, R., S. (2001). Strategic Performance Measurement and Management in Nonprofit Organizations. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 11(3), 353–370.
• March, G., J., & Sutton, R., I., (1997). Organizational Performance as a Dependent Variable. Organization Science, 8(6).
• Ogbonna, E., & Lloyd, C., H. (2002). Managing organizational culture: insights from the hospitality industry. Human Resource Management Journal, 12 (1), 33–53.
• Osman, F., B., Munevver, Y., M., Dogan, & Nermin, K. (2010). The Organizational Culture at the University, Educational Research Association. International Journal of Educational Researchers, 2(1), 1-13.
• Owens, R., (1987). Organizational Behavior in Education. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
• Peteraf, M., A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179–191.
• Pettigrew, A., (1979). On Studying organizational culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570-581.
• Salonda, L., L. (2008). Exploration of a university culture: A Papaua New Guinea case study. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Victory University of Technology.
• Schein, E., H. (1990). Organizational culture. American Psychologist, 45(2), 109-119.
• Schein, E., H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership (3rd ed.). The Jossey-Bass business & management series, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-7879-6845-5
• Shili, S., (2012). Cultural Values and Their Challenges for Enterprises. International Journal of Business Administration, 3(2).
• Yilmaz, C., & Ergun, E., (2008). Organizational culture and firm effectiveness: An examination of relative effects of culture traits and the balanced culture hypothesis in an emerging economy. Journal of World Business, 43, 290–306.