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Well-being and Psychosocial Risks in the Workplace: Strategies for Navigating Changing Dynamics

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 54 - 63, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.1393212

Öz

As the work environment undergoes continuous evolution due to technological and societal shifts, understanding these dynamics is crucial for the well-being of employees and the management of psychosocial risks. Well-being signifies a state where individuals feel physically, mentally, and socially balanced. However, psychosocial risks in workplaces, triggered by organizational changes, encompass factors such as stress, uncertainty, and lack of job security. A proposed three-tiered intervention model aims to manage these risks, emphasizing the need for compre-hensive strategies to enhance mental health in the workplace. Moreover, modern work practices like flexible work-ing hours can aid employees in achieving a work-life balance, subsequently enhancing their well-being and com-mitment to their roles. In conclusion, this article offers an in-depth exploration of changing work dynamics, the concept of well-being, and the management of psychosocial risks, providing insights for organizations to address these challenges effectively.

Kaynakça

  • Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı. (2020). İşyerleri için psikososyal risklere yönelik iş sağlığı ve güvenliği rehberi. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/media/55389/psikososyal_risk_etmenleri_14092020.pdf
  • Allen, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). Flexibility in the New World of Work. Current Directions in Psychological Sci-ence, 29(4), 365-370.
  • Ateş, Ö. & Kaygın, E. (2022). İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinin Örgüt Esenliğine Etkisi ve Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayenin Aracı Rolü: Kafkas Üniversitesi Örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 13(2), 100-123. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/cider/issue/70198/1128628
  • Aust, B., & Ducki, A. (2004). Comprehensive Health Promotion Interventions at the Workplace: Experiences With Health Circles in Germany. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 9(3), 258–270. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.9.3.258
  • Bond, F. W., & Bunce, D. (2001). Job control mediates change in a work reorganization intervention for stress reduc-tion. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(4), 290–302. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.6.4.290
  • Brooks, S. K., et al. (2020). The Psychological Impact of Quarantine and How to Reduce It: Rapid Review of the Evi-dence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920.
  • Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Bril-liant Technologies. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • De Stefano, V. (2015). The Rise of the "Just-in-Time Workforce": On-Demand Work, Crowd Work, and Labor Protec-tion in the "Gig-Economy." Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 37(3), 471-504.
  • Department for Work & Pensions. (2013). Case study: Middlesbrough Environment City - healthy eating and exercise. https://www.gov.uk/government/case-studies/middlesbrough-environment-city-healthy-eating-and-exercise
  • Dewe, P., & Cooper, C. (2012). Well-being and work: Towards a balanced agenda. Palgrave Macmillan/Springer Na-ture. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230363038
  • Dülcek, S. & Şişman, F. N. (2021). İş Yeri Temelli Ruh Sağlığını Geliştirme Programları: Sistematik İnceleme. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 3(3), 212-233. https://10.54061/jphn.946046
  • Fugate, M., et al. (2017). Extending the Multidimensional Work-Design Framework: Enabling a Parsimonious Specifi-cation through Examination of Essential Task Strains. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(8), 1173-1189.
  • Green, F., et al. (2020). The Changing Nature of Work and Employment: Challenges for the UK. British Journal of In-dustrial Relations, 58(2), 426-441.
  • Gudykunst, W. B., & Kim, Y. Y. (2017). Communicating with Strangers: An Approach to Intercultural Communica-tion. Routledge.
  • Gyawali, B. (2015). Effective approaches to improve the psychosocial work environment. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2015.0308201426
  • Häusser, J. A., et al. (2019). Stressors, Resources, and Strain at Work: A Longitudinal Test of the Triple-Match Princi-ple. Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(5), 635-654.
  • Häusser, J. A., et al. (2020). Crossover of Job-Related Strain from Leaders to Followers: Main Effects and Moderating Influences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(10), 1123-1139.
  • Health and Safety Executive. (2014). Working days lost 2014. http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/dayslost.htm
  • International Organization for Standardization [İSO]. (2021). ISO 45003:2021. Occupational health and safety man-agement — Psychological health and safety at work — Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks. ISO/TC 283 Occupational health and safety management.
  • Işık, İ. (2021). Çalışma Yaşamında Psikososyal Riskler ve Yönetilmesi. Artıbülten, Ocak-Nisan 2021, 2-6.
  • Işık, İ. , Öz Aktepe, Ş. , Çetin Özbudak, E. , Ceylan, F. , Kuzdağ, Y. , Dönmez, A. & Güney, K. (2022). Psikososyal Risk Farkındalığı ve Risk Yönetimine İlişkin Beklentiler: Maden Sektöründen Bir Değerlendirme. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 2022 - Cilt 1 Özel Sayı, 90-113. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cider/issue/71068/1104306
  • Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administra-tive Science Quarterly, 285-308.
  • Keeman, A., Näswall, K., Malinen, S., & Kuntz, J. (2017). Employee wellbeing: Evaluating a wellbeing intervention in two settings. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00505
  • Kelloway, E. K., & Day, A. L. (2005). Building healthy workplaces: What we know so far. Canadian Journal of Behav-ioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 37(4), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087259
  • Koopmans, P. C., Bültmann, U., Roelen, C. A., Hoedeman, R., van der Klink, J. J., & Groothoff, J. W. (2010). Recur-rence of sickness absence due to common mental disorders. International Archives of Occupational and En-vironmental Health, 84(2), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-010-0540-4
  • Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer.
  • Leka, S. & Houdmont, J. (2010). Occupational Health Psychology. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Leka, S., & Jain, A. (2019). Health Impact of Psychosocial Hazards at Work: An Overview. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-at-work
  • León-Pérez, J. M., Shoss, M. K., Ferreira, A. I., & Giorgi, G. (2021). Emerging issues in occupational health psychology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111621
  • Nielsen, K., et al. (2017). Psychosocial Safety Climate: A New Work Stress Theory. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 18(6), 632-647.
  • Osca, A., López-Araujo, B., Bardera, P., Uríen, B., Díez, V., & Rubio, C. (2014). Psychosocial risks and work-related accidents: Research studies and practical implications. Papeles del Psicólogo, 35(2), 138-143.
  • Pérez-Alonso, J., Gómez-Galán, M., Agüera-Puntas, M., Sánchez-Hermosilla, J., & Callejón-Ferre, Á.-J. (2021). Ap-proach for assessing the prevalence of psychosocial risks of workers in the greenhouse construction industry in south-eastern Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094753
  • Public Health England [NHS]. (2014). Local action on health inequalities: Workplace interventions to improve health and wellbeing. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/355773/Briefing5a_Workplace_interventions_health_inequalities.pdf
  • Schulte, P. & Vainio, H. (2010). Well-being at work – overview and perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Envi-ronment & Health, 36(5), 422–429. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40967878
  • Strohmeier, S. (2017). Globalization and Work: An Introduction. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 4(1), 2-13.
  • Tantan, E. , Mutaf, M. & Tepe, S. (2021). Psikososyal Risklere Karşı Farkındalığın Belirlenmesi ve Psikososyal Risk-lerin İş Kazalarına Etkisi Hakkında İş Güvenliği Uzmanlarının Tutumlarının İncelenmesi. Sağlık Profesyonel-leri Araştırma Dergisi, 3(3), 114-128. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jhpr/issue/65540/973294
  • Taris, T. W., et al. (2021). From Job Demands and Resources to Work Engagement, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction: The Job Demands-Resources Model in the Netherlands. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 42(2), 305-332.
  • Tetrick, L. E., & Quick, J. C. (2011). Overview of occupational health psychology: Public health in occupational set-tings. In J. C. Quick & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 3–20). American Psychological Association.
  • The Marmot Review Team. (2010). Fair Society, Healthy Lives: Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010. Marmot Review Team.
  • Theorell, T., Hammarström, A., Aronsson, G., Träskman Bendz, L., Grape, T., Hogstedt, C., Marteinsdottir, I., Skoog, I., & Hall, C. (2015). A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and depressive symp-toms. BMC Public Health, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1954-4
  • Tims, M., et al. (2016). Job Crafting and its Impact on Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in Mining and Manu-facturing. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 19(4), 520-534.
  • Türk Standardları Enstitüsü. (2021). Occupational health and safety management — Psychological health and safety at work — Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks. MTC135: İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemleri (ISO/FDIS 45003).
  • Vatansever, Ç. (2014). Risk değerlendirme'de yeni bir boyut: Psikososyal tehlike ve riskler. Calisma ve Toplum, 40(1).
  • Yılmaz, Z. (2022). İyi olma hali (wellbeing) stratejilerinin insan kaynakları uygulamalarına yansımaları: nitel bir araştırma. Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Wang, C., et al. (2020). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1729.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf
  • Wu, A., Roemer, E. C., Kent, K. B., Ballard, D. W. & Goetzel, R. Z. (2021). Organizational best practices supporting mental health in the workplace. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(12), e925–e931. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002407

Çalışma Yaşamında Esenlik ve Psikososyal Riskler: Değişen Dinamiklerle Başa Çıkma Stratejileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 54 - 63, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.1393212

Öz

Çalışma yaşamı, teknolojik ve toplumsal değişikliklerle sürekli evrilmektedir. Bu dinamiklerin anlaşılması, çalışanların esenliği ve psikososyal risklerin yönetilmesi açısından hayati öneme sahiptir. Esenlik, bireylerin fiziksel, zihinsel ve sosyal olarak dengede hissetmeleri anlamına gelirken, işyerinde karşılaşılan psikososyal riskler, organizasyonel değişimlerin getirdiği stres, belirsizlik ve iş güvencesi eksikliği gibi faktörlerle tetiklenebilmektedir. Bu risklerin yönetilmesi için üç aşamalı bir müdahale modeli önerilmekte olup, işyerlerinde ruh sağlığını geliştirmek için kapsamlı stratejilere ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca, esnek çalışma saatleri gibi modern iş uygulamaları, çalışanların iş ve özel yaşam dengesini bulmalarını destekleyerek, esenliklerini ve işe olan bağlılıklarını artırabilir. Sonuç olarak, bu makale, iş yaşamının değişen dinamiklerini, esenlik kavramını ve psikososyal risk yönetimini derinlemesine ele alarak, işyerlerinin bu zorluklara nasıl cevap verebileceğine dair kapsamlı bir bakış sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı. (2020). İşyerleri için psikososyal risklere yönelik iş sağlığı ve güvenliği rehberi. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/media/55389/psikososyal_risk_etmenleri_14092020.pdf
  • Allen, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). Flexibility in the New World of Work. Current Directions in Psychological Sci-ence, 29(4), 365-370.
  • Ateş, Ö. & Kaygın, E. (2022). İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğinin Örgüt Esenliğine Etkisi ve Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayenin Aracı Rolü: Kafkas Üniversitesi Örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 13(2), 100-123. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/cider/issue/70198/1128628
  • Aust, B., & Ducki, A. (2004). Comprehensive Health Promotion Interventions at the Workplace: Experiences With Health Circles in Germany. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 9(3), 258–270. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.9.3.258
  • Bond, F. W., & Bunce, D. (2001). Job control mediates change in a work reorganization intervention for stress reduc-tion. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(4), 290–302. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.6.4.290
  • Brooks, S. K., et al. (2020). The Psychological Impact of Quarantine and How to Reduce It: Rapid Review of the Evi-dence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920.
  • Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Bril-liant Technologies. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • De Stefano, V. (2015). The Rise of the "Just-in-Time Workforce": On-Demand Work, Crowd Work, and Labor Protec-tion in the "Gig-Economy." Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 37(3), 471-504.
  • Department for Work & Pensions. (2013). Case study: Middlesbrough Environment City - healthy eating and exercise. https://www.gov.uk/government/case-studies/middlesbrough-environment-city-healthy-eating-and-exercise
  • Dewe, P., & Cooper, C. (2012). Well-being and work: Towards a balanced agenda. Palgrave Macmillan/Springer Na-ture. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230363038
  • Dülcek, S. & Şişman, F. N. (2021). İş Yeri Temelli Ruh Sağlığını Geliştirme Programları: Sistematik İnceleme. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 3(3), 212-233. https://10.54061/jphn.946046
  • Fugate, M., et al. (2017). Extending the Multidimensional Work-Design Framework: Enabling a Parsimonious Specifi-cation through Examination of Essential Task Strains. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(8), 1173-1189.
  • Green, F., et al. (2020). The Changing Nature of Work and Employment: Challenges for the UK. British Journal of In-dustrial Relations, 58(2), 426-441.
  • Gudykunst, W. B., & Kim, Y. Y. (2017). Communicating with Strangers: An Approach to Intercultural Communica-tion. Routledge.
  • Gyawali, B. (2015). Effective approaches to improve the psychosocial work environment. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2015.0308201426
  • Häusser, J. A., et al. (2019). Stressors, Resources, and Strain at Work: A Longitudinal Test of the Triple-Match Princi-ple. Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(5), 635-654.
  • Häusser, J. A., et al. (2020). Crossover of Job-Related Strain from Leaders to Followers: Main Effects and Moderating Influences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(10), 1123-1139.
  • Health and Safety Executive. (2014). Working days lost 2014. http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/dayslost.htm
  • International Organization for Standardization [İSO]. (2021). ISO 45003:2021. Occupational health and safety man-agement — Psychological health and safety at work — Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks. ISO/TC 283 Occupational health and safety management.
  • Işık, İ. (2021). Çalışma Yaşamında Psikososyal Riskler ve Yönetilmesi. Artıbülten, Ocak-Nisan 2021, 2-6.
  • Işık, İ. , Öz Aktepe, Ş. , Çetin Özbudak, E. , Ceylan, F. , Kuzdağ, Y. , Dönmez, A. & Güney, K. (2022). Psikososyal Risk Farkındalığı ve Risk Yönetimine İlişkin Beklentiler: Maden Sektöründen Bir Değerlendirme. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 2022 - Cilt 1 Özel Sayı, 90-113. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cider/issue/71068/1104306
  • Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administra-tive Science Quarterly, 285-308.
  • Keeman, A., Näswall, K., Malinen, S., & Kuntz, J. (2017). Employee wellbeing: Evaluating a wellbeing intervention in two settings. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00505
  • Kelloway, E. K., & Day, A. L. (2005). Building healthy workplaces: What we know so far. Canadian Journal of Behav-ioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 37(4), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087259
  • Koopmans, P. C., Bültmann, U., Roelen, C. A., Hoedeman, R., van der Klink, J. J., & Groothoff, J. W. (2010). Recur-rence of sickness absence due to common mental disorders. International Archives of Occupational and En-vironmental Health, 84(2), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-010-0540-4
  • Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer.
  • Leka, S. & Houdmont, J. (2010). Occupational Health Psychology. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Leka, S., & Jain, A. (2019). Health Impact of Psychosocial Hazards at Work: An Overview. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-at-work
  • León-Pérez, J. M., Shoss, M. K., Ferreira, A. I., & Giorgi, G. (2021). Emerging issues in occupational health psychology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111621
  • Nielsen, K., et al. (2017). Psychosocial Safety Climate: A New Work Stress Theory. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 18(6), 632-647.
  • Osca, A., López-Araujo, B., Bardera, P., Uríen, B., Díez, V., & Rubio, C. (2014). Psychosocial risks and work-related accidents: Research studies and practical implications. Papeles del Psicólogo, 35(2), 138-143.
  • Pérez-Alonso, J., Gómez-Galán, M., Agüera-Puntas, M., Sánchez-Hermosilla, J., & Callejón-Ferre, Á.-J. (2021). Ap-proach for assessing the prevalence of psychosocial risks of workers in the greenhouse construction industry in south-eastern Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4753. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094753
  • Public Health England [NHS]. (2014). Local action on health inequalities: Workplace interventions to improve health and wellbeing. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/355773/Briefing5a_Workplace_interventions_health_inequalities.pdf
  • Schulte, P. & Vainio, H. (2010). Well-being at work – overview and perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Envi-ronment & Health, 36(5), 422–429. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40967878
  • Strohmeier, S. (2017). Globalization and Work: An Introduction. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 4(1), 2-13.
  • Tantan, E. , Mutaf, M. & Tepe, S. (2021). Psikososyal Risklere Karşı Farkındalığın Belirlenmesi ve Psikososyal Risk-lerin İş Kazalarına Etkisi Hakkında İş Güvenliği Uzmanlarının Tutumlarının İncelenmesi. Sağlık Profesyonel-leri Araştırma Dergisi, 3(3), 114-128. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jhpr/issue/65540/973294
  • Taris, T. W., et al. (2021). From Job Demands and Resources to Work Engagement, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction: The Job Demands-Resources Model in the Netherlands. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 42(2), 305-332.
  • Tetrick, L. E., & Quick, J. C. (2011). Overview of occupational health psychology: Public health in occupational set-tings. In J. C. Quick & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 3–20). American Psychological Association.
  • The Marmot Review Team. (2010). Fair Society, Healthy Lives: Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010. Marmot Review Team.
  • Theorell, T., Hammarström, A., Aronsson, G., Träskman Bendz, L., Grape, T., Hogstedt, C., Marteinsdottir, I., Skoog, I., & Hall, C. (2015). A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and depressive symp-toms. BMC Public Health, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1954-4
  • Tims, M., et al. (2016). Job Crafting and its Impact on Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in Mining and Manu-facturing. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 19(4), 520-534.
  • Türk Standardları Enstitüsü. (2021). Occupational health and safety management — Psychological health and safety at work — Guidelines for managing psychosocial risks. MTC135: İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemleri (ISO/FDIS 45003).
  • Vatansever, Ç. (2014). Risk değerlendirme'de yeni bir boyut: Psikososyal tehlike ve riskler. Calisma ve Toplum, 40(1).
  • Yılmaz, Z. (2022). İyi olma hali (wellbeing) stratejilerinin insan kaynakları uygulamalarına yansımaları: nitel bir araştırma. Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Wang, C., et al. (2020). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1729.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf
  • Wu, A., Roemer, E. C., Kent, K. B., Ballard, D. W. & Goetzel, R. Z. (2021). Organizational best practices supporting mental health in the workplace. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63(12), e925–e931. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002407
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Güvenliği, Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme Makale
Yazarlar

Selçuk Şen 0000-0001-7731-8234

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 30 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şen, S. (2024). Çalışma Yaşamında Esenlik ve Psikososyal Riskler: Değişen Dinamiklerle Başa Çıkma Stratejileri. OHS ACADEMY, 7(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.1393212