Boko Haram Terör Örgütünün Bölgedeki Etkisi ve Örgütle Müzakere Olanakları

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 15, 2093 - 2145, 31.08.2018

Yusuf Furkan Şen , Hasan Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.437155

Cited By: 1

Öz

Afrika kıtasının en kalabalık ülkesi ve en büyük
ekonomisi konumundaki Nijerya’da terör, gündemin öncelikli konuları arasında
yer almaktadır. Ülke kaynaklarının dağılımındaki adaletsizlik beraberinde
yükselen şiddeti getirmekte ve bu durum bir terör örgütünün ihtiyaç duyduğu tüm
şartların Nijerya’nın kuzeyinde mevcut olduğu gerçeğini gözler önünne
sermektedir. 2002 yılında kurulan Boko Haram’ın ülkedeki zafiyetlerden
yararlandığı, Müslümanlarla Hıristiyanlar arasındaki sorunları derinleştirdiği,
ülkedeki federal ve yerel yönetimleri itibarsızlaştırdığı görülmektedir. Terör
saldırılarının, ülkenin kuzeyindeki eyaletlerden başkent Abuja’ya hatta komşu
ülkelerden Kamerun ve Nijer’e kadar uzanması, Boko Haram terörünün etki alanını
genişlettiğine ve daha büyük bir tehdit haline geldiğine işaret etmektedir.
Boko Haram’ın terör saldırılarının yanı sıra Nijerya güvenlik güçlerinin,
ülkenin kuzeyindeki sivillere yönelik uygulamış olduğu şiddet ve yargısız
infazlar, kaygıları arttırmakta; çözüm noktasında ise, ülkenin kuzeyindeki az
gelişmişliğin giderilmesi, yaşam koşullarının iyileştirilmesi, sağlıklı bir
yönetim ve adalet ortamı tesis edilmesi, güvenlik sorunlarının çözümünde büyük
bir önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Afrika kıtasının en kalabalık ülkesi, en
büyük ekonomisi ve dünyanın önde gelen petrol ihracatçılarından birisi olarak
bilinen Nijerya’daki Boko Haram terörü araştırılmış ve örgütünün zamanla nasıl
bölgesel bir tehdit haline dönüştüğü ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, bölgedeki terörün
sonlandırılması amacıyla örgütle müzakere olanakları tartışılarak konuya
ilişkin çözüm önerileri getirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Terör, Boko Haram, Afrika, Nijerya, Müzakere Süreci

The Impact of the Terrorist Organization Boko Haram in the Region and the Possibility of Negotiating with the Terrorist Organization

Öz

In Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa and the
biggest economy, terrorism is one of the priority issues of the agenda. The
injustice in the distribution of the resources of the country brings with it
the rising violence, which reveals the fact that all the conditions that a
terrorist organization needs exist in the north of Nigeria. Boko Haram, created
in 2002, seems to have benefited from weaknesses in the country, deepened
problems between Muslims and Christians, and disgusted federal and local
governments in the country. Terrorist attacks, extending from the provinces in
the north of the country to the capital Abuja, even from neighboring countries
to Cameroon and Niger, indicate that Boko Haram has expanded the scope of
terror and has become a bigger threat. The violence and extrajudicial executions
that the Nigerian security forces, as well as the terrorist attacks of Boko
Haram, have imposed on civilians in the north of the country increase concerns;
on the solution side, elimination of underdevelopment in the northern part of
the country, improvement of living conditions, establishment of a healthy
management and justice environment is of great importance in solving security
issues. In this study, Boko Haram terrorism in Nigeria, known as one of the
largest economies and one of the world's leading oil exporters, has been
researched as the most crowded country of the African continent, and how it has
become a regional threat over time. In addition, the possibility of
negotiations with the organization was discussed in order to end terrorism in the
region and a solution was proposed for the issue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Terror, Boko Haram, Africa, Nigeria, Negotiation Process

Kaynakça

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