DISCUSSIONS OF SOCIAL CLASS, DISCRIMINATION AND CLASS CONFLICT IN THE CHERRY ORCHARD AND LOOK BACK IN ANGER
Öz
Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard and Osborne’s Look Back in Anger portray the problems of social class,social prejudice and class struggles in different societies and periods. While the former reflects the conflicts between the working class and the upper class before and after the rise of the middle class in the 19th century Russia, the latter depicts the clash between the working class and the upper middle class after WWII in England. One can identify some significant similarities and differences regarding the issue of social class in these two plays. Thus, in this study, the social struggles of characters from different classes and their conflicts with one another will be uestioned by emphasizing the impact of changing social values and roles upon these individuals, so the aim of this article is to analyze two different settings in terms of class frictions by referring to the reasons and outcomes of these problems.
Anahtar Kelimeler
The Cherry Orchard Look Back in Anger Social Class Discrimination Class Conflict
Kaynakça
- 1.PRIMARY SOURCES: Chekhov, A. (1998). “The Cherry Orchard”, Anton Chekhov: Five Plays, Oxford UP, Oxford. (Original work published in 1904). Osborne, J. (1958). Look Back in Anger: A Play in three Acts, Faber and Faber, London. (Original work published in 1956). 2. SECONDARY SOURCES: Baehr, S. L. (1999). The Machine in Chekhov’s Garden: Progress and Pastoral in the Cherry Orchard, The Slavic and East European Journal, 43/1, 99-121. Retrieved Dec. 10, 2016, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/309908. Bond, P. (1999). Look Back in Anger by John Osborne. World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2017, from http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/sep1999/ look-s14.shtml. Deer, I. (1958). Speech as Action in Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard, Educational Theatre Journal, 10/1, 30-34. Retrieved Jan. 12, 2017, from http://www.jstor. org/stable/3204231. Demastes, W. W. (1997). “Osborne on the Fault Line: Jimmy Porter on the Postmodern Verge”, John Osborne: A Casebook, (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York, 61-70. Evdokimova, S. (2000). What’s so Funny about Losing One’s Estate, or Infantilism in The Cherry Orchard, The Slavic and East European Journal, 44/4, 623-648. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3086287. Fitzpatrick, F. E. (1977). The Church and The Cherry Orchard, America Magazine, 136/12, 266-267. Retrieved Dec. 17, 2016, from http://www.america. magazine.org. Foster, V. A. (1987). The Dramaturgy of Mood in Twelfth Night and The Cherry Orchard, Modern Language Quarterly, 48/2, 162-185. ---. (2003). The Name and Nature of Tragicomedy, Ashgate P, Aldershot. Gilleman, L. M. (1997). “The Logic of Anger and Despair: A Pragmatic Approach to John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger”, John Osborne: A Casebook. (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York, 71-90. ---. (2002). John Osborne: Vituperative Artist, Routledge, New York. Gilman, R, ed. (2002). Anton Chekhov: Plays, Penguin, London. Goldstone, H. (1982). Coping with Vulnerability: The Achievement of John Osborne, U P of America, Washington, 215-216. Innes, C.D. (2002). Modern British Drama: The Twentieth Century, Cambridge UP, Cambridge. Kroll, M. (1959). The Politics of Britain’s Angry Young Men, The Western Political Quarterly, 12/2, 555-57. Retrieved Jan. 24, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/ stable/443991. McVay, G. (1998). “Anton Chekhov”, Reference Guide to Russian Literature, (Ed: N. Cornwell), Fitzroy Dearborn P, Chicago. Popkin, C. (1993). The Pragmatics of Insignificance: Chekhov, Zoshchenko, Gogol, Stanford UP, Stanford. Quigley, A. E. (1997). “The Personal, the Political and the Postmodern in Osborne’s Look Back in Anger and Déjàvu”, John Osborne: A Casebook, (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York , 35-60. Remaley, P. P. (1973). Chekov’s The Cherry Orchard, South Atlantic Bulletin, 38/4, 16-20. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3197077. Russians Abroad. Russia. (1996). Imperial Expansion and Maturation: Catherine II. Retrieved Jan. 21, 2017, from http://www.russiansabroad.com/russian_ history_32.html. Salter, W. M. (1907). The Russian Revolution, International Journal of Ethics, 17/3, 301-316. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2016, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2376120. Senelick, L. (1997). The Chekhov Theatre: A Century of the Plays in Performance, Cambridge UP, Cambridge. Serbinenko, V.V. (1993). Russian Idea and Prospects for Democracy, Economic and Political Weekly, 28/51, 2793-2798. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2017, from http:// www.jstor.org/stable/ 4400554. Werth, A. (1925). Anton Chekhov, The Slavonic Review, 3/9, 622-44. Retrieved Jan. 5, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4201893. Whitaker, T. (1991). Mirrors of our Playing: Paradigms and Presences in Modern Drama, U of Michigan P, Michigan. Wyllie, A. (2001). Look Back in Anger, The Literary Encyclopedia. Retrieved Jan. 5, 2017, from http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=3921. 71
THE CHERRY ORCHARD VE LOOK BACK IN ANGER ADLI ESERLERDE SOSYAL SINIF, AYRIMCILIK VE SINIF ÇATIŞMASI TARTIŞMALARI
Öz
Chekhov’un The Cherry Orchard ve Osborne’un Look Back in Anger adlı eserleri farklı toplumlar ve dönemlerdeki sosyal sınıf, sosyal önyargı ve sınıfsal çatışmaları sergilemektedir. İlk eser 19. yy. Rus toplumunda orta sınıfın ortaya çıkmasından önce ve sonra işçi sınıfı ve üst sınıf arasında yaşanan çatışmaları yansıtırken, ikinci eser II. Dünya Savaşı sonrası İngiliz toplumunda işçi sınıfı ve üst orta sınıf arasındaki uyuşmazlığı gözler önüne sermektedir. Bu iki oyunda sosyal sınıf konusu açısından öne çıkan bazı benzerlik ve farklılıklar tespit edilebilir. Böylece, bu çalışmada, değişen sosyal değer ve rollerin bu bireyler üzerindeki etkisi vurgulanarak, farklı sınıflardan karakterlerin sosyal mücadeleleri ve birbirleriyle olan çelişkileri sorgulanacaktır, bu sebeple bu makalenin amacı iki farklı mekanı ve zamanı, sınıfsal anlaşmazlıklar açısından, bu sorunların sebep ve sonuçlarına değinerek incelemektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
The Cherry Orchard Look Back in Anger Sosyal Sınıf Ayrımcılık Sınıf Çatışması
Kaynakça
- 1.PRIMARY SOURCES: Chekhov, A. (1998). “The Cherry Orchard”, Anton Chekhov: Five Plays, Oxford UP, Oxford. (Original work published in 1904). Osborne, J. (1958). Look Back in Anger: A Play in three Acts, Faber and Faber, London. (Original work published in 1956). 2. SECONDARY SOURCES: Baehr, S. L. (1999). The Machine in Chekhov’s Garden: Progress and Pastoral in the Cherry Orchard, The Slavic and East European Journal, 43/1, 99-121. Retrieved Dec. 10, 2016, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/309908. Bond, P. (1999). Look Back in Anger by John Osborne. World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2017, from http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/sep1999/ look-s14.shtml. Deer, I. (1958). Speech as Action in Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard, Educational Theatre Journal, 10/1, 30-34. Retrieved Jan. 12, 2017, from http://www.jstor. org/stable/3204231. Demastes, W. W. (1997). “Osborne on the Fault Line: Jimmy Porter on the Postmodern Verge”, John Osborne: A Casebook, (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York, 61-70. Evdokimova, S. (2000). What’s so Funny about Losing One’s Estate, or Infantilism in The Cherry Orchard, The Slavic and East European Journal, 44/4, 623-648. Retrieved Jan. 15, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3086287. Fitzpatrick, F. E. (1977). The Church and The Cherry Orchard, America Magazine, 136/12, 266-267. Retrieved Dec. 17, 2016, from http://www.america. magazine.org. Foster, V. A. (1987). The Dramaturgy of Mood in Twelfth Night and The Cherry Orchard, Modern Language Quarterly, 48/2, 162-185. ---. (2003). The Name and Nature of Tragicomedy, Ashgate P, Aldershot. Gilleman, L. M. (1997). “The Logic of Anger and Despair: A Pragmatic Approach to John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger”, John Osborne: A Casebook. (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York, 71-90. ---. (2002). John Osborne: Vituperative Artist, Routledge, New York. Gilman, R, ed. (2002). Anton Chekhov: Plays, Penguin, London. Goldstone, H. (1982). Coping with Vulnerability: The Achievement of John Osborne, U P of America, Washington, 215-216. Innes, C.D. (2002). Modern British Drama: The Twentieth Century, Cambridge UP, Cambridge. Kroll, M. (1959). The Politics of Britain’s Angry Young Men, The Western Political Quarterly, 12/2, 555-57. Retrieved Jan. 24, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/ stable/443991. McVay, G. (1998). “Anton Chekhov”, Reference Guide to Russian Literature, (Ed: N. Cornwell), Fitzroy Dearborn P, Chicago. Popkin, C. (1993). The Pragmatics of Insignificance: Chekhov, Zoshchenko, Gogol, Stanford UP, Stanford. Quigley, A. E. (1997). “The Personal, the Political and the Postmodern in Osborne’s Look Back in Anger and Déjàvu”, John Osborne: A Casebook, (Ed: P. D. Denison), Garland P, New York , 35-60. Remaley, P. P. (1973). Chekov’s The Cherry Orchard, South Atlantic Bulletin, 38/4, 16-20. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3197077. Russians Abroad. Russia. (1996). Imperial Expansion and Maturation: Catherine II. Retrieved Jan. 21, 2017, from http://www.russiansabroad.com/russian_ history_32.html. Salter, W. M. (1907). The Russian Revolution, International Journal of Ethics, 17/3, 301-316. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2016, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2376120. Senelick, L. (1997). The Chekhov Theatre: A Century of the Plays in Performance, Cambridge UP, Cambridge. Serbinenko, V.V. (1993). Russian Idea and Prospects for Democracy, Economic and Political Weekly, 28/51, 2793-2798. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2017, from http:// www.jstor.org/stable/ 4400554. Werth, A. (1925). Anton Chekhov, The Slavonic Review, 3/9, 622-44. Retrieved Jan. 5, 2017, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4201893. Whitaker, T. (1991). Mirrors of our Playing: Paradigms and Presences in Modern Drama, U of Michigan P, Michigan. Wyllie, A. (2001). Look Back in Anger, The Literary Encyclopedia. Retrieved Jan. 5, 2017, from http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=3921. 71
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sanat ve Edebiyat |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 24 Mayıs 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Sayı: 28 |