Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study

Şemseddin Gündüz; Ahmet Tayfur Akcan; Bekir Yildirim; Hasan Kazak

doi:10.17275/per.26.28.13.2

Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study

Abstract

Rapid technological transformation and digitalization have reshaped labor markets by changing skill demands and affecting various types of unemployment. In this context, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education has gained prominence as a means of equipping individuals with 21st-century skills and improving employability. This study investigates teachers’ perceptions of STEM education’s impact on different unemployment types. A total of 45 teachers were selected through criterion sampling, and data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and analyzed with inductive content analysis within a structured qualitative design. Findings indicate that teachers view STEM education as reducing multiple unemployment types, especially involuntary, frictional, cyclical, structural, hidden, technological, and seasonal unemployment, by enhancing qualified human capital, fostering interdisciplinary skills, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation, and supporting adaptability and lifelong learning. However, participants noted its limited effect on natural and real wage unemployment. Expectations of higher wage demands and labor substitution by technology suggest STEM education may not significantly reduce voluntary or real wage unemployment and could even increase technological unemployment. Overall, STEM education is regarded as a strategic tool for improving employment outcomes, although its effectiveness depends on economic conditions and public policies, highlighting the need for future research using mixed methods and multiple stakeholders to better understand its relationship with labor market dynamics.

Keywords

STEM, unemployment, teacher, education

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Instructional Technologies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Şemseddin Gündüz ^*
0000-0003-1075-0043
Türkiye

Ahmet Tayfur Akcan
0000-0001-8210-7327
Türkiye

Bekir Yildirim
0000-0002-5374-4025
Türkiye

Hasan Kazak
0000-0003-0699-5371
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 8, 2026

Submission Date

October 4, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 12, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 13 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.28.13.2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA26SA48LS

APA

Gündüz, Ş., Akcan, A. T., Yildirim, B., & Kazak, H. (2026). Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study. Participatory Educational Research, 13(2), 248-269. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.28.13.2

AMA

1.Gündüz Ş, Akcan AT, Yildirim B, Kazak H. Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study. PER. 2026;13(2):248-269. doi:10.17275/per.26.28.13.2

Chicago

Gündüz, Şemseddin, Ahmet Tayfur Akcan, Bekir Yildirim, and Hasan Kazak. 2026. “Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study”. Participatory Educational Research 13 (2): 248-69. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.28.13.2.

EndNote

Gündüz Ş, Akcan AT, Yildirim B, Kazak H (March 1, 2026) Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study. Participatory Educational Research 13 2 248–269.

IEEE

[1]Ş. Gündüz, A. T. Akcan, B. Yildirim, and H. Kazak, “Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study”, PER, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 248–269, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.17275/per.26.28.13.2.

ISNAD

Gündüz, Şemseddin - Akcan, Ahmet Tayfur - Yildirim, Bekir - Kazak, Hasan. “Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study”. Participatory Educational Research 13/2 (March 1, 2026): 248-269. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.26.28.13.2.

JAMA

1.Gündüz Ş, Akcan AT, Yildirim B, Kazak H. Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study. PER. 2026;13:248–269.

MLA

Gündüz, Şemseddin, et al. “Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study”. Participatory Educational Research, vol. 13, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 248-69, doi:10.17275/per.26.28.13.2.

Vancouver

1.Şemseddin Gündüz, Ahmet Tayfur Akcan, Bekir Yildirim, Hasan Kazak. Effects of STEM Education on Unemployment Types: An Applied Science Case Study. PER. 2026 Mar. 1;13(2):248-69. doi:10.17275/per.26.28.13.2