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Computational Thinking Skills of Turkish and Indian Teacher Candidates: A Comparative Study

Yıl 2021, , 24 - 37, 27.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2021.8.1.226

Öz

The aim of this study is to compare computational thinking skills of teacher candidates who are educated in Turkey and India. For this purpose, 555 male and 212 female who are students in the Faculty of Education at a University in Turkey and, 239 male and 493 female who are students in Faculty of Education at University of Madras in India. Within the scope of the research, the “computer thinking skill levels scale" developed by Korkmaz, Çakır and Özden (2017) to measure the computer thinking skills of university students in Turkey was used. The scale consists of 29 items and five factors. The Cronbach alpha of Scale’ Turkish form is .822 and, Indian form is .769. Mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA analyses were run on the collected data. According to the results, computational thinking skills of Indian teacher candidates are generally quite high, whereas Turkish teacher candidates are moderately high, and in both groups the students' highest level in term of factors is creativity, and the lowest one is problem-solving skill.

Kaynakça

  • Atmatzidou, S., & Demetriadis, S. (2016). Advancing student' computational thinking skills through educational robotics: a study on age and gender relevant differences. Robotics and Autonomous System, 75(2016), 661-670.
  • Barcelos, T., & Silveira, I. (2012). Teaching computational thinking in initial series. Proc. CLEI 2012.
  • Barr, V., & Stephenson, C. (2011). Bringing computational thinking to K-12: What is involved and what is the role of the computer science education community? ACM Inroads, 2, 48–54.
  • Bower, M. & Falkner, K. (2015). Computational thinking, the notional machine, pre-service teachers, and research opportunities. Proceedings of th 17th Australasian Computing Education Conference, Sydney.
  • Brackmann, C. P., Román-González, M., Robles, G., Moreno-León, J., Casali, A. & Barone, D. (2017). Development of computational thinking skills through unplugged activities in primary school. In Proceedings of 12th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
  • Bundy, A. (2007). Computational thinking is pervasive. Journal of Scientific and Practical Computing, 1(2), 67–69.
  • Çiftci S., Çengel M. & Paf M. (2018). Reflective thinking skills on computational thinking and problem solving as a predictor of self-efficacy of informatics teacher candidates on programming. Ahi Evran University Journal of Edcuation Faculty, 19(1), 321-334
  • Curzon, P. (2015). Computational thinking: Searching to speak. Available at: http://teachinglondoncomputing.org/free-workshops/computational-thinkingsearching-to-speak/
  • Dogan, E., Tatsuoka, K. (2008). An international comparison using a diagnostic testing model: Turkish students’ profile of mathematical skills on TIMSS-R. Educational Study in Mathematics. 68(3), 263-272.
  • Doleck, T., Bazelais, P., Lenmay, D. J., Saxena, A. & Basnet, R. (2017). Algorithmic thinking, cooperativity, creativity, critical thinking, and problem solving exploring the relationship between computational thinking skills and academic performance, Journal of Computers in Education, 4.
  • Guzdial, M. (2008). Education paving the way for computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 51(8), 25-27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1378704.1378713
  • Hambrusch, S., Hoffmann, C., Korb, J. T., Haugan, M., and Hosking, A. L. (2009). A multidisciplinary approach towards computational thinking for science majors. In Proceedings of the 40th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE’09).
  • ISTE. (2015). CT leadership toolkit. Available at: http://www.iste.org/docs/ct-documents/ct-leadershipt-toolkit.pdf?sfvrsn=4.
  • Jaipal-Jamani, K., & Angeli, C. (2017). Effect of robotics on elementary preservice teachers’ self-efficacy, science learning, and computational thinking. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 26(2), 175–192. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9663-z
  • Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Smith, K. (2007). The state of cooperative learning in postsecondary and professional settings. Educational Psychology Review, 19(1), 15-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10648-006-9038-8.
  • Kanbay,Y., Aslan, Ö., Işık, E., & Kılıç, N.(20139. Problem solving and critical thinking skills of undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Higher Education and Science. 3(3), 244-251
  • Kawashima, N. & Shiomi, K. (2007). Factors of the thinking disposition of Japanese high school students. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(2), 187-194.
  • Korkmaz, Ö., Çakır, R., Özden, M.Y. (2017). A validity and reliability study of the computational thinking scales (CTS). Computers in Human Behaviours. 72, 558-569.
  • Lewandowski, G., Bouvier, D., McCartney, R.,Sanders, K. and Simon,B. (2007). Commonsense computing (episode 3): Concurrency and concert tickets. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Computing Education Research (ICER’07).
  • Maor, D. (2017). Using TPACK to develop digital pedagogues: a higher education experience. Journal of Computers in Education, 4(1), 71–86.
  • Orton, K., Weintrop, D., Beheshti, E., Horn, M., Jona, K., & Wilensky, U. (2016). Bringing computational thinking into high school mathmatics and science clasrooms. ICLS 2016 Proceedings (s. 705-712).
  • Shyamala C. K., ShunmugaVelayutham C., Parameswaran L. (2017). Teaching computational thinking to entry-level undergraduate engineering students at Amrita University. IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) Pp. 1731. 978-1-5090-5467-1/17 IEEE.
  • Soman, K. P., Kumar, S. S., Soumya, V., Shajeesh, K. U. (2012). Computational thinking skill with spreadsheet: Convolution, High precision computing and filtering of signals and images. International Journal of Computer Application, 60 (19).
  • Standl, B. (2016). A case study on cooperative problem-solving processes in small 9th grade student groups. IEEE global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Abu Dhabi (pp. 961–967).
  • Tümkaya, S., Aybek, B., Aldağ, A. (2009). An Investigation of university students’ critical thinking disposition and perceived problem-solving skills. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 36, 57-74
  • Wang Z., Liu J., Gu C., Hu Q., Wen X. (2013) Research of Computational thinking-driven teaching and innovative practice pattern. The 2013 World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Applied Computing Retrieved from http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2013/FEC2468.pdf
  • Wang, X., Schneider, C., & Valacich, J. S. (2015). Enhancing creativity in group collaboration: How performance targets and feedback shape perceptions and idea generation performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 42, 187–195.
  • Wing, J. (2011). Research notebook: Computational Thinking-What and why? The Link Magazine, Spring. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh. Retrieved from http://link.cs.cmu.edu/article.php?a=600
  • Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35.
  • Wing, J., Henderson, P., Hazzan, O., & Cortina, T. (2005). Computational thinking. Retrieved on April 21, 2016, from http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/usr/wing/www/ct-paper.pdf.
  • Workshop on Computing Education Research (ICER’07).
  • Yadav, A., Gretter, S., Good, J., & McLean, T. (2017). Computational thinking in teacher education. In Emerging research, practice, and policy on computational thinking (pp. 205-220). Springer, Cham.
  • Yadav, A., Hong, H. & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for all: Pedagogical approaches t embedding 21st century problem solving in K-12 classrooms. TechTrends, 60(6), 565-568.
  • Yadav, A., Mayfield, C., Zhou, N., Hambrusch, S., & Korb, J. T. (2014). Computational thinking in elementary and secondary teacher education. ACM Transactions on Computing Education. 14, 1. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2576872
  • Yadav, A., Stephenson, C. & Hong, H. (2017). Computational thinking for teacher education. Communication of ACM, 60 (4), 55-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/2994591
  • Yağcı, M. (2018). A Study on Computational thinking and high school students’ computational thinking skill levels. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(2), 81-96.
Yıl 2021, , 24 - 37, 27.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2021.8.1.226

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Atmatzidou, S., & Demetriadis, S. (2016). Advancing student' computational thinking skills through educational robotics: a study on age and gender relevant differences. Robotics and Autonomous System, 75(2016), 661-670.
  • Barcelos, T., & Silveira, I. (2012). Teaching computational thinking in initial series. Proc. CLEI 2012.
  • Barr, V., & Stephenson, C. (2011). Bringing computational thinking to K-12: What is involved and what is the role of the computer science education community? ACM Inroads, 2, 48–54.
  • Bower, M. & Falkner, K. (2015). Computational thinking, the notional machine, pre-service teachers, and research opportunities. Proceedings of th 17th Australasian Computing Education Conference, Sydney.
  • Brackmann, C. P., Román-González, M., Robles, G., Moreno-León, J., Casali, A. & Barone, D. (2017). Development of computational thinking skills through unplugged activities in primary school. In Proceedings of 12th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
  • Bundy, A. (2007). Computational thinking is pervasive. Journal of Scientific and Practical Computing, 1(2), 67–69.
  • Çiftci S., Çengel M. & Paf M. (2018). Reflective thinking skills on computational thinking and problem solving as a predictor of self-efficacy of informatics teacher candidates on programming. Ahi Evran University Journal of Edcuation Faculty, 19(1), 321-334
  • Curzon, P. (2015). Computational thinking: Searching to speak. Available at: http://teachinglondoncomputing.org/free-workshops/computational-thinkingsearching-to-speak/
  • Dogan, E., Tatsuoka, K. (2008). An international comparison using a diagnostic testing model: Turkish students’ profile of mathematical skills on TIMSS-R. Educational Study in Mathematics. 68(3), 263-272.
  • Doleck, T., Bazelais, P., Lenmay, D. J., Saxena, A. & Basnet, R. (2017). Algorithmic thinking, cooperativity, creativity, critical thinking, and problem solving exploring the relationship between computational thinking skills and academic performance, Journal of Computers in Education, 4.
  • Guzdial, M. (2008). Education paving the way for computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 51(8), 25-27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1378704.1378713
  • Hambrusch, S., Hoffmann, C., Korb, J. T., Haugan, M., and Hosking, A. L. (2009). A multidisciplinary approach towards computational thinking for science majors. In Proceedings of the 40th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE’09).
  • ISTE. (2015). CT leadership toolkit. Available at: http://www.iste.org/docs/ct-documents/ct-leadershipt-toolkit.pdf?sfvrsn=4.
  • Jaipal-Jamani, K., & Angeli, C. (2017). Effect of robotics on elementary preservice teachers’ self-efficacy, science learning, and computational thinking. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 26(2), 175–192. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9663-z
  • Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Smith, K. (2007). The state of cooperative learning in postsecondary and professional settings. Educational Psychology Review, 19(1), 15-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10648-006-9038-8.
  • Kanbay,Y., Aslan, Ö., Işık, E., & Kılıç, N.(20139. Problem solving and critical thinking skills of undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Higher Education and Science. 3(3), 244-251
  • Kawashima, N. & Shiomi, K. (2007). Factors of the thinking disposition of Japanese high school students. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(2), 187-194.
  • Korkmaz, Ö., Çakır, R., Özden, M.Y. (2017). A validity and reliability study of the computational thinking scales (CTS). Computers in Human Behaviours. 72, 558-569.
  • Lewandowski, G., Bouvier, D., McCartney, R.,Sanders, K. and Simon,B. (2007). Commonsense computing (episode 3): Concurrency and concert tickets. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Computing Education Research (ICER’07).
  • Maor, D. (2017). Using TPACK to develop digital pedagogues: a higher education experience. Journal of Computers in Education, 4(1), 71–86.
  • Orton, K., Weintrop, D., Beheshti, E., Horn, M., Jona, K., & Wilensky, U. (2016). Bringing computational thinking into high school mathmatics and science clasrooms. ICLS 2016 Proceedings (s. 705-712).
  • Shyamala C. K., ShunmugaVelayutham C., Parameswaran L. (2017). Teaching computational thinking to entry-level undergraduate engineering students at Amrita University. IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) Pp. 1731. 978-1-5090-5467-1/17 IEEE.
  • Soman, K. P., Kumar, S. S., Soumya, V., Shajeesh, K. U. (2012). Computational thinking skill with spreadsheet: Convolution, High precision computing and filtering of signals and images. International Journal of Computer Application, 60 (19).
  • Standl, B. (2016). A case study on cooperative problem-solving processes in small 9th grade student groups. IEEE global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Abu Dhabi (pp. 961–967).
  • Tümkaya, S., Aybek, B., Aldağ, A. (2009). An Investigation of university students’ critical thinking disposition and perceived problem-solving skills. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 36, 57-74
  • Wang Z., Liu J., Gu C., Hu Q., Wen X. (2013) Research of Computational thinking-driven teaching and innovative practice pattern. The 2013 World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Applied Computing Retrieved from http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2013/FEC2468.pdf
  • Wang, X., Schneider, C., & Valacich, J. S. (2015). Enhancing creativity in group collaboration: How performance targets and feedback shape perceptions and idea generation performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 42, 187–195.
  • Wing, J. (2011). Research notebook: Computational Thinking-What and why? The Link Magazine, Spring. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh. Retrieved from http://link.cs.cmu.edu/article.php?a=600
  • Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35.
  • Wing, J., Henderson, P., Hazzan, O., & Cortina, T. (2005). Computational thinking. Retrieved on April 21, 2016, from http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/usr/wing/www/ct-paper.pdf.
  • Workshop on Computing Education Research (ICER’07).
  • Yadav, A., Gretter, S., Good, J., & McLean, T. (2017). Computational thinking in teacher education. In Emerging research, practice, and policy on computational thinking (pp. 205-220). Springer, Cham.
  • Yadav, A., Hong, H. & Stephenson, C. (2016). Computational thinking for all: Pedagogical approaches t embedding 21st century problem solving in K-12 classrooms. TechTrends, 60(6), 565-568.
  • Yadav, A., Mayfield, C., Zhou, N., Hambrusch, S., & Korb, J. T. (2014). Computational thinking in elementary and secondary teacher education. ACM Transactions on Computing Education. 14, 1. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2576872
  • Yadav, A., Stephenson, C. & Hong, H. (2017). Computational thinking for teacher education. Communication of ACM, 60 (4), 55-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/2994591
  • Yağcı, M. (2018). A Study on Computational thinking and high school students’ computational thinking skill levels. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(2), 81-96.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Recep Çakır Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2641-5007

Salini Rosaline Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4674-8551

Özgen Korkmaz Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4359-5692

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Çakır, R., Rosaline, S., & Korkmaz, Ö. (2021). Computational Thinking Skills of Turkish and Indian Teacher Candidates: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 8(1), 24-37. https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2021.8.1.226