Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü (AK/AÖ)’nün Mekansal-Zamansal Değişimleri İle Yer Yüzey Sıcaklığı (YYS) Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi: Nilüfer, Bursa Örneği

Öz

Bursa’nın Nilüfer ilçesinde gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma, kentleşmenin boyutlarını ortaya koymak, su, vejetasyon, tarım arazileri gibi peyzaj öğelerinin değişimlerini izlemek, ve bunun Yer Yüzey Sıcaklığı (YYS) üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunun için Google Earth Engine (GEE) ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS)’den yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada Sentinel-2 uyduları tarafından çekilen 2017 ve 2022 yıllarındaki görüntüler kullanılmıştır. Bu görüntüler ile arazi değişimlerini anlamada yaygın olarak kullanılan spektral indekslerden NDVI (Normalize Edilmiş Fark Bitki Örtüsü İndeksi), SAVI (Toprakla Düzeltilmiş Bitki Örtüsü İndeksi), mNDWI (Modifiye Edilmiş Normalize Fark Su İndeksi) ve NDBI (Normalize Edilmiş Fark Yerleşim Alanı Indeksi) hesaplanmıştır. İlgili yıllar arası zaman serisi analizleri yapılmıştır. Arazideki değişimlerin yüzey sıcaklığı ile nasıl bir ilişkisi olduğu Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS görüntüleri ile YYS değeri hesaplanarak sorgulanmış ve indeksler ile YYS arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar 2017-2022 yılları arasında NDVI, SAVI ve mNDWI’nin azalma trendinde olduğunu göstermekte, buna karşılık NDBI’nin ise artma trendinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Yani sonuçlar, vejetasyon alanlarının ve su ile kaplı yüzeylerin azaldığını, yapılaşmış alanların ise arttığını göstermiştir. Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü (AKAÖ)’ndeki değişimlerin ilçenin batı ve güney bölgelerinde YYS’yi arttırdığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• NDVI
• SAVI
• mNDWI
• NDBI
• GEE
• Bursa

Evaluation Of The Relationship Between Spatial-Temporal Changes Of Land Use/Land Cover (Lulc) And Land Surface Temperature (Lst): A Case Study Of Nilüfer, Bursa

Öz

This study was carried out in Nilüfer district of Bursa in order to reveal the extent of urbanization, to monitor the changes in landscape elements such as water, vegetation and agricultural lands, and to examine the effects of this on Land Surface Temperature (LST). For this purpose, images taken by Sentinel-2 satellites in 2017 and 2022 were used. With these images, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), mNDWI (Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) and NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-up Index), which are widely used in understanding terrain changes, were calculated. Time series analyzes were made between the relevant years The relationship between the changes in the field and the surface temperature was questioned by calculating the LST value with Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS images, and the relations between the indexes and the LST were evaluated by correlation analysis. The results show that NDVI, SAVI, and mNDWI are on a decreasing trend between 2017-2022, while NDBI is on an increasing trend. In other words, the results showed that the vegetation areas and water-covered surfaces decreased, while the built-up areas increased. It has been observed that the changes in Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) increase the LST in the west and south regions of the district.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• NDVI
• SAVI
• mNDWI
• NDBI
• GEE
• Bursa

Kaynakça

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