Procurator Domitius Philippus ve İS. 3. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Nysa ad Maeandrum

Öz

Makale’de bir Karia kenti olan Nysa ad Maeandrum’da 1998 yılı agora kazıları sırasında bulun-muş bir yazıt tanıtılmaktadır. Yazıtta ducenarius seviyesinde atlı sınıfından bir procurator ve aynı zamanda da Nysa kentine logistes (curator rei publicae) olarak atanmış Domitius Philippus onur-landırılmaktadır. Bu kişi büyük bir ihtimalle procurator provinciae Asiae’dır. Domitius Phi-lippus’un kimliği belirsiz olmakla bir¬likte 1 Ocak 241’den Nisan 242’ye kadar Mısır’a praefectus Aegypti yerine alışılmadık bir şekilde stra¬te¬lates yani dux olarak gönderilen Cn. Domitius Phi-lippus (PIR2 D 157) ile aynı kişi olması ihtimal dahi¬lindedir. Domitius Philippus olasılıkla Asia Eyaleti’nde ducenarius seviyesinde finans procurator’u olarak görev yaptıktan sonra olağanüstü bir görevle Mısır’a gönderilmiştir. Domitius Philippus’u onur¬lan¬dıran kişi ise kent idaresinin en üst sınıfından protos arkhon M. Aurelius Attalos’tur. Bu şahısla ilgili olarak da makalede, kentten tanınan M. [Aur.] Apollonios III’ün iki oğlundan (Apollonios IV-Attalos) biri olan Attalos (BCH 7, 1883, no. 15) ile bağlantı kurulmaktadır. Gerek Domitius Philippus gerekse M. Aur. Attalos eşleştirmelerinden hareketle yazıt 230’lu yıllara tarihlenmektedir. Philippus logistes olarak görev yaptığı Nysa’da ktistes olarak adlandırılmıştır. Buradan yola çıkılarak olasılıkla kentte bazı yapı faaliyetlerini denetlemek ve bunlar için kaynak sağlamak amacıyla imparator tarafından kente gönderilmiş olmalıdır. Ancak Philippus’un kentte hangi yapıları yaptırdığı ve kentin bu dönemde hangi ekonomik nedenle bir logistes’e ihtiyaç duyduğu anlaşılamamaktadır. Bu noktada bazı öneri-lerin ardından birtakım 3. yüzyıl problemlerine değinilen makalede kentin, Asia Eyaleti’nin bölünmesinden bir süre önce, her ne kadar logistes desteğine ihtiyaç duysa da hala inşa faaliyetle-rine para ayırabilen bir konumda olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır. 

Yazıtın çevirisi şöyledir: «Son derece seçkin (kratistos) procurator ducenarius Augusti Domitius Philippus’u son derece parlak Nysa’lıların kenti, kendi kurucusu ve logistes’ini (onurlandırdı). Baş arkhon M. Aurelius Attalos ve grammateus’lar (kararın dikimiyle) ilgilendi».

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nysa,Domitius Philipus,procurator,logistes,Heykel kaidesi

The Procurator Domitius Philippus and Nysa ad Maeandrum in the First Half of the 3rd Century AD

Abstract

This article presents an inscription unearthed during the agora excavations at the Carian city of Nysa ad Maeandrum in 1998. It was set up in honour of a member of the equestrian rank: Domi-tius Philippus, procurator Augusti ducenarius and logistes (curator rei publicae). He was most probably a procurator provinciae Asiae. He may be identical with Cn. Domitius Philippus (PIR2 D 157), who was sent to Egypt as stratelates/dux between 1 January 241 and April 242 for an ext-raordinary mission, probably after he had held a financial procuratela with the rank of a ducenarius in the province Asia (perhaps with another procuratela in between). The protos archon M. Aureli-us Attalos, together with the grammateis, was responsible for the erection of the monument for Domitius Philippus. This M. Aurelius Attalos could be identical with Attalos, one of the sons (Apollonios IV-Attalos) of M. [Aur.] Apollonios III, and a member of the city elite (BCH 7, 1883, no. 15). If the identification of Domitius Philippus and M. Aur. Attalos is correct, the inscription can be dated to the 230s CE. Philippus received the title ktistes as a procurator and logistes at Ny-sa. Consequently, he may have been sent to this city by the emperor in order to control building activities and to find new resources for this purpose through examination of the city’s accounts. It is not known what construction projects Philippus may have been responsible for and why the city came to require a logistes for this work; however, it is known that the city spent a lot of money on building projects in the first and the second centuries CE. Having discussed some third-century problems, the author assumes that Nysa was still able at that time to provide money for construc-tion activities, but the city was in need of logistai.

Keywords

• Nysa,Domitius Philippus,procurator,logistes,Statue base

Kaynakça

1. Akdoğu-Arca 2016 E. N. Akdoğu-Arca, Iulius Iulianus Phrygia-Caria Eyaleti’nin İlk Valisi miy¬di?, in: B. Takmer – E. N. Akdoğu Arca – N. Gökalp Özdil (eds.), Vir doctus Anatolicus. Studies in Memory of Sencer Şahin, Istanbul 2016, 60–73.
2. Akın 2015 Y. Akın, Yazıtlar Işığında Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi Lykia, Pamphylia ve Pisidia’da curator rei publicae Olgusu, in: International Young Scholars Conference II: Mediterranean Anatolia, Antalya 4–7 November 2015 (in print).
3. Alston 1994 R. Alston, Roman Military Pay from Caesar to Diocletian, JRS 84, 1994, 113–23.
4. Barnes 1982 T. D. Barnes, The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine, Cambridge (Mass.) 1982.
5. Blümel 1995 W. Blümel, Inschriften aus Karien I, EA 25, 1995, 35–64.
6. Blümel 2007 W. Blümel, Inschriften aus Karien III, EA 40, 2007, 41–48.
7. Blümel et alii 2009 W. Blümel – C. Habicht – T. C. Brennan, Ehren für Cn. Domitius Calvinus in Nysa, ZPE 169, 2009, 157–161.
8. Brélaz 2005 C. Brélaz, La sécurité publique en Asie Mineure sous le Principat (Ier–IIIème s. ap. J.-C.), Basel 2005.

9. Burton 1979 G. P. Burton, The Curator Rei Publicae: Towards a Reappraisal, Chiron 9, 1979, 465–487.
10. Christol 1981 M. Christol, Observations complémentaires sur les carrières de Marcus Aurelius Hermogenes et de Pontius Eglectus Iulianus: Procurator a studis et magister a studis, ZPE 43 1981, 67–74.
11. Christol– Drew-Bear 1983 M. Christol – Th. Drew-Bear, Une délimitation de territoire en Phrygie-Carie, Travaux et recherches en Turquie 1982, Leuven 1983, 23–42.
12. Christol – Drew-Bear 1999 M. Christol – Th. Drew-Bear, Antioche de Pisidie, AnTard 7, 1999, 39–71.
13. Christol– Drew-Bear – Taşlıalan 2003 M. Christol – Th. Drew-Bear – M. Taşlıalan, Lucius Egnatius Victor Lollia¬nus, proconsul d’Asie, Anatolia Antiqua 11, 2003, 343–59.
14. Demougin 1990 S. Demougin, L. Lucilius Pansa Priscillianus Procurateur d’Asie, ZPE 81, 1990, 213–223.
15. Diest 1913 W. v. Diest, Nysa ad Maeandrum, Berlin 1913.
16. Dignas – Winter 2007 B. Dignas – E. Winter, Rome and Persia in Late Antiqutiy, New York 2007.
17. Dmitriev 2005 S. Dmitriev, City Government in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor, New York 2005.
18. Dmitriev 2001 S. Dmitriev, The End of provincia Asia, Historia 50, 2001, 468–489.
19. Drijvers 2009 J. W. Drijvers, Rome and the Sasanid Empire: Confrontation and Coexistence, in: P. Rousseau (ed.), A Companion to Late Antiquity, Oxford 2009, 441–454.
20. Dönmez-Öztürk – Haensch – Öztürk – Weiß 2008a F. Dönmez-Öztürk – R. Haensch – H. S. Öztürk – P. Weiß, Aus dem Pera Museum (Istanbul): Weitere Gewichte mit Nennung von Statthaltern von Pontus et Bithynia, Chiron 38, 2008, 243–259.
21. Dönmez-Öztürk – Haensch – Öztürk – Weiß 2008b F. Dönmez-Öztürk – R. Haensch – H. S. Öztürk – P. Weiß, Aus dem Halûk Perk Museum (Istanbul): Ein weiteres Gewicht mit Nennung eines Statthalters von Pontus et Bithynia, Chiron 38, 2008, 261–265.
22. Gökalp-Özdil 2015 N. Gökalp-Özdil, A new Honorary Decree from Nysa ad Maeandrum, Philia 1, 2015, 146–152.
23. Gökalp-Özdil 2016 N. Gökalp Özdil, The Heavy Athlete M. Aurelius Eutychiōn from Nysa, Philia 2, 2016, 163–176.
24. Haensch– Weiss 2005 R. Haensch – P. Weiß, Weitere Gewichte mit Nennung von Statthaltern von Pontus et Bithynia, Chiron 35, 2005, 443–498.
25. Haensch– Weiss 2007 R. Haensch – P. Weiß, Statthaltergewichte aus Pontus et Bithynia. Neue Exemplare und neue Erkenntnisse, Chiron 37, 2007, 183–218.
26. Haensch– Weiss 2014 R. Haensch – P. Weiß, Weitere Statthaltergewichte von Nikomedeia. Neue Ergebnisse zur Stadt- und Reichsgeschichte, Chiron 44, 2014, 513–549.
27. Hauken 1998 T. Hauken, Petition and Response. An Epigraphic Study of Petitions to Roman Emperors, 181–249, Bergen 1998.
28. Hekster 2008 O. Hekster with Nicholas Zair, Rome and its Empire, AD 193–284, Edinburgh 2008.
29. Jördens 2009 A. Jördens, Statthalterliche Verwaltung in der römischen Kaiserzeit, Studien zum praefectus Aegypti, Stuttgart 2009.
30. Kadıoğlu 2006 M. Kadıoğlu, Die Scenae frons des Theaters von Nysa am Mäander. Forschungen in Nysa am Mäander I, Mainz 2006.
31. Kadıoğlu 2014 M. Kadıoğlu, Das Gerontikon von Nysa am Mäander. Forschungen in Nysa am Mäander III, Darmstadt 2014.
32. Kantor 2011 G. Kantor, Procuratorial Jurisdiction in the Lex Portorii Asiae, ZPE 179, 2011, 155–158.
33. Katsari 2011 C. Katsari, The Roman Monetary System: The Eastern provinces from the First to the Third Century AD, Cambridge 2011.
34. Kettenhofen 1983 E. Kettenhofen, The Persian campaign of Gordian III and the inscription of Sahpuhr I at the “Ka’be-ye Zartošt”, in: S. Mitchell (ed.), Armies and Frontiers in Roman and Byzantine Anatolia, Oxford 1983, 151–71.
35. Lane 2, 1975 E. N. Lane, Corpus Monumentum Religionis Dei Menis (CMRDM) II, The Coins and Gems, Leiden 1975.
36. Liebenam 1897 W. Liebenam, Curator Rei Publicae, Philologus 56, 1897, 290–325.
37. Loriot 2007 X. Loriot, Duces et Correctores en Égypte au IIIe siècle de notre ère, Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz, 18, 2007, 101–113.
38. Malay 1988 H. Malay, Letters of Pertinax and the Proconsul Aemilius Juncus to the City of Tabala, EA 12, 1988, 47–52
39. Mason 1974 H. J. Mason, Greek Terms for Roman Institutions. A Lexicon and Analysis, Toronto 1974.
40. Mennen 2011 I. Mennen, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193–284, Impact of Empire 12, Leiden – Boston 2011.
41. Mitchell 1999 S. Mitchell, The Administration of Asia Minor from 133 BC to AD 250, in: W. Eck (ed.), Lokale Autonomie und römische Ordnungsmacht in den kaiserzeitlichen Provinzen vom 1. bis 3. Jahrhundert, Munich 1999, 17–46.
42. Öztaner – Akdoğu Arca – Gökalp Özdil 2014 S. H. Öztaner – E. N. Akdoğu Arca – N. Gökalp Özdil, Nysa Ad Mae-and¬rum’daki Yeni Bulgular Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme, in: In Memoriam Filiz Öktem, Ankara 2014 (Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları no. 415), 225–246.
43. Parsons 1970 P. J. Parsons, M. Aurelius Zeno Januarius, in: D. H. Samuel (ed.), Proceedings of the XIIth International Congress of Papyrology 1968, Am. Stud. Pap., 7, Toronto 1970, 389–97.
44. Pflaum 1960 H.-G. Pflaum, Les carrières procuratoriennes équestres sous le Haut-Empire romain I–II, Paris 1960.
45. Rea 1970 J. Rea, Cn. Domitius Philippus, praefectus vigilum, dux, in: D. H. Samuel (ed.), Proceedings of the XIIth International Congress of Papyrology 1968, Am. Stud. Pap., 7, Toronto 1970, 427–29.
46. Regling 1913 K. Regling, Überblick über die Münzprägung von Nysa, in: W. v. Diest, Nysa ad Maeandrum, Berlin 1913, 70–103.
47. Rémy 1976 B. Rémy, La carrière de Q. Aradius Rufinus Optatus Aelianus, Historia 25, 1976, 458–477.
48. Reynolds 1982 J. Reynolds, Aphrodisias and Rome, London 1982.
49. Ritti 2007 T. Ritti, Iscrizioni pertinenti all’edificio teatrale di Hierapolis, in: D. De Bernardi Ferrero – G. Ciotta – R. Pensabene (eds.) Restauro, architettura ed epigrafia, Il teatro di Hierapolis di Frigia, Genova 2007, 389–439.
50. Robert 1952 L. Robert, La ville d’Evhippe en Carie, CRAI 1952, 588–599.
51. Roueché 1981 Ch. Roueché, Rome, Asia and Aphrodisias in the Third Century, JRS 71, 1981, 103–120.
52. Roueché 2004 Ch. Roueché, Aphrodisias in Late Antiquity: The Late Roman and Byzantine Inscriptions, 22004, .
53. Sartre 1995 M. Sartre, L’Asie Mineure et l’Anatolie d’Alexandre à Dioclétien, Paris 1995.
54. Sherk 1992 R. K. Sherk, The Eponymous Officials of Greek Cities IV. The Register Part III: Thrace, Black Sea Area, Asia Minor (Continued), ZPE 93, 1992, 223–272.
55. Sordi 1981 M. Sordi, Ancora su Cn. Domitius Philippus, praefectus vigilum a Roma e dux in Egitto, in: E. Bresciani et alii (eds.), Scritti in onore di O. Montevecchi, Bologna 1981, 379–383.
56. Southern 2004 P. Southern, The Roman Empire From Severus to Constantine, London –New York 2004.
57. Spoerri Butcher 2006 M. Spoerri Butcher, Roman Provincial Coinage Volume VII: De Gordien Ier à Gordien III, 1. Province d’Asie, London – Paris 2006.
58. Strocka – Hoffmann – Hiesel 2012 V. M. Strocka– S. Hoffmann – G. Hiesel, Die Bibliothek von Nysa am Mäander. Forschungen in Nysa am Mäander II, Darmstadt – Mainz 2012.
59. Strubbe1987 J. H. M. Strubbe, The Sitonia in the Cities of Asia Minor under the Principate I, EA 10, 1987, 45–82.
60. Stein 1950 A. Stein, Die Präfekten von Ägypten in der Römischen Kaiserzeit, Bern 1950.
61. Thomasson 1984 and 2009 B. E. Thomasson, Laterculi Praesidum I, Goteborg 1984. Addenda et corrigenda ad vol. I, Göteborg 2009.
62. Varinlioğlu – French 1991 E. Varinlioğlu – D. H. French, Four Milestones from Ceramus, REA 93, 1991, 123–137.