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Corona Virus Disease-2019 Symptoms and Protective Strategies

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 4, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.852802

Öz

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic that causes health and social crisis all around the world. Firstly, COVID-19 was determined in Wuhan City, Hubei Province in South China. The virus spread to all continents and affecting many countries.
On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 to be a public health emergency of international concern.
In this review, the current symptoms, clinical characteristics, treatments and prevention of COVID-19 that in the world the disease has caused varying degrees of illness were summarized. The symptoms of COVID-19 patients usually have fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The treatment of disease is general treatment by using antiviral drugs, vitamins, oxygen therapy. However, it is vital to determine suspected people as soon as possible and isolate them to prevent the potential transmission of infection to other patients and health care staff.

Kaynakça

  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation Report - 12. 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 Accessed March 2020.
  • Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 20;382(8):727-733.
  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus. 2020. https://www.who.int.health-topics.coronavirus Accessed Feb 2020.
  • Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 26;382(13):1199-1207. DOI.10.1056NEJMOA2001316.
  • National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China. Prevent guideline of 2019-nCoV.2020.http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqfkdt/202001/bc661e49b5bc487dba182f5c49ac445b.shtml. Accessed 1 Feb 2020.
  • Su S, Wong G, Shi W, Liu J, Lai ACK, Zhou J, et al. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trend Microbial. 2016; 24:490–502.
  • Chen Y, Liu Q, Guo. D. Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis. J Med Virol. 2020 Apr;92(4):418-423. DOI.10.1002jmv.25681.
  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) –China. 2020. https://www.who.int.csr.don.12- january-2020-novelcoronavirus-China.en Accessed 1 Feb 2020.
  • Cui J, Li F, Shi ZL. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019;17:181-92.
  • Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 8;367(19):1814-1820. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211721.
  • World Health Organization Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19), https://www.who.int.news-room.q-a-detail.q-a-coronaviruses. Accessed March 2020.
  • Suganthan N. 2019. Covid-19. Jaffna Medical Journal. 2019;31(2):3–8. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/jmj.v31i2.72
  • Chang TH, Wu JL, Chang LY. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of pediatric COVID-19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Formos Med Assoc. 2020 May;119(5):982-989. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.007.
  • Hafeez A, Ahmad S, Siddqui S, Ahmad M, Mishra S. A Review of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) Diagnosis, treatments and prevention. EJMO. 2020;4(2):116-125. DOI:10.14744ejmo.2020.90853
  • Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. 2020. http://www.chinacdc.cn/yw.9324/202001/t20200127_211469. Accessed 27 Jan 2020.
  • Wang C, Wang X. Prevalence, nosocomial infection and psychological prevention of novel coronavirus infection. Chin General Pract Nurs. 2020. DOI: 10.20944/preprints202002.0060.v1
  • Lu H, Tang CW, Tang Y. Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan China: the mystery and the miracle. J Med Virol. 2020. DOI.org/10.1002. jmv.25678
  • Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang, XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin. bioRxiv 2020.01.22.914952; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.22.914952
  • Lotfi M, Hamblin MR, Rezaei N. COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities. Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Sep;508:254-266. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.044.
  • Karcıoğlu Ö. What is Coronaviruses, and how can we protect ourselves? Phnx Med J. 2020;2(1):66-71.
  • Liu T, Hu J, Kang M, Lin L, Zhong H, Xiao J, et al. Transmission dynamics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 2020. BioRxiv 2020.01.25.919787; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.25.919787
  • Gralinski LE, Menachery VD. Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses. 2020;12(2):135. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020135
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus. Available from: https:who.int/health-topics/coronavirus Accessed 13 Feb 2020.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus symptoms and diagnosis. https://www.cdc.gov.corona virus about symptoms.html. Accessed 22 Dec 2020.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) situation report: https://www.who.int/ docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200213-sitre p-24-covid-19.pdf.Accessed 20 April 2020.
  • Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):470–473.
  • World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report:21 https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200210-sitrep-21-ncov .947679ef. 2 Accessed 10 Feb 2020.
  • John Hopkins University. 2019-nCoV global cases by John Hopkins CSSE. https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/bda7594740fd40299423467b4 8e9ecf6 Accessed 2 Feb 2020.
  • World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public. Available from: https:www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-publi c. Accessed 17 Feb 2020
  • Liu X, Liu C, Liu G, Luo W, Xia N. COVID-19: Progress in diagnostics, therapy and vaccination. Theranostics. 2020 Jun 19;10(17):7821-7835.
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao Jianping, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395:497–506. DOI.10.1016/S0140–6736(20)30183–5
  • Umakanthan S, Sahu P, Ranade AV, Bukelo MM, Rao JS, Abrahao-Machado LF, et al. Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Postgrad Med J. 2020 Dec;96(1142):753-758.
  • Wang SX, Wang Y, Lu YB, Li JY, Song YJ, Nyamgerelt M, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of integrative medicine. 2020:18(4), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.04.001
  • National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial Version 7) http://en.nhc.gov.cn/2020-03/29/c_78469.htm
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment guidelines. National Institutes of Health. https://covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/introduction/. Accessed June 26, 2020.
  • Taleghani N, Taghipour F. Diagnosis of COVID-19 for controlling the pandemic: A review of the state-of-the-art. Biosens Bioelectron. 2021;Feb 15;174:112830.
  • WHO Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19. 5 June 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332293/WHO-2019-nCov-IPC_Masks-2020.4-eng.pdf?sequence=1&%3BisAllowed=y
  • The Lancet. COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30644-9
  • Yüce M, Filiztekin E, Özkaya KG. COVID-19 diagnosis -A review of current methods. Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Jan 15;172:112752. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2020.112752.

COVID-19 Pandemisinin Hastalık Belirtileri ve Korunma Yolları

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 4, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.852802

Öz

COVID-19 tüm dünyada sağlık ve sosyal krize neden olan dünya çapında bir salgındır. COVID-19, ilk olarak Hubei Eyaleti’nin Wuhan şehrinde Güney Çin'de tespit edildi. Virüs tüm kıtalara yayıldı ve birçok ülkeyi etkiledi.
30 Ocak 2020'de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, COVID-19'un patlak vermesini uluslararası ciddi bir halk sağlığı acil durumu olduğunu ilan etti.
Bu makalede dünyada çeşitli derecelerde hastalıklara neden olan COVID-19'un mevcut semptomları, klinik özellikleri, tedavileri ve önlenmesi özetlenmiştir. COVID-19 hastalarının belirtileri genellikle ateş, öksürük, boğaz ağrısı, nefes darlığı, yorgunluk, ve halsizlik. Antiviral ilaçlar, vitaminler, oksijen tedavisi genel tedavi yöntemidir. Ancak, en kısa sürede şüpheli kişilerin belirlenmesi ve diğer hastalar ve sağlık personeline enfeksiyonun bulaşmasını önlemek ve onları izole etmek hayati önem taşımaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation Report - 12. 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 Accessed March 2020.
  • Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 20;382(8):727-733.
  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus. 2020. https://www.who.int.health-topics.coronavirus Accessed Feb 2020.
  • Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020 Mar 26;382(13):1199-1207. DOI.10.1056NEJMOA2001316.
  • National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China. Prevent guideline of 2019-nCoV.2020.http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqfkdt/202001/bc661e49b5bc487dba182f5c49ac445b.shtml. Accessed 1 Feb 2020.
  • Su S, Wong G, Shi W, Liu J, Lai ACK, Zhou J, et al. Epidemiology, genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses. Trend Microbial. 2016; 24:490–502.
  • Chen Y, Liu Q, Guo. D. Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis. J Med Virol. 2020 Apr;92(4):418-423. DOI.10.1002jmv.25681.
  • World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) –China. 2020. https://www.who.int.csr.don.12- january-2020-novelcoronavirus-China.en Accessed 1 Feb 2020.
  • Cui J, Li F, Shi ZL. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019;17:181-92.
  • Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 8;367(19):1814-1820. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211721.
  • World Health Organization Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19), https://www.who.int.news-room.q-a-detail.q-a-coronaviruses. Accessed March 2020.
  • Suganthan N. 2019. Covid-19. Jaffna Medical Journal. 2019;31(2):3–8. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/jmj.v31i2.72
  • Chang TH, Wu JL, Chang LY. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of pediatric COVID-19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Formos Med Assoc. 2020 May;119(5):982-989. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.007.
  • Hafeez A, Ahmad S, Siddqui S, Ahmad M, Mishra S. A Review of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) Diagnosis, treatments and prevention. EJMO. 2020;4(2):116-125. DOI:10.14744ejmo.2020.90853
  • Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. 2020. http://www.chinacdc.cn/yw.9324/202001/t20200127_211469. Accessed 27 Jan 2020.
  • Wang C, Wang X. Prevalence, nosocomial infection and psychological prevention of novel coronavirus infection. Chin General Pract Nurs. 2020. DOI: 10.20944/preprints202002.0060.v1
  • Lu H, Tang CW, Tang Y. Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan China: the mystery and the miracle. J Med Virol. 2020. DOI.org/10.1002. jmv.25678
  • Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang, XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin. bioRxiv 2020.01.22.914952; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.22.914952
  • Lotfi M, Hamblin MR, Rezaei N. COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities. Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Sep;508:254-266. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.044.
  • Karcıoğlu Ö. What is Coronaviruses, and how can we protect ourselves? Phnx Med J. 2020;2(1):66-71.
  • Liu T, Hu J, Kang M, Lin L, Zhong H, Xiao J, et al. Transmission dynamics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 2020. BioRxiv 2020.01.25.919787; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.25.919787
  • Gralinski LE, Menachery VD. Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses. 2020;12(2):135. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020135
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus. Available from: https:who.int/health-topics/coronavirus Accessed 13 Feb 2020.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus symptoms and diagnosis. https://www.cdc.gov.corona virus about symptoms.html. Accessed 22 Dec 2020.
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) situation report: https://www.who.int/ docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200213-sitre p-24-covid-19.pdf.Accessed 20 April 2020.
  • Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):470–473.
  • World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report:21 https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200210-sitrep-21-ncov .947679ef. 2 Accessed 10 Feb 2020.
  • John Hopkins University. 2019-nCoV global cases by John Hopkins CSSE. https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/bda7594740fd40299423467b4 8e9ecf6 Accessed 2 Feb 2020.
  • World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public. Available from: https:www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-publi c. Accessed 17 Feb 2020
  • Liu X, Liu C, Liu G, Luo W, Xia N. COVID-19: Progress in diagnostics, therapy and vaccination. Theranostics. 2020 Jun 19;10(17):7821-7835.
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao Jianping, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395:497–506. DOI.10.1016/S0140–6736(20)30183–5
  • Umakanthan S, Sahu P, Ranade AV, Bukelo MM, Rao JS, Abrahao-Machado LF, et al. Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Postgrad Med J. 2020 Dec;96(1142):753-758.
  • Wang SX, Wang Y, Lu YB, Li JY, Song YJ, Nyamgerelt M, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of integrative medicine. 2020:18(4), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.04.001
  • National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial Version 7) http://en.nhc.gov.cn/2020-03/29/c_78469.htm
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment guidelines. National Institutes of Health. https://covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/introduction/. Accessed June 26, 2020.
  • Taleghani N, Taghipour F. Diagnosis of COVID-19 for controlling the pandemic: A review of the state-of-the-art. Biosens Bioelectron. 2021;Feb 15;174:112830.
  • WHO Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19. 5 June 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332293/WHO-2019-nCov-IPC_Masks-2020.4-eng.pdf?sequence=1&%3BisAllowed=y
  • The Lancet. COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30644-9
  • Yüce M, Filiztekin E, Özkaya KG. COVID-19 diagnosis -A review of current methods. Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Jan 15;172:112752. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2020.112752.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Dogan Ozdemir 0000-0002-6698-1329

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ocak 2021
Kabul Tarihi 12 Şubat 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Ozdemir D. Corona Virus Disease-2019 Symptoms and Protective Strategies. Phnx Med J. 2021;3(1):1-4.

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