SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Their Properties

Öz

Since its first detection in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in the morbibidity of 174 million and mortality of 3.74 million people. As a typical Ribo nucleic acid virus, SARS-CoV-2 undergoes genomic changes during its replication to maintain its evolutionary adaptation. Continous mutation has led into the emergence of numerous variants. Currently, the strains distinguished as the ‘Variants of Concern’ are the B.1.1.7 lineage (The United Kingdom variant) , B.1.351 (The South African variant), B.1.1.248/B1.1.28/P1(Brazilian Variant) , B.1.427/B.1.429 lineage (The Californian variant) and B.1.617.2 lineage (Indian variant). These variants impose a huge concern due to their properties of higher transmission and evasion of the immune system. The continuous emergence of such variants can be contained by vaccinating the population to reduce the circulation of the virus and by maintaining the major protective measures against the disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• SARS-CoV-2
• Variants of Concern
• Mutations
• Immune system

SARS-CoV-2 Endişe Verici Varyantları ve Özellikleri

Öz

Aralık 2019'da tespit edilmesinden bu yana, SARS-CoV-2, 174 milyon insanın morbiditesine ve 3.74 milyon insanın mortalitesine neden olmuştur. Tipik bir Ribo nükleik asit virüsü olarak, SARS-CoV-2, evrimsel adaptasyonunu korumak için replikasyon sırasında genomik değişikliklere uğrar. Zaman içindeki sürekli mutasyonlar, çok sayıda varyantın ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Şu anda, ‘Endişe Verici Varyantları’ olarak ayırt edilen varyantlar B. 1.1.7 soyu (Birleşik Krallık varyantı), B. 1.351 (Güney Afrika varyantı), B. 1.1.248/B1.1.28/P1 (Brezilya varyantı), B. 1.427/B.1.429 soyu (Kaliforniya varyantı) ve B. 1.617.2 soyu (Hint varyantı) içermektedir. Bu Varyantlar, yüksek bulaşma özellikleri ve bağışıklık sisteminden kaçma yetenekleri nedeniyle büyük bir endişe yaratmaktadır. Bu tür varyantların sürekli ortaya çıkışı, virüsün dolaşımını azaltmak için popülasyonun aşılanması ve hastalığa karşı ana koruyucu önlemlerin sürdürülmesi ile kontrol edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• SARS-CoV-2
• Endişe verici Varyantlar
• Mutasyonlar
• Bağışıklık sistem

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