ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ И ВЛАСТНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В РЕГИОНАЛЬНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ ФЕОДАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕХАНИЗМА ПЕРИОДА ИНТЕГРАЦИИ СИБИРИ В СОСТАВ СТРАНЫ

Öz

The role of the state as the authority, connecting the central and the outlying territories of Russia by the means of state ideology and the central administration in one political whole is analysed in this article. It is also underlined that the governing of Siberia in the period of from the 17th to the beginning of the 18th centuries can be considered the result of cooperation between the central administration and the local community of the region. The organization of the regional administration according to the needs of the feudal state became one of the most important goals of the Russian government once Siberia had become a part of Russia. The organization was established taking into account the socio-economical backwardness of the Siberian tribes and the impossibility of their subordination to Russian laws. The first stage of the ‘state establishment’ in Siberia (end of the 16th – beginning of the 18th centuries) coincided with the period of the department system in the central administrative office and the voevode authority in the regions. If compare the voevode of the period to the deputies of 16th century, the latter governed for their own benefit while the voevodes were the executors of the central administrative office. The deputies represent the lowest stage of the development of Russian administrative system, while the centralization of power manifested itself only in the personal orders of tsar. However, voevodes represented the most developed centralized administrative system when the central office affected any outlaying territory. The next stage of this process was the institution of governors, who were actually the officials of the state, with certain responsibilities and a certain salary. The three institutions – deputy, voevode, governor – are the stages of one process, the process of development of the legal centralized administrative system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• state, Siberia, government, self-government, empire