Geopolitical Changes in the African Sahel Region and the Future of French Influence

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 4, 119 - 134, 01.12.2023

Ibrahim Nasser

https://doi.org/10.36360/1560-012-004-008

Öz

The Sahel region is confronted with complex issues such as humanitarian crises and the spread of various forms of extremism and violence. Furthermore, the region is facing unprecedented economic deterioration, rising poverty and unemployment, military coups, international competition, and deterioration in environmental and climatic conditions. The presence of Fransa caused radical social changes in the region's peoples' collective consciousness. Therefore, this study discusses the Sahel region's chronic crises while also providing geopolitical assessments of the region's international and regional conflicts and investigating the reasons for the region's traditional French role.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sahel Region, Crises, Geopolitical changes, France

التغيرات الجيوبولتيكية بمنطقة الساحل الإفريقي ومستقبل النفوذ الفرنسي

Öz

تعاني منطقة الساحل مشكلات معقدة، وتشهد أزمات إنسانية مختلفة، وانتشارًا للتطرف والعنف بصور متعددة، وتدهورًا اقتصاديًّا غير مسبوق، وتزايدًا في نسبة الفقر والبطالة، وانقلابات عسكرية متتالية، وتنافسًا دوليًّا، وتدهورًا في الظروف البيئية والمناخية، وتحولاتٍ اجتماعية جذرية طرأت على الوعي الجمعي لشعوب المنطقة تسببت في إشعال حالة من الحراك الثوري الرافض للوجود الفرنسي في دول الإقليم. ومن ثَمّ خُصِّصت هذه الدراسة لمناقشة الأزمات المزمنة التي تواجهها منطقة الساحل الإفريقي، فضلًا عن تقديم تقيمات جيوسياسية عن الصراع الدولي والإقليمي على المنطقة، وتستفسر عن أسباب تراجع الدور الفرنسي التقليدي في المنطقة.

Anahtar Kelimeler

الساحل الإفريقي, الأزمات, التغيرات الجيوبولتيكية, فرنسا

Kaynakça

• GLOBAL TERRORISM INDEX, (2023 ), “Global Terrorism Index 2023: Key findings in 5 Charts”, https://www.visionofhumanity.org/global-terrorism-index-2023-key-findings-in-5-charts/ (19.09.2023).
• Sherillyn Raga, Alberto Lemma and Jodie Keane»The Sahel Conflict: economic & security spillovers on West Africa http://cdn-odi-production.s3-website-eu-west-amazonaws.com/media/documents/Final_Sahel_spillover_effects_to_other_WA_countries_17Apr23.pdf
• DANIEL EIZENGA, (2019), “Long Term Trends Across Security And Development In The Sahel”, National Defense University, Washington D.C., .p, 9.
• The World Bank, “Climate-Smart Agriculture in Chad”, Climate-Smart Agriculture Country Profile, P, 2.
• Morten Bøås, (2019), “The Sahel Crisis and the Need for International Support”, pp, 11 – 31.
• Ahmet Berat ÇONKAR, “Development And Security Challenges In The Sahel Region”, NATO Parliamentary Assembly, p, 3.
• Israel Nyaburi NYADERA, M. Hamani MASSAOUD, (2019), “Elusive Peace and the Impact Of Ungoverned Space in the Sahel Conflict”, Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, https://www.iemed.org/publication/security-challenges-migration-instability-and-violent-extremism-in-the-sahel
• Wolfram Lacher, (2012), “organized crime and conflict in the sahel-sahara region”, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, p, 14
• European Union External Action Service, “Strategy for Security and Development in the Sahel”, https://www.eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/strategy_for_security_and_development_in_the_sahel_en_0.pdf
• Folahanmi Aina, (2021), “Mapping the contours of Jihadist groups in the Sahel”, King’s College london, https://www.kcl.ac.uk/mapping-thecontours-of-jihadist-groups-in-the-sahel, (03.10.2023)
• Gauri Narain Mathur, (2023), “Violent Extremism In Western Sahel”, https://Www.Icwa.In/Show_Content.Php?Lang=1&Level=3&Ls_Id=9739&Lid=6233, (02.10.2023).
• Muhammed Tandoğan and Omar Bouach )2017( “The Algerian Security Approach Towards the Sahel Region: Case Of Mali” Türkiyat Mecmuası, p, 315.
• Committee On Foreign Relations United States Senate, (2022), “Instability and The State of Democracy in The Sahel and the U.S. Policy Response”, https://L24.Im/Utwyq (10.07.2023).
• Moudassir OUMAR, (2021), “Policies and Security Strategies of G5 Sahel States against Terrorism”, : International Journal of Politics and Security (IJPS) / Vol. 3 / No. 3, pp. 203-229
• ibid
• Denis M. Tull, (2023), “France’s Africa Policy under President Macron”, german institute for international and security affairs, https://www.swpberlin.org/publications/products/comments/2023C51_AfricaPolicyMacron.pdf (09.10.2023).