Pliometrik Antrenmanın Hız, Çeviklik ve Sıçrama Performansı Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Modern futbolda fizyolojik değerlendirmeler, sadece yetişkinlerde değil, gençlerde de optimal performans için giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise, genç futbolculara uygulatılan pliometrik antrenmanın hız, çeviklik ve sıçrama parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmaya aynı futbol kulübü akademisinden 30 erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Katılımcılar deney (n = 15) ve kontrol (n = 15) grubu olmak üzere rastgele ayrılmıştır. Deney grubundaki katılımcılara 6 hafta boyunca futbola özgü antrenman ile kombine çeviklik merdivenli pliometrik antrenman uygulatılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ise futbol antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. İki gruplu randomize kontrollü dizayndaki bu çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğunu test etmek için Shapiro-Wilk testi uygulanmıştır. Etki büyüklükleri Cohen’s d kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, deney grubunun squat sıçrama testindeki deney öncesi ve sonrası değerlerinde ve deney-kontrol gruplarının squat sıçrama testleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p < .05). Ek olarak, 5 m sprint ve durarak uzun atlama testlerinin etki büyüklükleri yüksek düzeyde olduğundan, pliometrik antrenmanın sıçrama ve hız performansı üzerinde etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, pliometrik antrenman programları genç futbolcularda sıçrama ve hız performansını koruma veya iyileştirme için etkili egzersiz modaliteleri olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• pliometrik antrenman
• sıçrama
• hız

Kaynakça

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