The Relationship Between Functional Hopping Performance and Foot Posture Index in Elite female handball players

Öz

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between anatomical foot posture and functional jump performance in elite female handball players. The study was performed according to a randomized repeated measures crossover design. Twenty-nine volunteer elite female handball players (age 19.62 ± 1.18 years, height 174.31 ± 5.93 cm, weight 64.62 ± 5.08 kg and BMI 21.29 ± 1.70 kg/m²) participated in the study. Single leg hop for distance (SH), triple leg hop for distance (TH), crossover leg hop for distance (CH), medial side triple hop (MSTH), 90° medial rotation hop (MRH), single leg vertical jump (SLVJ) and counter movement jump (CMJ) tests were performed to determine the functional jump performance of the subjects. In addition, the foot posture of the subjects was evaluated with the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6). There were significant differences between the dominant (DS) and non-dominant (NDS) sides in SH, TH, MSTH, MRH tests. There was no significant difference between limb symmetry indexes (LSI) in jump tests. There was no significant difference between DS and NDS sides in FPI total scores, but there were significant relationships between some FPI-6 criteria and jump tests. Although the results showed that the subjects had differences in functional performance on the DS and NDS, the LSI values were within the safe range. In addition, it can be said that foot posture has an effect on functional jump performance in elite level female handball players.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• foot posture
• functional tests
• handball

Elit Kadın Hentbolcularda Fonksiyonel Sıçrama Performansı ile Ayak Postür İndeksi Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, elit kadın hentbolcularda anatomik ayak postürü ile fonksiyonel sıçrama performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemekti. Çalışma randomize tekrarlı ölçümler çapraz tasarımına göre gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya yirmi dokuz gönüllü elit kadın hentbol oyuncusu (yaş 19.62 ± 1.18 yıl, boy 174.31 ± 5.93 cm, ağırlık 64.62 ± 5.08 kg ve VKİ 21.29 ± 1.70 kg/m²) katıldı. Deneklerin fonksiyonel sıçrama performanslarını belirlemek için mesafe için tek bacak sıçrama (SH), mesafe için üçlü bacak sıçrama (TH), mesafe için çapraz bacak sıçrama (CH), medial yan üçlü sıçrama (MSTH), 90° medial rotasyon sıçrama (MRH), tek bacak dikey sıçrama (SLVJ) ve counter movement jump (CMJ) testleri uygulandı. Ayrıca, deneklerin ayak postürleri Ayak Postür İndeksi (FPI-6) ile değerlendirildi. SH, TH, MSTH, MRH testlerinde dominant (DS) ve dominant olmayan (NDS) taraflar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar vardı. Sıçrama testlerinde uzuv simetri indeksleri (LSI) arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. FPI toplam puanlarında DS ve NDS tarafları arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu, ancak bazı PFI-6 kriterleri ile atlama testleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler vardı. Sonuçlar, deneklerin DS ve NDS'deki fonksiyonel performanslarında farklılıklar olduğunu gösterse de, LSI değerleri güvenli aralıktaydı. Ayrıca, elit seviye kadın hentbolcularda ayak duruşunun fonksiyonel sıçrama performansı üzerinde etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ayak postürü
• fonksiyonel testler
• hentbol

Kaynakça

1. Aggarwal, A., Kulkarni, K. M., & Palekar, T. J. (2020). Evaluation of foot posture index in dominant and non-dominant leg among sprinters. Journal of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, 5(2), 2-4.
2. Belcic, I., Ocic, M., Dukaric, V., Knjaz, D., & Zoretic, D. (2023). Effects of One-Step and Three-Step Run-Up on Kinematic Parameters and the Efficiency of Jump Shot in Handball. Applied Sciences, 13(6), 3811.
3. Buldt, A. K., Allan, J. J., Landorf, K. B., & Menz, H. B. (2018). The relationship between foot posture and plantar pressure during walking in adults: a systematic review. Gait & posture, 62, 56-67.
4. Butler, L., Greenberg, E., Giampetruzzi, N., Link, M., Prati, V., Weaver, A., & Saper, M. (2024). Comparison of physical therapy utilization, timing of return-to-sport test completion, and hop test performance by age and between sexes in youth athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Physical Therapy in Sport, 67, 1-6.
5. Cadens, M., Planas-Anzano, A., Peirau-Terés, X., Bishop, C., Romero-Rodríguez, D., & Madruga-Parera, M. (2023). Relationship between Asymmetry Profiles and Jump Performance in Youth Female Handball Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 88, 5-16.
6. Carrasco-Fernández, L., García-Sillero, M., Jurado-Castro, J. M., Borroto-Escuela, D. O., García-Romero, J., & Benítez-Porres, J. (2023). Influence of limb dominance on body and jump asymmetries in elite female handball. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1-8.
7. Dauty, M., Menu, P., & Fouasson-Chailloux, A. (2020). Hamstring muscle injury prediction by isokinetic ratios depends on the method used. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 30(1), 40-45.
8. Dingenen, B., Truijen, J., Bellemans, J., & Gokeler, A. (2019). Test–retest reliability and discriminative ability of forward, medial and rotational single-leg hop tests. The Knee, 26(5), 978-987.

9. Di Paolo, S., Zaffagnini, S., Tosarelli, F., Grassi, A., & Della Villa, F. (2022). Beyond distance: a simple qualitative assessment of the single-leg hop test in return-to-play testing. Sports Health, 14(6), 906-911.
10. Drid, P., Drapsin, M., Trivic, T., & Milosevic Z. (2019). Asymmetry of muscle strength in elite athletes. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 1(1), 3-5.
11. Ermiş, E., Yilmaz, A. K., Kabadayi, M., Bostanci, Ö., Mayda, M. H. (2019). Bilateral and ipsilateral peak torque of quadriceps and hamstring muscles in elite judokas. Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions, 19(3), 286-293.
12. Heishman, A. D., Daub, B. D., Miller, R. M., Freitas, E. D., Frantz, B. A., & Bemben, M. G. (2020). Countermovement jump reliability performed with and without an arm swing in NCAA division 1 intercollegiate basketball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(2), 546-558.
13. Hermassi, S., Schwesig, R., Wollny, R., Fieseler, G., Van Der Tillaar, R., & Fernandez-Fernandez, J. (2018). Shuttle versus straight repeated-sprint ability tests and their relationship to anthropometrics and explosive muscular performance in elite handball players. Journal Sport Medicine Physical Fitness, 58(11), 1625-1634.
14. Hopper, D. M., Strauss, G. R., Boyle, J. J., & Bell, J. (2008). Functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a longitudinal perspective. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(8), 1535-1541.
15. Huang, P., Liang, M., & Ren, F. (2019). Assessment of Long‐Term Badminton Experience on Foot Posture Index and Plantar Pressure Distribution. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics, 2019(1), 1-7.
16. Jones, P. A., & Bampouras, T. M. (2010). A comparison of isokinetic and functional methods of assessing bilateral strength imbalance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(6), 1553-1558.
17. Kahraman, Y. (2023). Is there any weakness in sports performance in volleyball athletes regarding the correlation between foot posture index and lower limb functional hopping performance? Journal of the Foot & Ankle, 17(1), 8-15.
18. Kataria J, Kumar M. & Awasthi S. (2020). Correlation of foot posture Index-6 and navicular drop test with functional ankle stability in running athletes in New Delhi. Al Ameen Journal of Medical Sciences, 13(3), 191-196.
19. Lopezosa-Reca, E., Gijon-Nogueron, G., Garcia-Paya, I., & Ortega-Avila, A. B. (2018). Does the type of sport practised influence foot posture and knee angle? Differences between footballers and swimmers. Research in Sports Medicine, 26(3), 345-353.
20. Lopezosa-Reca, E., Gijon-Nogueron, G., Morales-Asencio, J. M., Cervera-Marin, J. A., & Luque-Suarez, A. (2020). Is there any association between foot posture and lower limb–related injuries in professional male basketball players? A cross-sectional study. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 30(1), 46-51.
21. Lugade, V., & Kaufman, K. (2014). Center of pressure trajectory during gait: a comparison of four foot positions. Gait & Posture, 40(4), 719-722.
22. Madruga-Parera, M., Bishop, C., Beato, M., Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Gonzalo-Skok, O., & Romero-Rodríguez, D. (2021). Relationship between interlimb asymmetries and speed and change of direction speed in youth handball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(12), 3482-3490.
23. Madsen, L. P., Booth, R. L., Volz, J. D., & Docherty, C. L. (2020). Using normative data and unilateral hopping tests to reduce ambiguity in return-to-play decisions. Journal of Athletic Training, 55(7), 699-706.
24. Martínez-Nova, A., Gómez-Blázquez, E., Escamilla-Martínez, E., Pérez-Soriano, P., Gijon-Nogueron, G., & Fernández-Seguín, L. M. (2014). The foot posture index in men practicing three sports different in their biomechanical gestures. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 104(2), 154-158.
25. McLaughlin, P., Vaughan, B., Shanahan, J., Martin, J., & Linger, G. (2016). Inexperienced examiners and the foot posture index: a reliability study. Manual therapy, 26, 238-240.
26. Measson, M. V., Ithurburn, M. P., & Rambaud, A. J. (2022). Intra-rater reliability of a qualitative landing scale for the single-hop test: a pilot study. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 17(3), 493.
27. Munro, A. G. & Herrington, L. C. (2011). Between-session reliability of four hop tests and the agility T-test. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 25(5), 1470-1477.
28. Peebles, A. T., Renner, K. E., Miller, T. K., Moskal, J. T., & Queen, R. M. (2019). Associations between distance and loading symmetry during return to sport hop testing. Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, 51(4), 626-629.
29. Redmond, A. C., Crosbie, J., & Ouvrier, R. A. (2006). Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: the Foot Posture Index. Clinical Biomechanics, 21(1), 89-98.
30. Robb, K. A., & Perry, S. D. (2024). The importance of foot posture when recording lower leg electromyography when walking in non-textured and textured foot orthoses. Journal of Biomechanics, 165 (1), 1-8.
31. Skandalis, V., Hatzimanouil, D., Giatsis, G., Stavropoulos, N., Semaltianou, E., & Sykaras, E. (2020). Knee joint bilateral symmetry evaluation in high-level handball players prior their return to playing. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(6), 3245-3252.
32. World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Jama, 310(20), 2191-2194.
33. Yang, J., Ou, Z., Mao, Z., Wang, Y., Zhong, Y., Dong, W., Shen, Z., & Chen, Z. (2022). Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 21168.
34. Yılmaz, A. K., Ermiş, E., Kabadayı, M., & Bostancı, Ö. (2020). Correlation of Upper and Lower Extremities Isokinetic Strength in Elite Male Judokas. Journal of Men's Health, 16(4), 141-152.
35. Zsakai, A., Zselyke Ratz-Sulyok, F., Jang-Kapuy, C., Petridis, L., Bakonyi, P., Dobronyi, T., Juhasz, I., & Szabo, T. (2024). Muscular robusticity and strength in the lower extremities in elite handball players. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 28883.