Kombine Uygulanan Kan Akışı Kısıtlama Terabant Antrenmanının Fonksiyonel Kapasite ve Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4, 150 - 158, 25.12.2024

Zait Burak Aktuğ , Çağla Selçuk , Gönül Yavuz , Necdet Eray Pişkin

https://doi.org/10.62425/rses.1495571

Öz

Yapılan çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı bireylere 4 haftalık kombine olarak uygulanan kan akışı kısıtlama-terabant antrenmanlarının yaşam kalitesi ve fonksiyonel kapasite üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 55-65 yaş arası toplam 24 kadın gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar 8 kişiden oluşan terabant grubu (TG), kan akışı kısıtlama+terabant grubu (KAK+TG) ve kontrol grubu (KG) olarak üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Katılımcılara 30 sn sandalyeye otur kalk testi, 6 dakika yürüme testi (6DYT) ve modifiye borg skalası (MBS) ölçümü ile yaşam kalite ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda hem Borg skalası hem de 6DYT yürüme testlerinin grup içi karşılaştırılmasında TG ve KAK+TG gruplarında son test lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunurken (p= 0,05), bu parametrelerin gruplar arası karşılaştırılmasında ise KAK+TG grubunun diğer gruplara göre daha yüksek bir gelişim sağladığı belirlenmiştir. 30 sn otur-kalk testinin grup içi karşılaştırılmasında TG ve KAK+TG grubunda son test lehine anlamlı fark bulunurken (p= 0,05), bu parametrelerin gruplar arası karşılaştırılmasında KAK+TG grubunun KG’ye göre daha yüksek bir gelişim sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yaşam kalitesinin grup içi ve gruplar arası karşılaştırılmasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark belirlenmemiştir (p= 0,05). Sonuç olarak, yaşlı bireylere yüksek şiddetli kuvvet antrenmanları yerine terabantlar ile daha düşük şiddetli kuvvet antrenmanlarının uygulanması ve imkan varsa bu antrenmanlarda KAK yönteminin kullanılması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kan akışı kısıtlama, yaşam kalitesi, fonksiyonel kapasite

The Effect of Combined Blood Flow Restriction TheraBand Training on Functional Capacity and Quality of Life

Öz

This study aims to examine the effects of 4-week combined blood flow restriction - TheraBand training on functional capacity and quality of life in healthy individuals aged 55-65 years. A total of 24 women aged 55-65 participated in the study voluntarily. Participants were divided into three groups consisting of 8 people: TheraBand group (TG), blood flow restriction+TheraBand group (BFR+TG), and control group (CG). Participants were administered a 30-second sit-to-stand chair test, a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and Modified Borg Scale (MBS) for quality of life. In intra-group comparisons, both the Borg scale and 6MWT showed statistically significant improvements favouring the final test in TG and BFR+TG groups (p= 0.05). Inter-group comparisons revealed that the BFR+TG group exhibited higher improvement compared to the other groups. Significant differences favouring the final test were also observed in the intra-group comparison of the 30-second sit-to-stand test in TG and BFR+TG groups (p= 0.05), with the BFR+TG group showing higher improvement compared to the CG in inter-group comparisons. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were found in intra-group and inter-group comparisons of quality of life (p= 0.05). In conclusion, it can be recommended that lower-intensity strength training with TheraBands, combined with BFR where possible, be applied to elderly individuals instead of high-intensity strength training and, if possible, use the BFR method in these training.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blood flow restriction, quality of life, functional capacity

Kaynakça

• Aghamolaei, T., Tavafian, S. S., & Zare, S. (2011). Determinants of health-related quality of life in elderly in tehran, Iran. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 40(3), 128-135. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-323.
• American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand (ACSM). (2009). Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine Science Sports Exercise, 41(3), 687-708.
• American Thoracic Society. (2002). ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 166(1), 111-117.
• Baechle, T. R., & Earle, R. W. (2008). Essentials of strength training and conditioning (NSCA). Canada: Human kinetics.
• Baltacı, G., Tunay, V. B., Tuner, A., & Ergun, N. (2003). Spor yaralanmalarında egzersiz tedavisi. Birinci basım. Ankara: Alp Yayınevi.
• Bennett, H., & Slattery, F. (2019). Effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic capacity and performance: a systematic review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(2), 572e583. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002963
• Brach, J. S., & VanSwearingen, J. M. (2002). Physical impairment and disability: relationship to performance of activities of daily living in community-dwelling older men. Physical Therapy, 82(8), 752-761. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/82.8.752.
• Borg, G. A. V. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine & Science Sports & Exercise, 14(5), 377-381.
• Carvalho, J., & Soares, J. M. (2004). Envelhecimento e força muscular-breve revisão. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto (2004) Available from: http://athlon-esportes.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/06/Idoso-Envelhecimento-e-força-muscular-breve-revisão.pdf
• Castilla-López, C., Molina-Mula, J., & Romero-Franco, N. (2022). Blood flow restriction during training for improving the aerobic capacity and sport performance of trained athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 20, 190-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2022.03.004
• Centner, C., & Lauber, B. A. (2020). Systematic review and meta-analysis on neural adaptations following blood flow restriction training: what we know and what we don’t know. Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 887. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00887
• Centner, C., Wiegel, P., Gollhofer, A., & Konig, D. (2019). Correction to: Effects of blood flow restriction training on muscular strength and hypertrophy in older individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 49(1), 109-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0994-1.
• Colado, J. C., & Triplett, N. T. (2008). Effects of a short-term resistance program using elastic bands versus weight machines for sedentary middle-aged women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(5), 1441-1448. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31817ae67a
• Colado, J. C., Garcia-Masso, X., Pellicer, M., Alakhdar, Y., Benavent, J., & Cabeza-Ruiz, R. (2010). A comparison of elastic tubing and isotonic resistance exercises. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31, 810-817. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1262808
• Clarkson, M. J., Conway, L., & Warmington, S. A. (2017). Blood flow restriction walking and physical function in older adults: a randomized control trial. Journal of Science Medicine in Sport, 20(12), 1041-1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.04.012
• de Castro, F. M. P., Aquino, R., Júnior, J. A. B., Gonçalves, L. G. C., & Puggina, E. F. (2017). Strength training with vascular occlusion: a review of possible adaptive mechanisms. Human Movement, 18(2), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1515/humo-2017-0010
• de Queiros, V. S., Dantas, M., Neto, G. R., da Silva, L. F., Assis, M. G., Almeida-Neto, P. F., Dantas, P. M. S., & Cabral, B. G. A. T. (2021). Application and side effects of blood flow restriction technique: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of professionals. Medicine, 100(18), e25794. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000025794
• English, K. L., & Paddon-Jones, D. (2010). Protecting muscle mass and function in older adults during bed rest. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 13(1), 34-39. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328333aa66.
• Enright, P. L., McBurnie, M. A., Bittner, V., Tracy, R. P., McNamara, R., Arnold, A., & Newman, A. B. (2003). The 6-min walk test: a quick measure of functional status in elderly adults. Chest, 123(2), 387-398. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.123.2.387
• Fitschen, P. J., Kistler, B. M., Jeong, J. H., Chung, H. R., Wu, P. T., Walsh, M. J., & Wilund, K. R. (2014). Perceptual effects and efficacy of gntermittent or continuous blood flow resrriction resistance training. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 34(5), 356-363. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12100.
• Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I. M., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011). American college of sports medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0B013E318213FEFB
• Günay, M., Şıktar, E., & Şıktar, E. (2017). Antrenman Bilimi. Ankara: Özgür Web Ofset Matbacılık.
• Hughes, L., Patterson, S. D., Haddad, F., Rosenblatt, B., Gissane, C., McCarthy, D., Clarke, T., Ferris, G., Dawes, J., & Paton, B. (2019). Examination of the comfort and pain experienced with blood flow restriction training during post-surgery rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients: A UK National Health Service Trial. Physical Therapy in Sport, 39, 90-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.06.014
• Jones, J. C., Rikli, R. E., & Beam, W. C. (1999). A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strenght in community-residing older adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 70(2), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1999.10608028
• Karabulut, M., Abe, T., Sato, Y., & Bemben, M. G. (2010). The effects of low-intensity resistance training with vascular restriction on leg muscle strength in older men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(1), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1204-5
• Kjeldsen, S. S., Naess-Schmidt, E. T., Hansen, G. M., Nielsen, J. F., & Stubbs, P. W. (2019). Neuromuscular effects of dorsiflexor training with and without blood flow restriction. Heliyon, 5(8), 5:e02341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e0234
• Loenneke, J. P., Wilson, J. M., Marín, P. J., Zourdos, M. C., & Bemben, M. G. (2012). Low intensity blood flow restriction training: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(5), 1849-1859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2167-x
• Loenneke, J. P., & Pujol, T. J. (2009). The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e3181a5a352.
• Loenneke, J. P., Wilson, J. M., Wilson, G. J., Pujol, T. J., & Bemben, M. G. (2011). Potential safety issues with blood flow restriction training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 21(4), 510-518. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01290.x
• Lowery, R. P., Joy, J. M., Loenneke, J. P., de Souza, E. O., Machado, M., Dudeck, J. E., & Wilson, J. M. (2014). Practical blood flow restriction training increases muscle hypertrophy during a periodized resistance training programme. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 34, 317-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12099
• Paproski, J. J., Finello, G. C., Murillo, A., & Mandel, E. (2019). The importance of protein intake and strength exercises for older adults. Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 32(11), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000586328.11996.c0
• Patterson, S. D., Hughes, L., Warmington, S., Burr, J., Scott, B. R., Owens, J., Abe, T., Nielsen, J. L., Libardi, C. A., Laurentino, G., Neto, G. R., Brandner, C., Martin,Hernandez, J., & Loenneke, J. (2019). Blood flow restriction exercise: 178 considerations of methodology, application, and safety. Frontiers in Physiology, 533. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00533
• Pişkin, N. E., Aktuğ, Z. B., İbiş, S., & Aka, H. (2022). The effect of the combined application of blood flow restriction-theraband training to lower and upper extremities on to athletic performance. Journal of Human Sciences, 19(1), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v19i1.6267.
• Pişkin, N. E., Yavuz, G., Aktuğ, Z. B., Aldhahi, M. I., Al-Mhanna, S. B., & Gülü, M. (2024). The Effect of Combining Blood Flow Restriction with the Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Strength: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(7), 2035. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13072035.
• Razeke, M. K., Iri, A. R., & Amani, A. R. (2020). Effect of five weeks of plyometric training in lower limb with and without blood flow restriction on anaerobic power, muscle strength, agility, speed, limb circumference, body composition in young male volleyball players. In International Conference of Sports Science-AESA, 3, 20. https://doi.org/10.30472/AESA-CONF.VI3
• Reina-Ruiz, Á. J., Martínez-Cal, J., Molina-Torres, G., Romero-Galisteo, R. P., Galán-Mercant, A., Carrasco-Vega, E., & Gonzalez-Sanchez, M. (2023). Effectiveness of blood flow restriction on functionality, quality of life and pain in patients with neuromusculoskeletal pathologies: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2),1401. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021401
• Rogers, M. E., Sherwood, H. S., Rogers, N. L., & Bohlken, R. M. (2002). Effects of dumbbell and elastic training on physical function in older inner-city African-American women. Women Health, 36, 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v36n04_03
• Ruaro, M. F., Santana, J. O., Gusmão, N., De França, E., Carvalho, B. N., Farinazo, K. B., Lencina, S., Corralo, B. V., Clodoaldoantonide, S. A., & Caperuto, E.(2019). Effects of strength training with and without blood flow restriction on quality of life in the elderly. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 787-794. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2019.s3112
• Shimizu, R., Hotta, K., Yamamoto, S., Matsumoto, T., Kamiya, K., Kato, M., Hamazaki, N., Kamekawa, D., Akiyama, A., Kamada, Y., Tanaka, S., & Masuda, T. (2016). Low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction improves vascular endothelial function and peripheral blood circulation in healthy elderly people. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 116(4), 749-757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3328-8
• Tennent, DJ., Hylden, C. M., Johnson, A. E., Burns, T. C., Wilken, J. M., & Owens, J. G. (2017). Blood flow restriction training after knee arthroscopy: A randomized controlled pilot study. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 27, 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000377
• Thera-Band, (2006). Resistance band & tubing instruction manual. USA.
• Vanwye, W. R., Weatherholt, A. M., & Mikesky, A. E. (2017). Blood flow restriction training: implementation into clinical practice. International Journal of Exercise Science, 10(5), 649.
• Vale, R. G. S., Barreto, A. C. G., Novaes, J. S., & Dantas, E. H. M. (2006). Effect of resistive training on the maximum strenght, flexibility and functional autonomy of elderly woman. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 8(4), 52-58. https://doi.org/10.1590/%25x
• Vechin, F. C., Libardi, C. A., Conceição, M. S., Damas, F. R., Lixandrão, M. E., Berton, R. P. B., Trcoli, V. A. A., Roschel, H. A., Cavaglieri C. R., Chacon-Mikahil, M. P. T., & Ugrinowitsch, C. (2015). Comparisons between low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training on quadriceps muscle mass and strength in elderly. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(4), 1071-1076. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000703
• Ware, J. E., Snow, K. K., Kosinski, M., & Gandek, B. (1993). SF-36 health survey: manual and interpretation guide. Boston: The Health Institute, New England Medical Center. https://doi.org/10.4009/jsdt.34.201
• Wilson, J. M., Lowery, R. P., Joy, J. M., Loenneke, J. P., & Naimo, M. A. (2013). Practical blood flow restriction training increases acute determinants of hypertrophy without increasing indices of muscle damage. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3068-3075. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828a1ffa
• Yasuda, T., Meguro, M., Sato, Y., & Nakajima, T. (2017). Use and safety of KAATSU training: Results of a national survey in 2016. International Journal of KAATSU Training Research, 13(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3806/ijktr.13.1
• Yasuda, T., Fukumura, K., Fukuda, T., Iida, H., Imuta, H., Sato, Y., Yamasoba, T., & Nakajima, T. (2014). Effects of low‐intensity, elastic band resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction on muscle activation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 24(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01489.x
• Zion, A. S., De Meersman, R., Diamond, B. E., & Bloomfield, D. M. (2003). A home-based resistance-training program using elastic bands for elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension. Clinical Autonomic Research, 13, 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-003