MUSLIM ADMINISTRATIVE AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN CHINESE ADMINISTRATION: AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 6, 96 - 109, 14.10.2020

Maerjiang Wu

Öz

Islam has spread during the Tang (Tangchao) (618- 907), Five dynasties (Wuday) (907-960), Song (960-1271) Yuan (1271-1368), Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties in the millennial period of time and developed and has now become one of the five major religions in China. As a result of expansion, development and change for a long time, Islam has constituted the Islamic belief system in China with a national character and regional character. Periods of the Tang (618-907), Five Dynasties (907-960), Song (960-1271), Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming (1368-1644) dynasties were the periods of the spread of Islam in China. Although the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) was the darkest and most oppressive period for the Muslims in China, as a result of their struggle to protect their identity and religious belief, this period also regarded as the period of development, maturation and settlement of the Muslims in China. Muslims in China from the first settlement in Tang Dynasty as a Fanke (Foreign Muslims who settled in China) to Qing (Manchu) period not only have established their administrative institutions within the ruling dynasties and also established some their own social institutions, therefore, tried to survive and protect their religious and ethnic identities in mainly Han Chinese dominated environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islam in China, Hui Muslim, fanke, administrative institutions, Social institutions

Çin’in Târihî Dönemlerinde Çin İdaresinde Müslüman İdarî ve Toplumsal Kurumlar

Öz

Islam has spread during the Tang (Tangchao) (618- 907), Five dynasties (Wuday) (907-960), Song (960-1271) Yuan (1271-1368), Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties in the millennial period of time and developed and has now become one of the five major religions in China. As a result of expansion, development and change for a long time, Islam has constituted the Islamic belief system in China with a national character and regional character. Periods of the Tang (618-907), Five Dynasties (907-960), Song (960-1271), Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming (1368-1644) dynasties were the periods of the spread of Islam in China. Although the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) was the darkest and most oppressive period for the Muslims in China, as a result of their struggle to protect their identity and religious belief, this period also regarded as the period of development, maturation and settlement of the Muslims in China. Muslims in China from the first settlement in Tang Dynasty as a Fanke (Foreign Muslims who settled in China) to Qing (Manchu) period not only have established their administrative institutions within the ruling dynasties and also established some their own social institutions, therefore, tried to survive and protect their religious and ethnic identities in mainly Han Chinese dominated environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin’de İslam, Huy Müslümanlar, fanke, idari kurumlar, toplumsal kurumlar

Kaynakça

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