Irak'ta Sağlık Sigortasının Yapısı, Gelişimi Ve Mevcut Durumun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Sağlık sigortası, bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine erişimini güvence altına alan ve sağlık sistemlerinin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlayan önemli bir yapıdır. Ancak bazı ülkelerde bu sistemin uygulanmasında yapısal, ekonomik ve toplumsal çeşitli engellerle karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Irak’ta sağlık sigortası sisteminin yapısını, gelişimini incelemek ve mevcut durumunu değerlendirmektir. Araştırma, nitel bir yöntemle yürütülmüş olup, sağlık sektöründe görev yapan profesyonellerle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, sağlık sigortasının uygulanma sürecinin kurumsal farklılıklar, teknik altyapı eksiklikleri ve vatandaşların sınırlı farkındalığı gibi çok boyutlu engellerle karşı karşıya olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle sistemin dijitalleşmemiş yapısı ve karmaşık bürokratik işlemler, katılım oranlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Ayrıca, vatandaşların sağlık sigortası konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin yetersiz olduğu ve bu durumun güven eksikliğine ve sistemden uzak durmalarına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sağlık sigortası sisteminin etkili bir şekilde uygulanabilmesi için yasal çerçevenin yanı sıra teknik altyapının güçlendirilmesi, vatandaşlara yönelik bilinçlendirme çalışmalarının artırılması ve sürecin dijital çözümlerle desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık sigortası
• Irak
• Dijital sağlık sistemleri
• Toplumsal farkındalık

Destekleyen Kurum

YOK

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, Üsküdar Üniversitesi tarafından etik olarak onaylanmış ve katılımcılardan gönüllü onam alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Teşekkür

Tez çalışmam boyunca bilgi ve deneyimlerini benimle paylaşan danışmanım saygıdeğer Prof. Dr. Mehmet Zelka’ya, zaman ayırarak görüşmelere katılım sağlayan ve çalışmamın şekillenmesinde rol oynayan tüm sağlık yöneticilerine, yaşamım boyunca maddi manevi hiçbir desteğini esirgemeyen biricik annem başta olmak üzere sevgili aileme teşekkür ederim.

Structure, Development, And Assessment Of The Current State Of Health Insurance In Iraq

Öz

Health insurance is a crucial structure that ensures individuals' access to healthcare services and contributes to the sustainability of health systems. However, in some countries, the implementation of this system faces various structural, economic, and social obstacles. The purpose of this study is to examine the structure and development of the health insurance system in Iraq and to evaluate its current status. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, with data collected through semi-structured interviews with professionals working in the health sector. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings reveal that the implementation process of health insurance in Iraq faces multidimensional barriers such as institutional disparities, deficiencies in technical infrastructure, and limited public awareness. In particular, the non-digital nature of the system and complex bureaucratic procedures negatively affect participation rates. Furthermore, the lack of public knowledge regarding health insurance contributes to distrust and disengagement from the system. In conclusion, for the effective implementation of the health insurance system, it is essential to strengthen the technical infrastructure alongside the legal framework, increase awareness campaigns targeting citizens, and support the process with digital solutions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health insurance
• Iraq
• Digital health systems
• Public awareness

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Etik Beyan

This study was ethically approved by Üsküdar University, and voluntary informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Teşekkür

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my esteemed advisor, Prof. Dr. Mehmet Zelka, for sharing his knowledge and experience with me throughout the thesis process; to all the healthcare managers who took the time to participate in the interviews and contributed to shaping this study; and to my beloved family, especially my dear mother, who has never withheld her moral and financial support throughout my life.

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