Comparison Of Reversible Image Watermarking Methods Based On Prediction-Errors

Abstract

This study compares two reversible image watermarking algorithms applied to a digital image. The first algorithm is a method based on adaptive watermarking of prediction-errors. With this method, as in the existing reversible image watermarking methods, pixels are embedded in two different ways according to the values of prediction-errors instead of applying the same watermarking algorithm to all pixels in the imageAccordingly, the image pixels are divided into two blocks as uniform and non-uniform. The watermarking capacity has been increased by embedding 2-bit to specific pixels of uniform blocks and 1-bit to specific pixels of non-uniform blocks. The second algorithm is a method based on interpolation errors. In this method, interpolation error is utilized. The two methods compared with each other were compared with the existing methods in the literature by using computer simulations, and superior and weak aspects of the methods were determined.

Keywords

• reversible watermarking,adaptive reversible image watermarking,pixel selection,prediction-error expansion,interpolation error expansion

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