Microbial exopolisaccharides

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 193 - 202, 01.08.2016

Erdi Ergene , Ayşe Avcı

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.91974

Cited By: 5

Öz

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are carbohydrate biopolymers that are produced and secreted by various microorganisms into their surroundings. EPS protects the microorganism against drying, phagocytosis and phage attack and acts as a barrier in stress conditions such as light, heat and sound. Various microbial EPSs are produced industrially and used in food, petroleum, chemistry and cosmetics for various purposes. They are used in food industry as stabilizer, emulsifier, gelling agent, humectant, thickener etc. Xanthan and gellan are the most extensively used EPSs for these purposes. Other important EPSs such as dextran, curdlan, levan, pullulan and bacterial alginates have also limited applications in the industry. In this review, features and importance of microbial EPSs are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EPS, Microbial EPS, Xanthan

Mikrobiyel ekzopolisakkaritler

Öz

Mikrobiyel ekzopolisakkaritler (EPS) birçok mikroorganizma tarafından üretilerek dış ortama salgılanan karbonhidrat yapısındaki biyopolimerlerdir. EPS, mikroorganizmayı kurumadan, fagositozdan, faj etkisinden korur, ısı, ışık, ses gibi stres ortamında bariyer görevi görür.  Endüstriyel amaçla üretilen EPS’ler genellikle gıda, kozmetik, petrol, kimya gibi alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Mikrobiyel ekzopolisakkaritler gıdalarda stabilizatör, emülgatör, jelleştirme ajanı, nem tutucu, kıvam verici gibi amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır. Bu amaç için en çok kullanılan mikrobiyel ekzopolisakkaritlerin başında ksantan ve jellan gelmektedir. Bunların yanında, dekstran, kurdlan, levan, pullulan, bakteriyel aljinatlar gibi önemli özelliklere sahip EPS’lerin kısıtlı da olsa kullanımları mevcuttur. Bu derlemede, mikrobiyel EPS’lerin özellikleri ve önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

EPS, mikrobiyel ekzopolisakkritler, Ksantan

Kaynakça

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