Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı olan Hemodiyaliz Hastalarının Sağlık Okuryazarlığı, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 123 - 133, 31.08.2024

Fatma Cansu Aktaş Arslan , Tülin Düger

https://doi.org/10.54803/sauhsd.1446524

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemodiyaliz alan hastaların sağlık okuryazarlığını değerlendirmek ve sağlık okuryazarlığı, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışma Eylül- Ekim 2023 tarihleri arasında Özel Diyaliz Merkezi’nde tedavi gören, dahil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan 113 hemodiyaliz hastası ile kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı tasarım tipinde gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Avrupa Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği Türkçe Uyarlaması, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Form ve Böbrek Hastalığı Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanıldı. Veriler, yüzde dağılımları, ortalamalar, standart sapma, ortanca değerler, Pearson ve Spearman Korelasyon Analizi, Ki kare Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi, Kruskal Wallis Varyans Analizi kullanılarak analiz edildi ve istatistiksel anlamlılık için p<0.05 sınır değeri kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hemodiyaliz hastalarının sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin, toplam ölçek puan ortalamasına göre 25,9±82 puanla “sınırlı” olduğu bulundu. Hastaların %48,7’si düşük fiziksel aktivite seviyesine sahipti. Yaş, medeni durum ve eğitim durumu gibi kişisel özellikler ile sağlık okuryazarlığı boyutları arasında istatiksel farklılıklar tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sağlık okuryazarlığı ile fiziksel aktivite değeri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunurken (p<0,05), yaşam kalitesi ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmedi (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz hastalarının sağlık okuryazarlığı ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin artırılması için düzenli aralıklarla değerlendirilmeli, bireyselleştirilmiş müdahaleler geliştirilmeli ve hastalar yönlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kronik böbrek hastalığı, hemodiyaliz, sağlık okuryazarlığı, fiziksel aktivite, yaşam kalitesi

Proje Numarası

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The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Quality of Life, and Physical Activity Level of Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the health literacy of patients receiving hemodialysis and to determine the relationship between health literacy, quality of life, and physical activity level.
Methods: The study was conducted in a cross-sectional design with 113 hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria and who were treated at a Private Dialysis Center between September and October 2023. Personal Information Form, European Health Literacy Scale Turkish Adaptation, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using percentage distributions, means, standard deviation, median values, Pearson and Spearman Correlation Analysis, Chi-Square Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance, Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance, and p<0.05 was accepted as the cut-off value for statistical significance.
Results: The health literacy level of hemodialysis patients was found to be "problematic" with a mean total scale score of 25.9±82 points. 48.7% of the patients had low physical activity level. Statistical differences were found between personal characteristics such as age, marital status and educational status and health literacy dimensions (p<0.05). While a statistically significant relationship was found between health literacy and physical activity value (p<0.05), no statistically significant relationship was found with quality of life (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Hemodialysis patients should be evaluated at regular intervals individualized interventions should be developed and patients should be guided to increase their health literacy and physical activity levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Renal Insufficiency, Hemodialysis, Health Literacy, Sedentary Behavior, Quality of Life

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sakarya University of Applied Sciences with the decision numbered "33/3" taken at its meeting dated 07/07/2023 and numbered 33. The principles of the Declaration of Helsinki were

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Kaynakça

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