KRALİÇE ARI SENDROMU BAĞLAMINDA KADINLARIN KARİYER YOLUNDA ERİLLEŞME SORUNUNUN TEORİK İNCELEMESİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 25, 01.12.2022

Muharrem Aksu Başak Şahin

Öz

Tarihsel süreç boyunca hemen hemen tüm toplumlarda kadınların erkeklere kıyasla ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal katılım açısından aynı haklara ve fırsatlara sahip olmadığı bilinmektedir. Bu eşitsizliklerin nedenlerine baktığımızda ise, en önemlilerinden biri toplumdaki kadın ve erkeğin rolü ile ilgili tutumlar ve kalıp yargılardır. Kadının çalışma yaşamına katılmasıyla beraber yaşanan bu eşitsizlikler daha çok gün yüzüne çıkmış ve kadınların kariyerinde karşılaştıkları kariyer engellerini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Erkek egemen iş ortamlarında yani üst düzey pozisyonların çoğunluğunun erkeklerden oluştuğu çalışma yaşamında bulunan kadınlar, zorlu süreçler sonrası erkeklerin gölgesinden çıkmayı başararak üst yönetim pozisyonlarına çıkma fırsatı yakalamaya başladılar. Belirli uğraşlar ve zorlu şartlar sonucu kadınların elde ettikleri konumlarını korumak için çeşitli davranışlar sergiledikleri ve geliştirdikleri görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, kıdemli pozisyonlarda çalışan kadınların, kadın astlarından uzak durma, onları desteklememe ve onlara eleştirel yaklaşması olarak bilinen Kraliçe Arı sendromunun teorik olarak incelenmesi ve olgunun altında yatan sosyo-psikolojik sebepleri ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca saha çalışmaları taranarak Kraliçe Arı davranışının tepki boyutlarının ortaya koyulması ve özellikle Kraliçe Arı davranışının bir göstergesi olan eril benlik sunumu (erilleşme) sorununun teorik olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Kraliçe Arı sendromu sosyal kimlik tehdidine bir yanıt olarak ele alınmış olup kadınların, kadınlar önünde en büyük engel olduğu şeklinde olumsuz klişe düşünceye farklı bakış açıları sunarak kadınların yaşamış olduğu cinsiyet ayrımcılığının bir sonucu olduğu fikri öne çıkarılmıştır. Özellikle erkek egemen örgütlerde cinsiyet/sosyal kimliklerinin tehdit edildiği ortamlarda çalışan kadınlar, kendi gruplarından uzaklaşarak eril özellikler göstermeye başladıkları görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile Kraliçe Arı sendromunun temel kaynaklarına ve çıktılarına odaklanarak literatürde pek incelenmemiş olan erkeksi benlik sunumuna dikkat çekilmesi çalışmanın özgün yönünü oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kraliçe Arı Sendromu, Kadınlar, Kariyer Yolu, Erilleşme, İnsan Kaynakları

Kaynakça

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