L-Karnitin Depresyon Üzerinde Etkili Midir?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 100 - 106, 03.03.2020

Tuba Tekin Aylin Ayaz

Öz

Özet

Karnitin
hem endojen biyosentez yoluyla vücutta sentezlenmekte hem de günlük diyetle
besinlerden alınmaktadır.
Karnitin,
serbest karnitin ve asilkarnitinler olarak vücutta bulunmaktadır. Karnitin uzun
zincirli yağ asitlerinin β-oksidasyonu için mitokondriye taşıyıcı olarak görev
yapmaktadır. Karnitin karboksilik asitler ile ester oluşturma yeteneğinden
dolayı diğer metabolitlerin taşınmasında da önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca karnitin
nörotransmitterlerin aktivitesini modüle ederek sinir sisteminde önemli rol
oynamaktadır. Depresyon yaşam kalitesinin büyük ölçüde azalması, artmış
fiziksel komorbiditeler ve artmış mortalite ile ilişkili bir bozukluktur. Depresyonlu
bireylerde yağ
asitleri ve lipit metabolizması değişikliklerinin oluştuğu bildirilmiştir. Bu
nedenle karnitinin,
sinir dokularındaki çeşitli nörotrofik faktörlerin, hücre zarlarının, lipid
metabolizmasının ve nörotransmitterlerin aktivitesini modüle ettiği düşünüldüğünde,
depresyon tedavisinde karnitin takviyesinin antidepresanlara alternatif tedavi
edici ajan olarak potansiyel bir rolü olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Karnitin beyinde
yaygın olarak bulunmakta ve kolinerjik reseptörler üzerinde uyarıcı etki
göstermektedir. Ayrıca karnitin nöromodülatör etki göstererek dopamin salınımının
artmasını ve gama-aminobutirik asidin artmasını sağlamaktadır. Karnitin sinir
sisteminde antioksidan ve nörotrofik etki göstermektedir. Hayvan ve insan
modelli klinik çalışmalarda depresyon üzerinde karnitinin olumlu etkilerinin
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Karnitin takviyesinin antidepresan ve nörotrofik
etkilerinden dolayı depresyon tedavisinde etkin rolü olabileceği
düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antidepresan Etki, Depresyon, Karnitin

Kaynakça

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