The Effect of Tactical Small-Sided Games on Anaerobic Performance in Football

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of tactical small-sided games (SSGs), designed according to the specific phases of play in football attack, defense, and transitions on anaerobic performance. Method: The study involved a total of 43 young male football players, divided into three groups: 16 participants in the tactical SSG group (age: 14.81±0.40 years, height: 172.88±4.98 cm, body weight: 59.51±5.04 kg, BMI: 19.89±1.15 kg/m²), 16 in the SSG group (age: 15.69±0.48 years, height: 177.46±7.86 cm, body weight: 67.08±7.14 kg, BMI: 21.27±1.45 kg/m²), and 11 in the control group (age: 14±0 years, height: 167.68±6.74 cm, body weight: 52.64±6.67 kg, BMI: 18.66±1.51 kg/m²). The study was conducted over 8 weeks, with training sessions performed twice per week. The tactical group implemented small-sided games that incorporated structured adaptations for attacking, defending, and transitional phases, whereas the small-sided group participated in sessions without any tactical interventions. The control group continued football training routine. All small-sided games were conducted in two formats: 5v5 with 2 goalkeepers on a 40x52 m² pitch, and 3v3 with 2 goalkeepers on a 30x40 m² pitch. Each game was conducted in four 3-minute bouts, with 1-minute rest intervals between repetitions. Anaerobic performance was assessed using a Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) before and after the training program. According to the Skewness-Kurtosis method, the data were found to be normally distributed. One-way ANOVA test was used for between-group comparisons. Results: After 8 weeks, the greatest improvement in anaerobic performance was observed in the tactical group, followed by the SSG group (p<0.05). No significant improvement was detected in the control group (p>0.05). However, the fatigue index showed a numerical increase in all three groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Tactical small-sided games conducted over 8 weeks were demonstrated to be more effective in improving anaerobic performance compared to SSGs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Defense
• Offense
• Tactic
• Transition
• Power
• Rast

Futbolda Taktiksel Dar Alan Oyunların Anaerobik Performansa Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Futbolda oyun fazlarına özgü hücum, savunma ve geçiş uyarlamalarına göre tasarlanan taktiksel dar alan oyunlarının anaerobik performansa etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya taktiksel dar alan antrenman grubunda 16 (yaş: 14,81±0,40 yıl, boy: 172,88±4,98 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 59,51±5,04 kg, BMI: 19,89±1,15 kg/m2), dar alan antrenman grubunda 16 (yaş: 15,69±0,48 yıl, boy: 177,46±7,86 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 67,08±7,14 kg, BMI: 21,27±1,45 kg/m2) ve kontrol grubunda 11 (yaş: 14±0 yıl, boy: 167,68±6,74 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 52,64±6,67 kg, BMI: 18,66±1,51 kg/m2) genç erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Çalışma 8 hafta süresince haftada 2 kere uygulanmıştır. Taktiksel grup hücum, savunma ve geçiş uyarlamaları olan dar alan oyunları uygularken, dar alan grubu müdahalesiz çalışmalar uygulamıştır. Kontrol grubu ise rutin futbol antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Tüm dar alan oyunlar 40x52m2 alanda 5v5+2 kaleci ile ve 30x40m2 alanda 3v3+2 kaleci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tüm dar alan oyunları 4 tekrardan 3 dakika olarak uygulanmıştır. Tekrarlar arası 1 dakika dinlenme verilmiştir. Antrenmanların öncesinde ve sonrasında genç futbolcuların anaerobik performansları koşu temelli anaerobik sürat testi ile ölçülmüştür. Skewness-Kurtosis normallik testlerine göre grupların normal dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda one-way-anova testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: haftalık çalışmamıza göre anaerobik performans değerlerinde en fazla TG grubunda, ikincil olarak DG grubunda gelişim görülmüştür (p<0,05). Ancak KG grubunun değerlerinde gelişim görülmemiştir (p>0,05). Yorgunluk indeksi ilk ve son test ölçümleri arasında 8 haftalık çalışma sonucunda 3 grupta da yorgunluk değeri sayısal olarak artmıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: 8 Haftalık taktiksel dar alan oyunların dar alan oyunlara göre anaerobik performans gelişiminde daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geçiş
• Güç
• Hücum
• RAST
• Taktik
• Savunma

Kaynakça

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