Koşu Biyomekaniği

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 71 - 96, 28.03.2021

Doç. Dr. Ozan Sever , Ali Erdem Ciğerci , Rıdvan Kır , Cihan Baykal , Necip Kishalı , Gökhan İpekoğlu , Metin Yaman

Öz

Bu derleme makalesi, koşu analizi ile ilgili bilgileri özetlemektedir. Makalede yürüme ve koşmanın karşılaştırılması ve ilişkisi açıklanmıştır. Koşunun destek ve salınım fazları ve bu fazların kendisine özgü özellikleri aktarılmıştır. Pelvis, kalça, diz, gövde, ayak eklemlerinin ve vücut kütle merkezinin ve farklı koşu hızlarındaki kinematiği elit sporculara özgü açılara bağlı kalınarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Eklem kinetikleri ve momentleri oluşturan kaslar belirtilmiştir. Koşu biyomekaniği ve koşu ekonomisi arasındaki ilişki değerlendirilmiştir. Edinilen biyomekanik bilgiye bağlı olarak koşu biyomekaniği ve koşu yaralanmaları arasındaki ilişki açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Aktarılan bilgilerin koşu anormallikleri, kompanzasyonlar, yaralanma mekanizmaları ve antrenman düzenlemeleri ile ilgili fikir vereceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

koşu, yürüme, kinematik, kinetik, ayak, kalça, diz

Biomechanics of Running Gait

Öz

This review article summarizes the current information on running analysis. The comparison and relationship of walking and running are explained in the article. The support and oscillation phases of running and the specific features of these phases are mentioned. The kinematics of body mass center and pelvis, hip, knee, trunk, foot joints at different running speeds are tried to be clarified by adhering to the angles specific to elite athletes. The muscles that make up the joint kinetics and moments are indicated. The relationship between running biomechanics and energy efficiency is evaluated. Depending on the biomechanical information obtained, the relationship between running biomechanics and running injuries has been tried to be explained. It is thought that the transferred information will give an idea about running abnormalities, injury mechanisms and training arrangements.

Anahtar Kelimeler

running, walking, kinematics, kinetic, foot, hip, knee

Kaynakça

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