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DETECTION OF THE COMPLEX GROUND PROBLEMS BY GROUND PENETRATING RADAR: EXAMPLES FROM GÜMÜŞHANE UNIVERSITY

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 4, 1297 - 1310, 01.12.2018

Öz

In this study, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technique was used for the detection of i) the reasons of deformations which occur in the field ground of Gümüşhane University Sport Complex (GUSC), and ii) the congestion in flow pipe of Gümüşhane University, Engineering and Natural Sciences Faculty (GUENSF). GPR data was collected by using the RAMAC CU II device and a shielded antenna with a 500 MHz center frequency. The wave fields for GUSC were examined by 2D and 3D processing. The large-scaled hyperbolic reflections are in corresponds to the areas where the field ground has deformations. It is considered that these anomaly areas may include a gap or a padding having a large gap and suggested that these damaged areas must be full with hard materials. The large-scaled hyperbolic reflections approximately starts in one-meter depth and reaches three-meters. For GUENSF, the measurements were conducted on the route where the main flow pipe crosses. In GPR sections, hyperbolas with high amplitudes were observed in the zones where flow pipe passes. Information on slope of flow pipe was provided by examining the association of these hyperbolas with the depth, and the clogged zones were detected. It is stated that unclogging the clogged zones of the flow pipe will not fully contribute to the resolution of the problem. Therefore, it is suggested to provide necessary slope to the flow pipe by completely removing and mounting back. These results show that GPR technique is an effective tool to provide a good image and solution for the complex ground problems.

Kaynakça

  • 1) Beres M. Jr., and Haeni F. P. (1991) Application of ground-penetrating-radar methods in hydrological studies, Ground Water, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 375-386.
  • 2) Knödel K., Lange G., and Gerhard H. J. (2007) Environmental Geology: Handbook of field methods and case studies, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften, Berlin: Springer, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540 74669-0.
  • 3) Cook J. C. (1975) Radar transparencies of mines and tunnel rocks, Geophysics, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 865-885.
  • 4) Harrison C. H. (1970) Reconstruction of subglacial relief from echo sounding records, Geophysics, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1099-1115.
  • 5) Watts R. D., and England A. W. (1976) Radio-echo sounding of temperate glaciers: ice properties and sounder design criteria, Journal of Glaciology, vol. 17, no. 75, pp. 39-48.
  • 6) Holser W. T., Brown R. J. S., Roberts F. A., Fredriksson O. A., and Unterberger R. R. (1972) Radar logging of a salt dome, Geophysics, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 889-906.
  • 7) Annan A. P., Davis J. L., and Vaughan C. J. (1984) Radar mapping of buried pipes and cables, A-Cubed, Inc., Tech., Note 1, 17 pp.
  • 8) Davis J. L., and Annan A. P. (1989) Ground penetrating radar for high resolution mapping of soil and rock stratigraphy, Geophysical Prospecting, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 531-551.
  • 9) Koralay T., Kadıoğlu S., and Kadıoğlu Y. K. (2007) A new approximation in determination of zonation boundaries of ignimbrite by ground penetrating radar: Kayseri, Central Anatolia, Turkey, Environmental Geology, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1387-1397.
  • 10) Grandjean G., and Gourry J. C. (1996) GPR data processing for 3D fracture mapping in a marble quarry (Thasos, Greece), Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 19-30.
  • 11) Green A., Gross R., Holliger K., Horstmeyer H., and Baldwin J. (2003) Results of 3-D georadar surveying and trenching the San Andreas fault near its northern landward limit, Tectonophysics, vol. 368, no. 1-4, pp. 7-23.
  • 12) Kadıoğlu S. (2008) Photographing layer thicknesses and discontinuities in a marble quarry with 3D GPR visualization, Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 109-114.
  • 13) Sarı M., and Öztürk S. (2016) Detecting of damaged areas in the ground of BESYO Sport Complex in Gumushane, Turkey, with the Ground Penetrating Radar Method, 1st International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC 2016), 633-639 pp., Paper ID:206, Adana, Turkey.
  • 14) Kadıoğlu S., Ulugergerli E. U., and Daniels J. J. (2006) 3D visualization to map cavities by GPR method: Dalaman Akkopru dam reservoir area, Muğla, Southwest Turkey. Proceedings of the 11 th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Columbus- Ohio, USA, CD paper No.156.
  • 15) Sarı M. (2012) Investigation of geophysical characteristics of gypsum (case of Sivas province), MSc Thesis, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 65 pp (in Turkish with English abstract).
  • 16) Harrari Z. (1996) Ground penetrating radar (GPR) for imaging stratigraphic features and groundwater in sand dunes, Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 43-52.
  • 17) Dannowski G., and Yaramancı U. (1999) Estimation of water content and porosity using combined radar and geoelectric measurements, European Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 71-85.
  • 18) Changryol K., Daniels J. J., Guy E., Radzevicius S. J., and Holt J. (2000) Residual hydrocarbons in a water-saturated medium: A detection strategy using ground penetrating radar, Environmental Geosciences, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 169-176.
  • 19) Sambuelli L., Socco L. V., and Brecciaroli L. (1999) Acquisition and processing of electric, magnetic and GPR data on a Roman site (Victimulae, Salussola, Biella), Journal Applied Geophysics, vol. 41, no. 2-3, pp. 189-204.
  • 20) Daniels J. J. (1989) Fundamentals of ground penetrating radar. Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP’89)”, Proceedings of the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, pp.62-142, Colorado.
  • 21) Kadıoğlu S., Kadıoğlu, Y. K., and Akyol A. A. (2008) Geo archaeological research of the mid-Age Ilyasbey Complex buildings with ground penetrating radar in Miletus, Aydın, Western Anotolia, Turkey, Donald Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean, 28–30 April 2008, University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, USA, B C Burchfiel 2008 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2, published online.
  • 22) Kadıoğlu S. and Daniels J. J. (2008) 3D visualization of integrated ground penetrating radar data and EM-61 data to determine buried objects and their characteristics, Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, vol. 5, vol. 4, pp. 448-456.
  • 23) Kurt B., Kadıoğlu S., and Ekincioğlu E. E. (2009) Determination of the location, size and physical characteristics of buried pipes by ground penetrating radar method, Bulletin for Earth Sciences, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 45-57.
  • 24) Holden J., Burt T. P., and Vilas M. (2002) Application of ground-penetrating radar to the identification of subsurface piping in blanket peat, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 235-249.
  • 25) Cheng N-F., Tang H-W. C., and Chan C-T. (2013) Identification and positioning of underground utilities using ground penetrating radar (GPR), Sustainable Environment Research, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 141-152.
  • 26) Sarı M., Maden N., and Öztürk S. (2017) Detection of clogged flow pipe with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering, 10-12 May, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • 27) Robinson M., Bristow C., McKinley J., and Ruffell A. (2013) Ground Penetrating Radar, British Society for Geomorphology, Geomorphological Techniques, Part 1, Sec. 5.5, ISSN 2047-0371, 2013.
  • 28) Annan A. P. (2003) Ground Penetrating Radar Principles, Procedures & Applications, Sensors & Software Inc., Canada.
  • 29) Zeng X., and McMechan G. A. (1997) GPR characterization of buried tanks and pipes, Geophysics, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 797-806.
  • 30) Sandmeier K. J. (2012) Scientific Software, REFLEXW ver. 7.0. program for processing and interpretation of reflection and transmission data.
  • 31) URL-1. (2018) KLU-Öğr. Hör. Taner ERDOĞAN, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli, http://personel.klu.edu.tr/taner.erdogan.
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 4, 1297 - 1310, 01.12.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • 1) Beres M. Jr., and Haeni F. P. (1991) Application of ground-penetrating-radar methods in hydrological studies, Ground Water, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 375-386.
  • 2) Knödel K., Lange G., and Gerhard H. J. (2007) Environmental Geology: Handbook of field methods and case studies, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften, Berlin: Springer, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540 74669-0.
  • 3) Cook J. C. (1975) Radar transparencies of mines and tunnel rocks, Geophysics, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 865-885.
  • 4) Harrison C. H. (1970) Reconstruction of subglacial relief from echo sounding records, Geophysics, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1099-1115.
  • 5) Watts R. D., and England A. W. (1976) Radio-echo sounding of temperate glaciers: ice properties and sounder design criteria, Journal of Glaciology, vol. 17, no. 75, pp. 39-48.
  • 6) Holser W. T., Brown R. J. S., Roberts F. A., Fredriksson O. A., and Unterberger R. R. (1972) Radar logging of a salt dome, Geophysics, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 889-906.
  • 7) Annan A. P., Davis J. L., and Vaughan C. J. (1984) Radar mapping of buried pipes and cables, A-Cubed, Inc., Tech., Note 1, 17 pp.
  • 8) Davis J. L., and Annan A. P. (1989) Ground penetrating radar for high resolution mapping of soil and rock stratigraphy, Geophysical Prospecting, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 531-551.
  • 9) Koralay T., Kadıoğlu S., and Kadıoğlu Y. K. (2007) A new approximation in determination of zonation boundaries of ignimbrite by ground penetrating radar: Kayseri, Central Anatolia, Turkey, Environmental Geology, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1387-1397.
  • 10) Grandjean G., and Gourry J. C. (1996) GPR data processing for 3D fracture mapping in a marble quarry (Thasos, Greece), Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 19-30.
  • 11) Green A., Gross R., Holliger K., Horstmeyer H., and Baldwin J. (2003) Results of 3-D georadar surveying and trenching the San Andreas fault near its northern landward limit, Tectonophysics, vol. 368, no. 1-4, pp. 7-23.
  • 12) Kadıoğlu S. (2008) Photographing layer thicknesses and discontinuities in a marble quarry with 3D GPR visualization, Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 109-114.
  • 13) Sarı M., and Öztürk S. (2016) Detecting of damaged areas in the ground of BESYO Sport Complex in Gumushane, Turkey, with the Ground Penetrating Radar Method, 1st International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC 2016), 633-639 pp., Paper ID:206, Adana, Turkey.
  • 14) Kadıoğlu S., Ulugergerli E. U., and Daniels J. J. (2006) 3D visualization to map cavities by GPR method: Dalaman Akkopru dam reservoir area, Muğla, Southwest Turkey. Proceedings of the 11 th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, Columbus- Ohio, USA, CD paper No.156.
  • 15) Sarı M. (2012) Investigation of geophysical characteristics of gypsum (case of Sivas province), MSc Thesis, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 65 pp (in Turkish with English abstract).
  • 16) Harrari Z. (1996) Ground penetrating radar (GPR) for imaging stratigraphic features and groundwater in sand dunes, Journal of Applied Geophysics, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 43-52.
  • 17) Dannowski G., and Yaramancı U. (1999) Estimation of water content and porosity using combined radar and geoelectric measurements, European Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 71-85.
  • 18) Changryol K., Daniels J. J., Guy E., Radzevicius S. J., and Holt J. (2000) Residual hydrocarbons in a water-saturated medium: A detection strategy using ground penetrating radar, Environmental Geosciences, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 169-176.
  • 19) Sambuelli L., Socco L. V., and Brecciaroli L. (1999) Acquisition and processing of electric, magnetic and GPR data on a Roman site (Victimulae, Salussola, Biella), Journal Applied Geophysics, vol. 41, no. 2-3, pp. 189-204.
  • 20) Daniels J. J. (1989) Fundamentals of ground penetrating radar. Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP’89)”, Proceedings of the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, pp.62-142, Colorado.
  • 21) Kadıoğlu S., Kadıoğlu, Y. K., and Akyol A. A. (2008) Geo archaeological research of the mid-Age Ilyasbey Complex buildings with ground penetrating radar in Miletus, Aydın, Western Anotolia, Turkey, Donald Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean, 28–30 April 2008, University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, USA, B C Burchfiel 2008 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2, published online.
  • 22) Kadıoğlu S. and Daniels J. J. (2008) 3D visualization of integrated ground penetrating radar data and EM-61 data to determine buried objects and their characteristics, Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, vol. 5, vol. 4, pp. 448-456.
  • 23) Kurt B., Kadıoğlu S., and Ekincioğlu E. E. (2009) Determination of the location, size and physical characteristics of buried pipes by ground penetrating radar method, Bulletin for Earth Sciences, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 45-57.
  • 24) Holden J., Burt T. P., and Vilas M. (2002) Application of ground-penetrating radar to the identification of subsurface piping in blanket peat, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 235-249.
  • 25) Cheng N-F., Tang H-W. C., and Chan C-T. (2013) Identification and positioning of underground utilities using ground penetrating radar (GPR), Sustainable Environment Research, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 141-152.
  • 26) Sarı M., Maden N., and Öztürk S. (2017) Detection of clogged flow pipe with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering, 10-12 May, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • 27) Robinson M., Bristow C., McKinley J., and Ruffell A. (2013) Ground Penetrating Radar, British Society for Geomorphology, Geomorphological Techniques, Part 1, Sec. 5.5, ISSN 2047-0371, 2013.
  • 28) Annan A. P. (2003) Ground Penetrating Radar Principles, Procedures & Applications, Sensors & Software Inc., Canada.
  • 29) Zeng X., and McMechan G. A. (1997) GPR characterization of buried tanks and pipes, Geophysics, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 797-806.
  • 30) Sandmeier K. J. (2012) Scientific Software, REFLEXW ver. 7.0. program for processing and interpretation of reflection and transmission data.
  • 31) URL-1. (2018) KLU-Öğr. Hör. Taner ERDOĞAN, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli, http://personel.klu.edu.tr/taner.erdogan.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Mahmut Sarı Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-1006-6332

Serkan Öztürk Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-1322-5164

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Sarı M, Öztürk S. DETECTION OF THE COMPLEX GROUND PROBLEMS BY GROUND PENETRATING RADAR: EXAMPLES FROM GÜMÜŞHANE UNIVERSITY. SIGMA. 2018;36(4):1297-310.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK https://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/sigma/