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Turistlerin Kaygılari ve Algılanan Seyahat Risklerinin Satın Alma Kararları ile Destinasyon Seçimine Etkisi: Kuşaklar Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 117 - 136, 30.12.2025

Öz

Bu çalışma, turist endişelerinin ve algılanan seyahat risklerinin turistlerin satın alma kararları ve yerel destinasyon seçimleri üzerindeki etkilerini farklı kuşak grupları özelinde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında çeşitli yaş gruplarından 390 katılımcı ile anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Regresyon analizleri, turizme katılım endişe yapılarının satın alma kararları ve iç destinasyon seçimi üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif etkilere sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Benzer şekilde, algılanan seyahat risklerinin de satın alma kararları ve destinasyon tercihlerine önemli katkılar sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Turizme katılım endişeleri ve seyahat riski algılamalarında cinsiyete dayalı anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmazken, eğitim düzeyine göre her iki değişkende de anlamlı farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Lisansüstü eğitim seviyesine sahip bireylerin turizme katılım kaygısının daha düşük, ancak seyahat risk algısının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gelir düzeyi turizme katılım kaygısı üzerinde anlamlı bir etki gösterirken, kuşak faktörü seyahat risk algısı ve turizme katılım endişelerinde belirleyici rol oynamıştır. Z kuşağının diğer kuşaklara kıyasla daha düşük risk algısı ve katılım kaygısına sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, turizm sektöründe hedef kitle stratejilerinin belirlenmesi için önemli veriler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, A. (2019). Turizmde tüketici davranışını etkileyen faktörler. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 10(2), 61–78.
  • Antari, K. A. A., Agustina, N. K. W., & Yudhistira, P. G. A. (2023). The influence of risk perception on visit decision to tourism village: The mediating role of tourist motivation. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 7(4), 947–956.
  • Arikan, E., & Odabasi, Y. (1996). Tüketici Davranışları ve Tüketici Bilinci. Eskişehir: A.Ü.
  • Bayazıt Hayta, A. (2008). Turizm pazarlamasında tüketici satın alma süreci ve karşılaşılan sorunlar. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 16(1), 31–48.
  • Belch, G. E., & Belch, M. A. (1998). Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. Birdir, S. S. (2015). Segmentation of tourists using demographic and travel characteristics: The case of Istanbul. International Review of Management and Marketing, 5(4), 221–229.
  • Blackwell, R. D., Miniard, P. W., & Engel, J. F. (2006). Consumer Behavior (10th ed.). Thomson South-Western.
  • Boksberger, P. E., & Laesser, C. (2009). Segmenting Generation Y: An exploratory study of travel behavior. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(4), 351–361.
  • Chen, C. & Tsai, D. (2007). How Destination Image and Evaluative Factors Affect Behavioral Intentions? Tourism Management, 28 (4), 1115-1122.
  • Chen, C.-C., Petrick, J. F., & Shahvali, M. (2014). Tourism experiences as a stress reliever: Examining the effects of tourism recovery experiences on life satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 55(2), 150–160.
  • Chiou, J.S., & Wan, C.S. (2006). Effects of fear appeals on information processing and attitude change: A study of consumer health messages. Journal of Advertising, 35(1), 113–125.
  • Cohen, E., & Cohen, S. A. (2022). Tourism and psychology: From the personal to the global. Annals of Tourism Research, 92, 103366.
  • Davras, Ö., & Uslu, A. (2019). Destinasyon seçimini belirleyen faktörlerin destinasyon memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi: Fethiye’de İngiliz turistler üzerinde bir araştırma. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 679–696.
  • de Hoog, N., Stroebe, W., & de Wit, J. B. F. (2008). The processing of fear-arousing communications: How biased processing leads to persuasion. Social Influence, 3(2), 84-113.
  • Durmaz, Y., & Bahar (Oruç), R. (2011). Tüketicilerin satın alma davranışları üzerinde sosyolojik faktörlerin etkisinin incelenmesine yönelik bir çalışma. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(37), 60–77.
  • Durmaz, Y., Bahar (Oruç), R., & Kurtlar, M. (2011). Kişisel faktörlerin tüketici satın alma davranışlarına etkisi üzerine bir araştırma. Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 2(1), 114–133.
  • Eitzinger, C., & Wiedemann, P. M. (2007). Risk perceptions in the alpine tourist destination Tyrol: An exploratory analysis of residents’ views. Tourism Management, 28(3), 911–916.
  • Emir, O., & Avan, A. (2010). Yabancı turistlerin satın alma karar sürecinde kültürel varlıkların etkisi: Konya örneği. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (24), 203-219.
  • Ersun, N., & Arslan, K. (2011). Turizmde destinasyon seçimini etkileyen temel unsurlar ve pazarlama stratejileri. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 31(2), 229–248.
  • Ertaş, M., & Kırlar‑Can, B. (2022). Tourists’ risk perception, travel behaviour and behavioural intention during the COVID‑19. European Journal of Tourism Research, 32, 3205..
  • Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2011). An exploratory inquiry into destination risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies of first time vs. repeat visitors to a highly volatile destination. Tourism Management, 32(2), 266-276.
  • George, R. (2002). Tourist's perceptions of safety and security while visiting Cape Town. Tourism Management, 23(6), 573-578.
  • Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2021). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
  • Gretzel, U., Fesenmaier, D. R., Formica, S., & O’Leary, J. T. (2006). Searching for the future: Challenges faced by destination marketing organizations. Journal of Travel Research, 45(2), 116–126.
  • Karl, M. (2018). Risk and uncertainty in travel decision‑making: Tourist and destination perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 57(1), 129–146.
  • Koç, E. (2021). Tüketici davranışı ve pazarlama stratejileri: Global ve yerel yaklaşım (9. baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Kotler, P. (2008). Marketing Management (13th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Kotler, P., Bowen, J. T., & Makens, J. C. (2010). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Kozak, M., Crotts, J. C., & Law, R. (2007). The impact of the perception of risk on international travelers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233–242.
  • Larsen, S., Brun, W., & Øgaard, T. (2009). What tourists worry about: Construction of a scale measuring tourist worries. Tourism Management, 30(2), 260-265.
  • Lee, C. K., Song, H. J., Bendle, L. J., Kim, M. J., & Han, H. (2012). The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for 2009 H1N1 influenza on travel intentions: A model of goal-directed behavior. Tourism Management, 33(1), 89–99.
  • Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2003). Tourist roles, perceived risk and international tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(3), 606–624.
  • Lo, A. S., Cheung, C., & Law, R. (2011). Hong Kong residents’ adoption of risk reduction strategies in leisure travel. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(3), 240–260.
  • Luo, J. M. & Lam, C. F. (2020). Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID‑19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7859.
  • Luo, J. M., & Lam, C. F. (2020). Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID 19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), Article 7859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217859
  • Michalko, G. (2003). Tourism security and risk management. In S. Singh (Ed.), International Tourism Security: Advances in Tourism Research (pp. 160-170). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Ozdipciner, N. S., Li, X., & Uysal, M. (2012). Cross-cultural differences in purchase decision-making criteria. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 12(4), 329-339.
  • Özyıldırım, A., & Koçoğlu, C. M. (2019). Tatil satın alma kararını etkileyen faktörler: Kocaeli’deki çağrı merkezi operatörleri üzerine bir araştırma. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(1), 189–209.
  • Perić, G., Dramićanin, S., & Conić, M. (2021). The impact of Serbian tourists’ risk perception on their travel intentions during the COVID‑19 pandemic. European Journal of Tourism Research, 27, 2705.
  • Reisinger, Y. & Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: Implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1), 212-225.
  • Reznik, A., Gritsenko, V., Konstantinov, V., Khamenka, N., & Isralowitz, R. (2020). COVID-19 fear, stress, anxiety, and substance use among Russian and Belarusian university students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(6), 1956-1968.
  • Roehl, W. S., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 17-26.
  • Sellick, M. (2004). Perceived travel risks: The traveller perspective and manageability. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(4), 310-320.
  • Sigala, M. (2020). Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 312–321.
  • Traskevich, A., & Fontanari, M. (2021). Tourism potentials in post‑COVID‑19: The concept of destination resilience for advanced sustainable management in tourism. Tourism Planning & Development. Advance online publication.
  • UNWTO. (2023). World Tourism Barometer. United Nations World Tourism Organization. https://www.unwto.org/publications/world-tourism-barometer
  • Wachyuni, S. S., & Ayu Kusumaningrum, D. (2020). The Shifting Trends in Travelling After The Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews 7(2), 31-40.
  • Wilks, M., & Handzsuh, J. (2006). Tourism security and ethics. In A. Pizam & Y. Mansfeld (Eds.), Tourism, Security and Safety (pp. 45-60). Routledge.
  • Yalvaç, H. & Sop, S. A. (2021). Turizmde Satın Alma Karar Süreci: Bir Literatür İncelemesi ve Araştırma Önerileri. Pazarlama Teorisi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 7(1), 81–107.
  • Yang, E. C. L., & Nair, V. (2014). Tourism at risk: A review of risk and perceived risk in tourism. Asia‑Pacific Journal of Innovation in Hospitality and Tourism, 3(2), 239–259.
  • Yıldırım, 7. (2016). Tüketicinin Satın Alma Karar Sürecinde Bilgi Kaynakları ve Güvenirlikleri: Referans Grubu Olarak Yakın Çevrenin Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Akdemik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 7(1), 214–231.
  • Yurtsever, A. E. & Akin, M. (2023). Manipülatif Pazarlamanın Z Kuşağının Davranışsal Niyetleri ve Tüketim Alışkanlıklarına Etkileri. İKSAD Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic – A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164.

The relationship between tourist concerns and perceived travel risks and their influence on purchase decisions and destination choices: A generational perspective

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 117 - 136, 30.12.2025

Öz

This study aims to examine the effects of tourist concerns and perceived travel risks on tourists' purchasing decisions and local destination choices across different generational groups. Within the scope of the research, a survey was conducted with 390 participants from various age groups, and the obtained data were analyzed. Regression analyses revealed that tourism participation concern structures have significant and positive effects on purchasing decisions and domestic destination selection. Similarly, perceived travel risks were found to have significant contributions to purchasing decisions and destination preferences. While no significant differences were found in tourism participation concerns and travel risk perceptions based on gender, significant differences were observed in both variables according to education level. Individuals with postgraduate education were found to have lower tourism participation anxiety but higher travel risk perception. While income level had a significant effect on tourism participation anxiety, the generation factor played a decisive role in travel risk perception and tourism participation concerns. Generation Z was found to have lower risk perception and participation anxiety compared to other generations. The research findings provide important data for determining target audience strategies in the tourism sector.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, A. (2019). Turizmde tüketici davranışını etkileyen faktörler. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 10(2), 61–78.
  • Antari, K. A. A., Agustina, N. K. W., & Yudhistira, P. G. A. (2023). The influence of risk perception on visit decision to tourism village: The mediating role of tourist motivation. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 7(4), 947–956.
  • Arikan, E., & Odabasi, Y. (1996). Tüketici Davranışları ve Tüketici Bilinci. Eskişehir: A.Ü.
  • Bayazıt Hayta, A. (2008). Turizm pazarlamasında tüketici satın alma süreci ve karşılaşılan sorunlar. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 16(1), 31–48.
  • Belch, G. E., & Belch, M. A. (1998). Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. Birdir, S. S. (2015). Segmentation of tourists using demographic and travel characteristics: The case of Istanbul. International Review of Management and Marketing, 5(4), 221–229.
  • Blackwell, R. D., Miniard, P. W., & Engel, J. F. (2006). Consumer Behavior (10th ed.). Thomson South-Western.
  • Boksberger, P. E., & Laesser, C. (2009). Segmenting Generation Y: An exploratory study of travel behavior. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(4), 351–361.
  • Chen, C. & Tsai, D. (2007). How Destination Image and Evaluative Factors Affect Behavioral Intentions? Tourism Management, 28 (4), 1115-1122.
  • Chen, C.-C., Petrick, J. F., & Shahvali, M. (2014). Tourism experiences as a stress reliever: Examining the effects of tourism recovery experiences on life satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 55(2), 150–160.
  • Chiou, J.S., & Wan, C.S. (2006). Effects of fear appeals on information processing and attitude change: A study of consumer health messages. Journal of Advertising, 35(1), 113–125.
  • Cohen, E., & Cohen, S. A. (2022). Tourism and psychology: From the personal to the global. Annals of Tourism Research, 92, 103366.
  • Davras, Ö., & Uslu, A. (2019). Destinasyon seçimini belirleyen faktörlerin destinasyon memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi: Fethiye’de İngiliz turistler üzerinde bir araştırma. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 679–696.
  • de Hoog, N., Stroebe, W., & de Wit, J. B. F. (2008). The processing of fear-arousing communications: How biased processing leads to persuasion. Social Influence, 3(2), 84-113.
  • Durmaz, Y., & Bahar (Oruç), R. (2011). Tüketicilerin satın alma davranışları üzerinde sosyolojik faktörlerin etkisinin incelenmesine yönelik bir çalışma. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(37), 60–77.
  • Durmaz, Y., Bahar (Oruç), R., & Kurtlar, M. (2011). Kişisel faktörlerin tüketici satın alma davranışlarına etkisi üzerine bir araştırma. Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 2(1), 114–133.
  • Eitzinger, C., & Wiedemann, P. M. (2007). Risk perceptions in the alpine tourist destination Tyrol: An exploratory analysis of residents’ views. Tourism Management, 28(3), 911–916.
  • Emir, O., & Avan, A. (2010). Yabancı turistlerin satın alma karar sürecinde kültürel varlıkların etkisi: Konya örneği. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (24), 203-219.
  • Ersun, N., & Arslan, K. (2011). Turizmde destinasyon seçimini etkileyen temel unsurlar ve pazarlama stratejileri. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 31(2), 229–248.
  • Ertaş, M., & Kırlar‑Can, B. (2022). Tourists’ risk perception, travel behaviour and behavioural intention during the COVID‑19. European Journal of Tourism Research, 32, 3205..
  • Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2011). An exploratory inquiry into destination risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies of first time vs. repeat visitors to a highly volatile destination. Tourism Management, 32(2), 266-276.
  • George, R. (2002). Tourist's perceptions of safety and security while visiting Cape Town. Tourism Management, 23(6), 573-578.
  • Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2021). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
  • Gretzel, U., Fesenmaier, D. R., Formica, S., & O’Leary, J. T. (2006). Searching for the future: Challenges faced by destination marketing organizations. Journal of Travel Research, 45(2), 116–126.
  • Karl, M. (2018). Risk and uncertainty in travel decision‑making: Tourist and destination perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 57(1), 129–146.
  • Koç, E. (2021). Tüketici davranışı ve pazarlama stratejileri: Global ve yerel yaklaşım (9. baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Kotler, P. (2008). Marketing Management (13th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Kotler, P., Bowen, J. T., & Makens, J. C. (2010). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Kozak, M., Crotts, J. C., & Law, R. (2007). The impact of the perception of risk on international travelers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233–242.
  • Larsen, S., Brun, W., & Øgaard, T. (2009). What tourists worry about: Construction of a scale measuring tourist worries. Tourism Management, 30(2), 260-265.
  • Lee, C. K., Song, H. J., Bendle, L. J., Kim, M. J., & Han, H. (2012). The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for 2009 H1N1 influenza on travel intentions: A model of goal-directed behavior. Tourism Management, 33(1), 89–99.
  • Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2003). Tourist roles, perceived risk and international tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(3), 606–624.
  • Lo, A. S., Cheung, C., & Law, R. (2011). Hong Kong residents’ adoption of risk reduction strategies in leisure travel. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(3), 240–260.
  • Luo, J. M. & Lam, C. F. (2020). Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID‑19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7859.
  • Luo, J. M., & Lam, C. F. (2020). Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID 19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), Article 7859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217859
  • Michalko, G. (2003). Tourism security and risk management. In S. Singh (Ed.), International Tourism Security: Advances in Tourism Research (pp. 160-170). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Ozdipciner, N. S., Li, X., & Uysal, M. (2012). Cross-cultural differences in purchase decision-making criteria. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 12(4), 329-339.
  • Özyıldırım, A., & Koçoğlu, C. M. (2019). Tatil satın alma kararını etkileyen faktörler: Kocaeli’deki çağrı merkezi operatörleri üzerine bir araştırma. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(1), 189–209.
  • Perić, G., Dramićanin, S., & Conić, M. (2021). The impact of Serbian tourists’ risk perception on their travel intentions during the COVID‑19 pandemic. European Journal of Tourism Research, 27, 2705.
  • Reisinger, Y. & Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: Implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1), 212-225.
  • Reznik, A., Gritsenko, V., Konstantinov, V., Khamenka, N., & Isralowitz, R. (2020). COVID-19 fear, stress, anxiety, and substance use among Russian and Belarusian university students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(6), 1956-1968.
  • Roehl, W. S., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: An exploratory analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 17-26.
  • Sellick, M. (2004). Perceived travel risks: The traveller perspective and manageability. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(4), 310-320.
  • Sigala, M. (2020). Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 312–321.
  • Traskevich, A., & Fontanari, M. (2021). Tourism potentials in post‑COVID‑19: The concept of destination resilience for advanced sustainable management in tourism. Tourism Planning & Development. Advance online publication.
  • UNWTO. (2023). World Tourism Barometer. United Nations World Tourism Organization. https://www.unwto.org/publications/world-tourism-barometer
  • Wachyuni, S. S., & Ayu Kusumaningrum, D. (2020). The Shifting Trends in Travelling After The Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews 7(2), 31-40.
  • Wilks, M., & Handzsuh, J. (2006). Tourism security and ethics. In A. Pizam & Y. Mansfeld (Eds.), Tourism, Security and Safety (pp. 45-60). Routledge.
  • Yalvaç, H. & Sop, S. A. (2021). Turizmde Satın Alma Karar Süreci: Bir Literatür İncelemesi ve Araştırma Önerileri. Pazarlama Teorisi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 7(1), 81–107.
  • Yang, E. C. L., & Nair, V. (2014). Tourism at risk: A review of risk and perceived risk in tourism. Asia‑Pacific Journal of Innovation in Hospitality and Tourism, 3(2), 239–259.
  • Yıldırım, 7. (2016). Tüketicinin Satın Alma Karar Sürecinde Bilgi Kaynakları ve Güvenirlikleri: Referans Grubu Olarak Yakın Çevrenin Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Akdemik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 7(1), 214–231.
  • Yurtsever, A. E. & Akin, M. (2023). Manipülatif Pazarlamanın Z Kuşağının Davranışsal Niyetleri ve Tüketim Alışkanlıklarına Etkileri. İKSAD Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic – A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Turist Davranışı ve Ziyaretçi Deneyimi
Bölüm İnceleme Makalesi
Yazarlar

Cihan Yılmaz 0000-0002-4270-8854

Özlem Karataş 0000-0003-4694-8350

Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 7 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, C., & Karataş, Ö. (2025). The relationship between tourist concerns and perceived travel risks and their influence on purchase decisions and destination choices: A generational perspective. Sinop-e: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 117-136.