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Carbon Fiber and Its Composites: Synthesis, Properties, Applications

Yıl 2024, , 240 - 265, 29.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.33484/sinopfbd.1393364

Öz

Carbon fiber is often preferred in composite production as it is a light and strong material. Traditionally, it is produced based on Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Pitch. Today, biomass-based carbon fiber production has studied as an alternative to these petroleum-based initiators. Accordingly, cotton, wood, and cellulose are the most commonly used biomass types. However, environment-friendly carbon fiber does not yet possess as good tensile strength as petroleum-based ones. So, researchers added PAN during the production of bio-based carbon fiber. Carbon fiber can be produced as a composite with many materials like polymers, metals, ceramics, and cement. It has a wide range of uses. Nowadays, researchers try to improve the interface between epoxy and carbon fiber to increase the functional properties of the composite. By preparing carbon fiber-reinforced metal, it can be possible to use composite as a catalyst. Carbon fiber is used as filler in concrete production to avoid crack formation and thus, carbon fiber composites are crucial in preventing earthquake disasters. In brief, one can enable comprehensive and contemporary information about the synthesis and applications of all types of carbon fibers (PAN, Pitch, bio-based) and their composites (polymer, metal, ceramic, concrete, carbon nanotube, and graphene).

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Karbon Fiber ve Karbon Fiber Kompozitler: Sentezi, Özellikleri, Uygulama Alanları

Yıl 2024, , 240 - 265, 29.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.33484/sinopfbd.1393364

Öz

Karbon fiber hafif ve sağlam bir malzeme olduğundan kompozit üretiminde sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Geleneksel olarak Poliakrilonitril (PAN) ve Zift temelinde üretilir. Günümüzde bu petrol temelli başlatıcılara alternatif olarak biyokütle-temelli karbon fiber üretimi üzerinde çalışılmaktadır. Bu amaçla pamuk, odun ve selüloz en çok kullanılan biyokütle türleridir. Ancak çevre dostu karbon fiber henüz petrol temelli olanlar kadar iyi bir çekme mukavemetine sahip değildir. Bu nedenle, araştırmacılar biyo temelli karbon fiber üretimini PAN eşliğinde gerçekleştirmektedirler. Karbon fiber, polimerler, metaller, seramikler ve çimento gibi birçok malzemeyle kompozit olarak geliştirilebilmektedir. Geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Günümüzde araştırmacılar, kompozitin fonksiyonel özelliklerini arttırmak için epoksi ve karbon fiber arasındaki arayüzü iyileştirmeye çalışmaktadır. Karbon fiber takviyeli metal hazırlanarak kompozitin katalizör olarak kullanılması mümkün olabilir. Beton üretiminde çatlak oluşumunu önlemek amacıyla dolgu maddesi olarak karbon fiber kullanılmaktadır. Deprem felaketlerini önlemekte karbon fiber kompozitler önem taşır. Kısacası, bu çalışma ile tüm karbon fiber türleri (PAN, Zift, biyo temelli) ve kompozitlerinin (polimer, metal, seramik, beton, karbon nanotüp ve grafen) sentezi ve uygulamaları hakkında güncel ve kapsamlı bilgi sağlanabilir.

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  • Wei, W., Wang, F., Yang, J., Zou, J., Li, J., & Shi, K. A. (2021). A superior potassium-ıon anode material from pitch-based activated carbon fibers with hierarchical pore structure prepared by metal catalytic activation. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 13(5), 6557-6565. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c22184
  • Gelfond, J., Meng, T., Li, S., Li, T., & Hu, L. (2023). Highly electrically conductive biomass-derived carbon fibers for permanent carbon sequestration. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 35, e00573.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2023.e00573
  • Chen, J., Ghosh, T., Ayranci, C., & Tang, T. (2022). Bio-cleaned lignin-based carbon fiber and its application in adsorptive water treatment. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 139(18), 52054. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.52054
  • Chiu, K. L., & Ng, D.H. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of cotton-made activated carbon fiber and its adsorption of methylene blue in water treatment. Biomass and Bioenergy, 46, 102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.09.023
  • Jin, Z., Yan, X., Yu, Y., & Zhao, G. (2014). Sustainable activated carbon fibers from liquefied wood with controllable porosity for high-performance supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2(30), 11706-11715. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA01413H
  • Hu, F., Wang, M., Peng, X., Qiu, F., Zhang, T., Dai, H., & Cao, Z. (2018). High-efficient adsorption of phosphates from water by hierarchical CuAl/biomass carbon fiber layered double hydroxide. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 555, 314-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.07.010
  • Hong, S., Song, N., Sun, J., Chen, G., Dong, H., & Li, C. (2022). Nitrogen-doped biomass carbon fibers with surface encapsulated Co nanoparticles for electrocatalytic overall water-splitting. Chemical Communications, 58(11), 1772-1775.https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CC06906C
  • Zhang, T., Zhao, B., Chen, Q., Peng, X., Yang, D., & Qiu, F. (2019). Layered double hydroxide functionalized biomass carbon fiber for highly efficient and recyclable fluoride adsorption. Applied Biological Chemistry, 62, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-019-0410-z
  • Chen, Y., Wang, C., Chen, J., Wang, S., Ju, J., & Kang, W. (2022). Preparing biomass carbon fiber derived from waste rabbit hair as a carrier of TiO2 for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Polymers, 14(8), 1593.https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081593
  • Peng, Q., Li, Y., He, X., Lv, H., Hu, P., Shang, Y., Wang, C., Wang, R., Sritharan, T., & Du, S. (2013). Interfacial enhancement of carbon fiber composites by poly (amido amine) functionalization. Composites Science and Technology, 74, 37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.10.005
  • Sharma, M., Gao, S., Mäder, E., Sharma, H., Wei, L. Y., & Bijwe, J. (2014). Carbon fiber surfaces and composite interphases. Composites Science and Technology, 102, 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.07.005
  • Li, N., Liu, G., Wang, Z., Liang, J., & Zhang, X. (2014). Effect of surface treatment on surface characteristics of carbon fibers and interfacial bonding of epoxy resin composites. Fibers and Polymers, 15, 2395-2403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-2395-x
  • Park, S.J. (2018). Carbon Fibers. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0538-2
  • Tam, L. H., Minkeng, M.A.N., Lau, D., Mansour, W., & Wu, C. (2023). Molecular interfacial shearing creep behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy matrix interface under moisture condition. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 282, 109177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2023.109177
  • Chauhan, A., Agnihotri, P. K., & Basu, S. (2023). Molecular dynamic study on modulating the interfacial thermal conductivity of carbon fiber/epoxy interfaces. Computational Materials Science, 217, 111914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111914
  • Darıcık, F., Topcu, A., Aydın, K., & Çelik, S. (2023). Carbon nanotube (CNT) modified carbon fiber/epoxy composite plates for the PEM fuel cell bipolar plate application. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48(3), 1090-1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.297
  • Hesseler, S., Stapleton, S. E., Appel, L., Schöfer, S., & Manin, B. (2021). Modeling of reinforcement fibers and textiles. In Nicholus Tayari Akankwasa, (Ed), Advances in Modeling and Simulation in Textile Engineering, (pp. 267-299). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822977-4.00010-8
  • Yang, D., Dong, S., Hong, C., & Zhang, X. (2022). Preparation, modification, and coating for carbon-bonded carbon fiber composites: A review. Ceramics International, 48(11), 14935-14958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.03.055
  • Wang, Y., Jiang, T., Shi, S., Xiang, L., Tang, B., Qi, Z., & Yu, J. (2023). Lightweight chopped carbon fiber/carbon composites with low thermal conductivity fabricated by vacuum filtration method. Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 31(7), 605-612. https://doi.org/10.1080/1536383X.2023.2194638
  • Ding, S., Wang, X., Qiu, L., Ni, Y. Q., Dong, X., Cui, Y., & Ou, J. (2023). Self-sensing cementitious composites with hierarchical carbon fiber-carbon nanotube composite fillers for crack development monitoring of a maglev girder. Small, 19(9), 2206258. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202206258
  • Wu, D., Hao, Z., Sheng, Y., Zhao, Q., Dong, Q., Han, Y., & Wang, M. (2022). Construction of an orderly carbon fiber/carbon nanotubes hybrid composites by a mild, effective, and green method for highly ınterface reinforcement. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 9(34), 2201360. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201360
  • Lv, Z., Sha, J., Lin, G., Wang, J., Guo, Y., & Dong, S. (2023). Mechanical and thermal expansion behavior of hybrid aluminum matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles and short carbon fibers. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 947, 169550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169550
  • Zhou, Y., Zhang, P., & Ning, F. (2023). Joining of carbon fiber reinforced polymer/titanium stacks using directed energy deposition additive manufacturing. Composite Structures, 310, 116775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.116775
  • Yang, L., Shi, X., Tian, X., Xue, Y., Wang, J., & Qi, L. (2022). Influence of pH value on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium matrix composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 17, 412-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.031
  • Tong, Y., Wang, L., Wang, B., Hu, Y., Cai, Z., Ren, J., & Li, S. (2023). Microstructure and mechanical behavior of carbon fiber reinforced carbon, silicon carbide, and copper alloy hybrid composite fabricated by Cu-Si alloy melt infiltration. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, 6(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-022-00612-1
  • Xiao, J., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Luo, X. (2023). Hierarchical Ni/Ni4Mo nanosheets array on carbon fiber as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for urea-oxidation-assisted water splitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 51, 982-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.07.131
  • Belgibayeva, A., Rakhatkyzy, M., Rakhmetova, A., Kalimuldina, G., Nurpeissova, A., & Bakenov, Z. (2023). Synthesis of free-standing tin phosphide/phosphate carbon composite nanofibers as anodes for lithium-ıon batteries with ımproved low-temperature performance. Small, 19, 2304062. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202304062
  • Hao, X., Nie, H., Ye, Z., Luo, Y., Zheng, L., & Liang, W. (2019). Mechanical properties of a novel fiber metal laminate based on a carbon fiber reinforced Zn-Al alloy composite. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 740, 218-225.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.10.050
  • Tang S., & Hu C. (2017). Design, preparation and properties of carbon fiber reinforced ultra-high temperature ceramic composites for aerospace applications: A review. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 33(2), 117–30.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2016.08.004
  • Tong, Y., Hu, Y., Liang, X., Zhang, Z., Li, Y., Chen, Z., & Hua, M. (2020). Carbon fiber reinforced ZrC based ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite subjected to laser ablation: Ablation resistance, microstructure and damage mechanism. Ceramics International, 46(10), 14408-14415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.236
  • Kubota, Y., Arai, Y., Yano, M., Inoue, R., Goto, K., & Kogo, Y. (2019). Oxidation and recession of plain weave carbon fiber reinforced ZrB2-SiC-ZrC in oxygen–hydrogen torch environment. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 39(9), 2812-2823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.03.010
  • Liu, Y., Cheng, Y., Ma, D., Hu, N., Han, W., Liu, D., & Wang, A. (2022). Continuous carbon fiber reinforced ZrB2-SiC composites fabricated by direct ink writing combined with low-temperature hot-pressing. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 42(9), 3699-3707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.03.045
  • Vinci, A., Zoli, L., Sciti, D., Watts, J., Hilmas, G. E., & Fahrenholtz, W. G. (2019). Mechanical behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced TaC/SiC and ZrC/SiC composites up to 2100°C. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 39(4), 780-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.11.017
  • Çelik, A. İ., Özkılıç, Y. O., Zeybek, Ö., Özdöner, N., & Tayeh, B. A. (2022). Performance assessment of fiber-reinforced concrete produced with waste lathe fibers. Sustainability, 14(19), 11817. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911817
  • Afroughsabet, V., Biolzi, L., & Ozbakkaloglu, T. (2016). High-performance fiber-reinforced concrete: a review. Journal of Materials Science, 51, 6517-6551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9917-4
  • Zhutovsky, S., & Nayman, S. (2022). Modeling of crack-healing by hydration products of residual cement in concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 18, 340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127682
  • Manvith Kumar Reddy, C., Ramesh, B., & Macrin, D. (2020). Effect of crystalline admixtures, polymers and fibers on self healing concrete - a review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 763–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.122
  • Wang, L., He, T., Zhou, Y., Tang, S., Tan, J., & Liu, Z. (2021). The influence of fiber type and length on the cracking resistance, durability and pore structure of face slab concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 282, 122706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122706
  • Raza, S. S., Qureshi, L. A., Ali, B., Raza, A., & Khan, M. M. (2021). Effect of different fibers (steel fibers, glass fibers, and carbon fibers) on mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete. Structural Concrete, 22(1), 334–46.https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201900439
  • Ahmad, J., González-Lezcano, R. A., Majdi, A., Ben Kahla, N., Deifalla, A. F., & El-Shorbagy, M. A. (2022). Glass fibers reinforced concrete: overview on mechanical, durability and microstructure analysis. Materials, 15(15), 5111.https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155111
  • Li, W., Tang, S., Huang, X., Liu, W., Yang, X., & Shi, T. (2022). Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer mesh fabric as shear reinforcement in reinforced concrete beams. Journal of Building Engineering, 53, 104433.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104433
  • Yu, F., Wang, S., Fang, Y., Zhang, N., Wang, Y., & Nuermaimaiti, M. (2023). Seismic behavior of interior polyvinyl chloride–carbon fiber-reinforced polymer-confined concrete column–ring beam joints. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 23(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-022-00586-3
  • Jeon, E. B., Ahn, S. K., Lee, I. G., Koh, H. I., Park, J., & Kim, H. S. (2015). Investigation of mechanical/dynamic properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer concrete for low noise railway slab. Composite Structures, 134, 27–35.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.08.082
  • Liu, G. J., Bai, E. L., Xu, J. Y., & Yang, N. (2019). Mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer concrete with different polymer–cement ratios. Materials, 12(21), 3530. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12213530
  • Liu, G. J., Bai, E. L., Xu, J. Y., Yang, N., & Wang, T. J. (2020). Dynamic compressive mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer concrete with different polymer-cement ratios at high strain rates. Construction and Building Materials, 261, 119995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119995
  • Wang, Z., Ma, G., Ma, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Flexural behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced concrete beams under impact loading. Cement and Concrete Composites, 118, 103910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103910
  • Huang, L., Su, L., Xie, J., Lu, Z., Li, P., & Hu, R. (2022). Dynamic splitting behaviour of ultra-high-performance concrete confined with carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer. Composite Structures, 284, 115155.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.115155
  • Farooq, M., & Banthia, N. (2022). Strain-hardening fiber reinforced polymer concrete with a low carbon footprint. Construction and Building Materials, 314, 125705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125705
  • Batarlar, B., & Saatci, S. (2022). Numerical investigation on the behavior of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with carbon fiber textile reinforcement under impact loads. Structures, 41, 1164–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.05.057
  • Pu, H., Hou, Y. L., Chen, J. Z., & Zhao, D. L. (2024). Graphene with different groups on the interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Polymer, 290, 126512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2023.126512
Toplam 120 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Malzeme Üretim Teknolojileri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Gamze Özçakır 0000-0003-0357-4176

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Özçakır, G. (2024). Carbon Fiber and Its Composites: Synthesis, Properties, Applications. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 240-265. https://doi.org/10.33484/sinopfbd.1393364


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