Investigation of Solid Waste Handling and Collection System in Sinop Province

Öz

Solid waste amount increases day by day in parallel to rapid population increase, technological developments and rise of the living standards. The municipalities spend considerable sums for the collection, transportation and disposal of the wastes. A substantial part of these expenditures (85%) comprises waste collection and transportation services. In addition, just collecting these wastes and transporting them from various points of the city to the disposal areas does not mean that this problem is solved sustainably in terms of  both economic and social terms. Accordingly, numerous studies and methods are applied in regard to the collection and transportation of solid wastes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the urban solid waste collection and transportation system in Sinop province center. It was also aimed to create recommendation plans for the elimination of the problems existing in the solid waste management system in Sinop province center. Coordinates of all container locations have been recorded in the study. In addition, data including the time spent by a collection-transportation vehicle between two stops, their right/left turn and return times, times spent in collecting waste from the container locations travelled, the number of solid waste collection points, road widths and the distances between the containers were determined. Based on the environmental, economic and social factors, evaluations were made for the determination of the most suitable transportation-collection vehicle routes, container locations and the distances between the containers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• solid waste,solid waste management,Sinop

Sinop ili Taşıma ve Toplama Sisteminin İncelenmesi

Öz

Hızlı nüfus artısı, teknolojik gelişmeler ve yasam standartlarının yükselmesine paralel olarak katı atık miktarı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Belediyeler katı atıkların toplanması, taşınması ve bertarafı için çok miktarda harcama yapmaktadırlar. Bu harcamalarının önemli bir kısmını (%85) katı atıkların toplama ve taşıma hizmetleri oluşturmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, sadece katı atıkların toplanması ve şehrin farklı noktalarından bertaraf alanlarına taşınması, bu sorunun hem çevresel hem ekonomik ve hem de toplumsal olarak sürdürülebilir bir şekilde çözüldüğü anlamına gelmemektedir. Bunun için katı atıkların toplanması ve taşınması konusunda birçok çalışma ve metod uygulanmaktadır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sinop il merkezinde kentsel katı atıkların toplama ve taşıma sisteminin araştırılmasıdır. Ayrıca Sinop il merkezinde katı atık yönetim mekanizmasında mevcut sorunların giderilmesine yönelik öneri planların oluşturulmasıdır. Çalışmada tüm konteyner noktalarının koordinatları kayıt edilmiştir. Bunun yanında çalışmada, toplama-taşıma aracının iki duruş arasında geçirdiği süre, sağa/sola ve geriye dönüş süreleri, geçilen noktalardan atık alma süreleri, katı atık alma noktası sayısı, yol genişlikleri ve konteynırlar arası mesafeler gibi veriler belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerle çevresel, ekonomik ve toplumsal faktörler gözönüne alınarak, en uygun taşıma-toplama aracı rotası belirleme, konteynır noktaları ve mesafeler üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anahtar kelimeler: katı atık,katı atık yönetimi,Sinop

Kaynakça

1. [1] Solano JE, Ranjithan SR, Barlaz MA, Brill ED, 2002. Life-Cycle-Based Solid Waste Management I: Model Development, ASCE Journal of Sanitary Engineering Divition.
2. [2] Obirih-Opareh N, Post J, 2002. Quality assessment of public and private modes of solid waste collection in Accra, Ghana, Habitat International, 26. pp: 95-112.
3. [3] Aydın T, 2015. Analysis of the Solid Waste Management System of 19 Mayis County Based on Geographic Information System, Master’s thesis, Ondokuz Mayis University, Institue of Science and Technology 93 p. (in Turkish).
4. [4] Apaydın Ö, 2004. A GIS Supported Optimization Application of Solid Waste Management Alternatives in Trabzon City, PhD Thesis, Yıldız Teknik University, Institue of Science and Technology, 219 p. (in Turkish).
5. [5] Ludwig HF, Black RJ, 1968. Report on the solid waste problem. ASCE Journal of Sanitary Engineering Divition 94, 2, pp: 355-370.
6. [6] Karpuzcu M, 1988. Introduction to Environmental Engineering, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul.
7. [7] Pickford J, 1980. Water - wastes and health in hot climates, New York.
8. [8] Kocasoy G, 1995. Transportation and transfer to the disposal sites, Program Schedule Solid Waste Management Symposium, Med. Campus Project & Overseas Development Agency.

9. [9] Sonesson U, 2000. Modelling of waste collection-a general approach to calculate fuel consumption and time, Waste management and Research, 18:115-123. [10] Salvia M, Cosmi C, Macchiato M, Mangiamele L, 2002. Waste management system optimization for southern Italy with MARKAL model, Resources Conservation and Recycling, 34:pp: 91-106.
10. [21] Gökkurt Baki O, Ergun ON, Nogay A, 2016. Investigation of domestic solid waste recycling and sustainability in the Central Black Sea, 8th National Congress on Solid Waste, 11-14 May Kastamonu, 8 p. (in Turkish).
11. [22] The Munucipality of Sinop, 2009. Sinop-Erfelek Dam Transmission Line and increment Plant Construction Project Preliminary Report. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, DSI-State Hydraulic Works Water and Sewerage Department, Ankara, 392 p.
12. [23] Şahin C, 2014. Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Transportation Route in Sinop, Ondokuz Mayis University Institue of Science and Technology, 116 p. (in Turkish).
13. [10] Salvia M, Cosmi C, Macchiato M, Mangiamele L, 2002. Waste management system optimization for southern Italy with MARKAL model, Resources Conservation and Recycling, 34:pp: 91-106.
14. [15] Kınacı C, Görgün E, Arslan M, Armadan B, 2000. Private Sector Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Services-A Case Study for Kadikoy of Istanbul in Turkey. In: Wastecon 2000. Biennial Conference and Exhibition on Integrated Waste Management in The Millennium, I, 5-7 September 2000, Cape Town, South Africa, 123-130.
15. [16] Quon JE, Tanaka M, Charnes A, 1965. Simulation and analyses of refuse collectin system, ASCE Journal of Sanitary Engineering Divition, 91(SAI):17-36.
16. [17] Quon JE, Tanaka, M, Wersan, SJ, 1969. Simulation model of refuse collection policies, ASCE Journal of Sanitary Engineering Divition, 91(SA3), pp: 575-592.
17. [18] Truit MM, Liebman JC, Krus CW, 1969. Simulation model of urban refuse collection, ASCE Journal of Sanitary Engineering Divition, 95(SA2): pp: 289-297 pp.
18. [19] Eisenstein DD, Iyer AV, 1997. Garbage Collectin in Chicago: A dynamic Scheduling Model, Management Science, 43 (7): pp: 922-933.
19. [20] Gökkurt Baki O, 2011. Coastal Management in Sinop Province, PhD Thesis, Ondokuz Mayis University, Institue of Science and Technology, 287 p. (in Turkish). (in Turkish).