Carbon Fiber and Its Composites: Synthesis, Properties, Applications

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 240 - 265, 29.06.2024

Gamze Özçakır

https://doi.org/10.33484/sinopfbd.1393364

Öz

Carbon fiber is often preferred in composite production as it is a light and strong material. Traditionally, it is produced based on Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Pitch. Today, biomass-based carbon fiber production has studied as an alternative to these petroleum-based initiators. Accordingly, cotton, wood, and cellulose are the most commonly used biomass types. However, environment-friendly carbon fiber does not yet possess as good tensile strength as petroleum-based ones. So, researchers added PAN during the production of bio-based carbon fiber. Carbon fiber can be produced as a composite with many materials like polymers, metals, ceramics, and cement. It has a wide range of uses. Nowadays, researchers try to improve the interface between epoxy and carbon fiber to increase the functional properties of the composite. By preparing carbon fiber-reinforced metal, it can be possible to use composite as a catalyst. Carbon fiber is used as filler in concrete production to avoid crack formation and thus, carbon fiber composites are crucial in preventing earthquake disasters. In brief, one can enable comprehensive and contemporary information about the synthesis and applications of all types of carbon fibers (PAN, Pitch, bio-based) and their composites (polymer, metal, ceramic, concrete, carbon nanotube, and graphene).

Anahtar Kelimeler

PAN, pitch, carbon fiber, carbon fiber reinforced composite

Karbon Fiber ve Karbon Fiber Kompozitler: Sentezi, Özellikleri, Uygulama Alanları

Öz

Karbon fiber hafif ve sağlam bir malzeme olduğundan kompozit üretiminde sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Geleneksel olarak Poliakrilonitril (PAN) ve Zift temelinde üretilir. Günümüzde bu petrol temelli başlatıcılara alternatif olarak biyokütle-temelli karbon fiber üretimi üzerinde çalışılmaktadır. Bu amaçla pamuk, odun ve selüloz en çok kullanılan biyokütle türleridir. Ancak çevre dostu karbon fiber henüz petrol temelli olanlar kadar iyi bir çekme mukavemetine sahip değildir. Bu nedenle, araştırmacılar biyo temelli karbon fiber üretimini PAN eşliğinde gerçekleştirmektedirler. Karbon fiber, polimerler, metaller, seramikler ve çimento gibi birçok malzemeyle kompozit olarak geliştirilebilmektedir. Geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Günümüzde araştırmacılar, kompozitin fonksiyonel özelliklerini arttırmak için epoksi ve karbon fiber arasındaki arayüzü iyileştirmeye çalışmaktadır. Karbon fiber takviyeli metal hazırlanarak kompozitin katalizör olarak kullanılması mümkün olabilir. Beton üretiminde çatlak oluşumunu önlemek amacıyla dolgu maddesi olarak karbon fiber kullanılmaktadır. Deprem felaketlerini önlemekte karbon fiber kompozitler önem taşır. Kısacası, bu çalışma ile tüm karbon fiber türleri (PAN, Zift, biyo temelli) ve kompozitlerinin (polimer, metal, seramik, beton, karbon nanotüp ve grafen) sentezi ve uygulamaları hakkında güncel ve kapsamlı bilgi sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

PAN, zift, karbon fiber, karbon fiber destekli kompozitler

Kaynakça

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