Iodine-rich Waters of Turkey and Oil & Gas Potential of the Onshore

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 103 - 150, 17.12.2018

Adil Özdemir

Öz

In this study, to determine iodine-rich waters associated with potential oil and gas deposits of Turkey, a new “Oilfield Water Differentiation Plot” has been developed. With the help of this plot, it has determined that a large number of iodinerich water resources throughout the country. The reason for iodine enrichment in surface waters and groundwaters of Turkey are the hydrocarbons- and iodine-rich reservoir waters migrated from deep oil and gas deposits to surface and near-surface with the effect of geological events (tectonism, volcanism etc.). Most important evidence of this migration is that iodine-rich waters are also rich in mature petroleum hydrocarbons. Waters rich in both iodine and mature petroleum hydrocarbons are oilfield waters. Due to the presence of a large number of waters with quite high of iodine content, the oil and gas potential of Western and Central Anatolia regions have higher than the Southeast Anatolia and Thrace basins. Thus, contrary to opinions put forward in many studies, concentration in areas where especially found a large number of active faults in Western and Central Anatolia regions of iodine-rich waters which determined with this study shows that no affected negatively by young geodynamic events of oil and gas deposits formed in various geological periods. The other important result of this study is determined that to be more suitable the use of reservoir-targeted organic hydrogeochemistry methods instead of the source rock-targeted organic rock and gas geochemistry for future oil and gas exploration in active tectonic (dynamically “excited”, “unbalanced”) and geologically complex basins of Turkey. The determination of iodine contents and geochemical properties of petroleum hydrocarbons in the water resources with classical petroleum geochemistry analysis to be made in 5189 water resources in the 76 cities of Turkey given appendix of this study will provide the identification of real oil and gas potential in onshore Turkey and determination new exploration targets throughout the country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oil and gas potential of Turkey, iodine-rich water, petroleum hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry, groundwater contamination

Türkiye’nin İyotça Zengin Suları ve Kara Alanlarının Petrol ve Doğalgaz Potansiyeli

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin potansiyel petrol ve doğalgaz yatakları ile ilişkili iyotça zengin sularını belirlemek için yeni bir “ Petrol ve Doğalgaz Sahası Suyu Ayırma Grafiği ” geliştirilmiştir. Bu grafik yardımıyla ülke genelinde çok sayıda iyotça zengin su kaynağı bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’deki yüzey ve yeraltısularındaki iyot zenginleşmesinin sebebi, derinlerdeki petrol ve doğalgaz yataklarından jeolojik olaylar (tektonizma, volkanizma vb.) etkisiyle yüzeye ve yüzeye yakın bölümlere göç eden hidrokarbonlarca ve iyotça zengin rezervuar sularıdır. Bu göçün en önemli kanıtı, iyotça zengin suların aynı zamanda olgun petrol hidrokarbonlarınca da zengin olmalarıdır. Çünkü, hem iyotça hem de olgun petrol hidrokarbonlarınca zengin sular, petrol ve doğalgaz sahası sularıdır. Çalışmada, oldukça yüksek iyot içerikli çok sayıda su bulunması nedeniyle Batı ve Orta Anadolu bölgelerinin petrol ve doğalgaz potansiyelinin Güneydoğu Anadolu ve Trakya havzalarından daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla, birçok çalışmada öne sürülen görüşlerin aksine, bu çalışmada belirlenen iyotça zengin suların Batı ve Orta Anadolu bölgelerindeki özellikle çok sayıda diri fayın bulunduğu alanlarda yoğunlaşması, çeşitli jeolojik dönemlerde oluşmuş petrol ve doğalgaz yataklarının ülke genelinde genç jeodinamik olaylardan olumsuz etkilenmediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın diğer bir önemli sonucu da, aktif tektonik (dinamik olarak “hareketli”, “dengesiz”) ve jeolojik olarak karmaşık havzalar içeren Türkiye kara alanlarında yapılacak gelecek petrol ve doğalgaz aramaları için kaynak kaya hedefli organik kaya ve gaz jeokimyası yerine rezervuar hedefli organik hidrojeokimyasal yöntemlerin kullanılmasının daha uygun olduğunun belirlenmesidir. Çalışma ekinde verilen 76 ildeki 5189 adet su kaynağında, klasik petrol jeokimyası analizleri yapılarak bu su kaynaklarındaki iyot miktarlarının ve petrol hidrokarbonlarının jeokimyasal özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi, Türkiye kara alanlarının petrol ve doğalgaz potansiyelinin gerçek bir şekilde tanımlanmasını ve ülke genelinde yeni arama hedeflerinin belirlenmesini sağlayacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye’nin petrol ve doğalgaz potansiyeli, iyotça zengin sular, hidrojeokimya, yeraltısuyu kirliliği, petrol hidrojeolojisi, petrol arama

Kaynakça

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