Design and implementation of a Web-Based Remote laboratory for Embedded Systems Course Experiments

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 35 - 46, 30.06.2024

Jalal Miladi , Halil İbrahim Akyüz

https://doi.org/10.51764/smutgd.1499299

Öz

Multiple factors, such as natural disasters, wars, security instability, and the outbreak of serious diseases such as COVID-19, may cause the complete cessation of traditional face-to-face education. Universities have turned to distance learning in order to avoid the difficulty of students being on campus.
Teaching laboratory courses remotely is one of the most difficult challenges facing academic institutions when switching to distance education. Most of the available alternative solutions to the traditional laboratory are ineffective or difficult to implement and may cause a negative impact on student achievement.
This article presents the Web-based remote laboratory system as an alternative technical solution to the traditional laboratory for teaching programming experiments for Arduino boards. In this system, the student can conduct the experiment remotely on devices and equipment located in the university laboratory.
The remote laboratory system is multi-user, scalable, flexible and low cost. The system is implemented using low-cost hardware resources and free and open source software.
The system underwent user acceptance testing based on the Unified Theory of Technology Acceptance and Use approach. The results were encouraging, as participants in the system acceptance test showed a good acceptance rate of 70.75%, which confirms the effectiveness of the system and its ease of use.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Remote laboratory, Arduino, Students

Gömülü Sistemler Ders Deneyleri için Web Tabanlı Uzaktan Laboratuvar Tasarımı ve Gerçekleştirilmesi

Öz

Doğal afetler, savaşlar, güvenlikteki istikrarsızlıklar ve COVID-19 gibi ciddi hastalıkların ortaya çıkması gibi birçok faktör, geleneksel yüz yüze eğitimin tamamen sona ermesine neden olabilir. Üniversiteler, öğrencilerin kampüste zorlanmaması için uzaktan eğitime yöneldi.
Laboratuvar derslerini uzaktan öğretmek, akademik kurumların uzaktan eğitime geçişte karşılaştıkları en zor zorluklardan biridir. Geleneksel laboratuvara alternatif çözümlerin çoğu etkisizdir veya uygulanması zordur ve öğrenci başarısı üzerinde olumsuz etkiye neden olabilir.
Bu makale, Web tabanlı uzaktan laboratuvar sistemini, Arduino kartları için programlama deneylerini öğretmek için geleneksel laboratuvara alternatif bir teknik çözüm olarak sunmaktadır. Bu sistemde öğrenci, üniversite laboratuvarında bulunan cihaz ve ekipmanlar üzerinde uzaktan deney yapabilmektedir.
Uzak laboratuvar sistemi çok kullanıcılı, ölçeklenebilir, esnek ve düşük maliyetlidir. Sistem, düşük maliyetli donanım kaynakları ve ücretsiz ve açık kaynaklı yazılımlar kullanılarak uygulanmaktadır.
Sistem, Birleşik Teknoloji Kabul ve Kullanım Teorisi yaklaşımına dayalı olarak kullanıcı kabul testine tabi tutuldu. Sistem kabul testindeki katılımcılar %70,75'lik iyi bir kabul oranı gösterdiğinden sonuçlar cesaret vericiydi; bu da sistemin etkinliğini ve kullanım kolaylığını doğruluyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uzaktan laboratuvar, Arduino, Öğrencilerin Akademik Performansı

Kaynakça

• Al-Masri, Eyhab. (2018). Lab-as-a-Service (LaaS): A Middleware Approach for Internet-Accessible Laboratories. 1-5. 10.1109/FIE.2018.8658702.
• Altalbe, Ali. (2019). Performance Impact of Simulation-Based Virtual Laboratory on Engineering Students: A Case Study of Australia Virtual System. IEEE Access. 7. 1-1.10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2957726.
• Chen, Xuemin & Song, Gangbing & Zhang, Yongpeng. (2010). Virtual and Remote Laboratory Development: A Review. 10.1061/41096(366)368.
• Chowdhury, Harun & Alam, Firoz & Mustary, Israt. (2019). Development of an innovative technique for teaching and learning of laboratory experiments for engineering courses. Energy Procedia. 160. 806-811. 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.154.
• de Lima, João Paulo & Mellos Carlos, Lucas & Schardosim Simão, José & Pereira, Josiel & Mafra, Paulo & Silva, Juarez. (2016). Design and implementation of a remote lab for teaching programming and robotics. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 49. 10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.11.133.
• Evangelista, Ignacio & Farina, Juan & Pozzo, María & DOBBOLETTA, ELSA & Alves, Gustavo & Garcia-Zubia, Javier & Hernandez, Unai & Marchisio, Susana & Concari, Sonia & Gustavsson, Ingvar. (2017). Science education at high school: A VISIR remote lab implementation. 13-17. 10.1109/EXPAT.2017.7984378. et al., 2017).
• Farag, Wael. (2017). An Innovative Remote-Lab Framework for Educational Experimentation. International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE). 13. 68.10.3991/ijoe.v13i02.6609.
• Gustavsson, Ingvar & Zackrisson, Johan & Nilsson, Kristian & Garcia-Zubia, Javier & Håkansson, Lars & Claesson, I. & Lagö, Thomas. (2008). A Flexible Instructional Electronics Laboratory with Local and Remote Lab Workbenches in a Grid.
• Haiyan, Wang. (2015). Virtual Laboratory Construction of College Computer Hardware Course Group. The Open Automation and Control Systems Journal. 7. 1237-1242. 10.2174/1874444301507011237.
• Hardison, James & Delong, Kimberly & Bailey, Philip & Harward, Judson. (2008). Deploying interactive remote labs using the iLab Shared Architecture. S2A-1 . 10.1109/FIE.2008.4720536.
• Hofstein, Avi. (2017). The Role of Laboratory in Science Teaching and Learning. 10.1007/978-94-6300-749-8_26. Hossain, Mohammad. (2023). Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Methodologies for Information Systems Project Management. 10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i05.6223.).
• Jolles, Jolle. (2021). Broad-scale Applications of the Raspberry Pi : A Review and Guide for Biologists. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. 12. 1-18. 10.1111/2041-210X.13652.
• Karadimas, Dimitris & Kostas, Efstathiou. (2007). An Integrated Educational Platform Implementing Real, Remote Lab-Experiments for Electrical Engineering Courses. Journal of Computers. 2. 10.4304/jcp.2.2.3744.
• Kefalis, Chrysovalantis & Drigas, Athanasios. (2019). Web Based and Online Applications in STEM Education. 10.3991/ijep.v9i4.10691.
• Ko, C.C. & Chen, Ben & Chen, Jianping & Zhuang, YA & Tan, Kay. (2001). Development of a Web-Based Laboratory for Control Experiments on a Coupled Tank Apparatus. Education, IEEE Transactions on. 44. 76 - 86. 10.1109/13.912713.
• Kozič, Antoni & Macerauskas, Eugenijus & Sakalys, Paulius. (2016). Remote Laboratory As Conceptual Model Of Blended Learning. Society. Integration. Education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. 2. 549. 10.17770/sie2016vol2.1421.
• Kushwah, Ajay & Yadav, Rashmi & Chowdhury, Manojit & Harsha Nag, Ramineni & Carpenter, Gopal. (2023). Harnessing Innovation: Arduino and Raspberry Pi in Agricultural Engineering. 3. 2897-2901. 10.5281/zenodo.10141945.
• Lytvynova, Svitlana & Pinchuk, Olga. (2018). The Evolution of Teaching Methods of Students in Electronic Social Networks.
• Morris, Neil & Ivancheva, Mariya & Coop, Taryn & Jancic Mogliacci, Rada & Swinnerton, Bronwen. (2020). Negotiating growth of online education in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. 17. 10.1186/s41239-020-00227-w.
• Orduña, Pablo & Garcia-Zubia, Javier & Rodriguez-Gil, Luis & Angulo, Ignacio & Hernandez, Unai & Dziabenko, O. & López-de-Ipiña, Diego. (2018). The WebLab-Deusto Remote Laboratory Management System Architecture: Achieving Scalability, Interoperability, and Federation of Remote Experimentation. 10.1007/978-3-319-76935-6_2.
• Ozili, T.G. Arun, “Spillover of COVID- 19: Impact on the Global Economy”, SSRN Electronic Journal. Penumadu, Dayakar & Zhao, Rongda & Frost, J.. (2000). Virtual geotechnical laboratory experiments using a simulator. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics. 24. 439 - 451. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(20000425)24:5<439::AID-NAG74>3.0.CO;2-G.
• Raja, R. & Nagasubramani, P.(2018). Impact of modern technology in education. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research. 3. 33. 10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.165.
• Rossiter, J. & Pope, S. & Jones, B. & Hedengren, John. (2019). Evaluation and demonstration of take home laboratory kit.
• Silva, Juarez & Schardosim Simão, José & Cristiano, Marta & Cadorin Nicolete, Priscila & Heck, Carine & dos Santos Coelho, Karine. (2016). A DC electric panel remote lab. International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE). 12. 30. 10.3991/ijoe.v12i04.5096.
• Valentine, Doug. (2002). Distance Learning: Promises, Problems, and Possibilities. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration. 5.
• Venkatesh, Viswanath & Morris, Michael & Davis, Gordon & Davis, Fred. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View. MIS Quarterly. 27. 425-478. 10.2307/30036540.