Responses of interspecific hybrid eggplant f4 inbred lines to drought and heat stress

Öz

Eggplant is grown in and near the tropic and sub-tropic zones where climate change effects can be seen dramatically in agricultural production. As a vegetable, it is considered has tolerance to some abiotic stresses compared to others. However, significant reductions in yield and marketable fruit quality were observed under stress conditions that exceeded the tolerance level. Eggplant has wild relatives which are known as tolerant to stresses. As a part of the comprehensive project this research includes drought-tolerant line development from the F4 population obtained by interspecific crossing between Solanum incanum L., a wild relative of eggplant naturally distributed in the Sub-Saharan zone, and a pure line with superior characteristics developed in BATEM. Qualified 50 inbred lines were selected as drought tolerant among F3 progenies in previous studies. In this experiment, 12 plants from each 50 genotypes at F4 level were exposed to drought stress, which was created by 25% watering of full irrigation. On the 25th day of treatment, tolerant plants were distinguished by using 0-5 scale. From each genotype, 4 plants were selected as drought tolerant, and they were transferred to greenhouse to identify their heat tolerance. Among the drought-tolerant group 42 F4 lines were found as heat tolerant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abiotic stress
• Drought
• Eggplant
• Heat
• Tolerance

Kaynakça

1. Afful, N. T., Nyadanu, D., Akromah, R., Amoatey, H. M., Annor, C., & Diawouh, R. G. (2018). Evaluation of cross ability studies between selected eggplant accessions with wild relatives S. torvum, S. anguivi and S. aethiopicum (Shum group). Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPBCS2017.0695
2. Anonymous, https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data /(access date: 20.04.2023)
3. Ansari, S. F., Mehta, N., Ansari, S., & Gavel, J. P. (2011). Variability studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) in Chhattisgarh plains. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 2(2), 275-281.
4. Bouhajeb, R., Selmi, S., Nakbi, A., Jlassi, I., Montevecchi, G., Flamini, G., Zarrad, I., & Dabbou, S. (2020). Chemical composition analysis, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of eggplant leaves. Chemistr and Biodiversity, 17, e2000405. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000405
5. Daunay, M. C., & Pranab H. (2012). “Eggplant,” in Handbook of Vegetables, eds K. V. Peter and P. Hazra (Houston, TX: Studium Press), 257–322. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.141.1.34
6. Davidar, P., Snow, A. A., Rajkumar, M., Pasquet, R., Daunay, M. C., & Mutegi, E. (2015). The potential for crop to wild hybridization in eggplant (Solanum melongena; Solanaceae) in southern India. American Journal of Botany, 102(1), 129-139. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1400404
7. Faiz, H.; Ayyub, C.M.; Khan, R.W.; Ahmad, R. (2020). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seedling to heat stress. Journal of Agricultural Science, 57, 371–380 https://doi.org/10.21162/pakjas/20.9433
8. Fita, A., Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., Boscaiu, M., Prohens, J., & Vicente, O. (2015). Breeding and domesticating crops adapted to drought and salinity: a new paradigm for increasing food production. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00978

9. Gisbert, C., Prohens, J., & Nuez, F. (2011). Performance of eggplant grafted onto cultivated, wild, and hybrid materials of eggplant and tomato. International Journal of Plant Production, 5, 367–380. https://doi.org/10.22069/IJPP.2012.747
10. González-Orenga, S., Plazas, M., Ribera, E., Pallotti, C., Boscaiu, M., Prohens, J., ... & Fita, A. (2023). Transgressive Biochemical Response to Water Stress in Interspecific Eggplant Hybrids. Plants, 12(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010194
11. Gramazio, P., Prohens, J., Plazas, M., Mangino, G., Herraiz, F. J., & Vilanova, S. (2017). Development and genetic characterization of advanced backcross materials and an introgression line population of Solanum incanum in a S. melongena background. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1477. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01477
12. Gramazio, P., Prohens Tomás, J., Plazas Ávila, M. D. L. O., Mangino, G., Herraiz García, F. J., García-Fortea, E., & Vilanova Navarro, S. (2018). Genomic tools for the enhancement of vegetable crops: a case in eggplant. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 46(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha46110936
13. Gramazio, P., Yan, H., Hasing, T., Vilanova, S., Prohens, J., & Bombarely, A. (2019). Whole-genome resequencing of seven eggplant (Solanum melongena) and one wild relative (S. incanum) accessions provides new insights and breeding tools for eggplant enhancement. Frontiers in Plant Science, 1220. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01220
14. Hazra, P., Samsul, H.A., Sikder, D. & Peter, K.V. (2007). Breeding tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) resistant to high temperature stress. International Journal of Plant Breeding, 1, 31-40.
15. IPCC (2014). “Inter-governmental panel on climate change,” in Proceeding of the 5th Assessment Report, WGII, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Available at: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ [accessed on April 19, 2023].
16. Kaushik, P., Prohens, J., Vilanova, S., Gramazio, P., & Plazas, M. (2016). Phenotyping of eggplant wild relatives and interspecific hybrids with conventional and phenomics descriptors provides insight for their potential utilization in breeding. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 677. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00677
17. Kıran, S., Kuşvuran, Ş., Özkay, F., & Ellialtıoğlu, Ş.Ş. (2016). The Change of Some Morphological Parameters in Salt Tolerant and Salt Sensitive Genotypes under Drought Stress Condition. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University, 21(2):130-138.
18. Knapp, S., Vorontsova, M. S., & Prohens, J. (2013). Wild relatives of the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): new understanding of species names in a complex group. PloS One, 8(2), e57039. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057039
19. Kouassi, A. B., Kouassi, K. B. A., Sylla, Z., Plazas, M., Fonseka, R. M., Kouassi, A., ... & Prohens, J. (2021). Genetic parameters of drought tolerance for agromorphological traits in eggplant, wild relatives, and interspecific hybrids. Crop Science, 61(1), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20250
20. Krommydas, K., Mavromatis, A., Bletsos, F., & Roupakias, D. (2018). Suitability of CMS-based interspecific eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids as rootstocks for eggplant grafting. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 15(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAERI/2018/42320
21. Kuşvuran, Ş. (2012). Effects of drought and salt stresses on growth stomatal conductance leafwater and osmotic potentials of melon genotypes (Cucumis melo L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(5),775-781
22. Li, Y., Li, Z., & Luo, S., & Sun, B. (2011). Effects of heat stress on gene expression in eggplant (Solanum melongema L.) seedlings. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10, 18078–18084. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.2147
23. Liu, J., Zheng, Z., Zhou, X., Feng, C., & Zhuang, Y. (2015). Improving the resistance of eggplant (Solanum melongena) to Verticillium wilt using wild species Solanum linnaeanum. Euphytica, 201, 463–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1234-x
24. Nakanwagi, M., Sseremba, G., Masanza, M., & Kizito, E. (2018). Performance of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group accessions under repetitive drought stress. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 10(1), 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JPBCS2017.0690
25. Plazas, M., Vilanova, S., Gramazio, P., Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., Fita, A., Herraiz, F. J., & Prohens, J. (2016). Interspecific hybridization between eggplant and wild relatives from different genepools. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 141(1), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.141.1.34
26. Prohens, J., Whitaker, B. D., Plazas, M., Vilanova, S., Hurtado, M., Blasco, M., ... & Stommel, J. R. (2013). Genetic diversity in morphological characters and phenolic acids content resulting from an interspecific cross between eggplant, Solanum melongena, and its wild ancestor (S. incanum). Annals of Applied Biology, 162(2), 242-257. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12017
27. Prohens, J., Gramazio, P., Plazas, M., Dempewolf, H., Kilian, B., Diez, M. J., ... & Vilanova, S. (2017). Introgressiomics: a new approach for using crop wild relatives in breeding for adaptation to climate change. Euphytica, 213, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-1938-9
28. Rakha, M., Namisy, A., Chen, J. R., El-Mahrouk, M. E., Metwally, E., Taha, N., ... & Taher, D. (2020). Development of interspecific hybrids between a cultivated eggplant resistant to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and eggplant wild relatives for the development of rootstocks. Plants, 9(10), 1405. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9101405
29. Rotino, G. L., Sala, T., & Toppino, L. (2014). “Eggplant,” in Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants, Vol. 2, eds A. Pratap and J. Kumar (New York, NY:Springer), 381–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9572-7_16
30. Sabatino, L., Iapichino, G., D’Anna, F., Palazzolo, E., Mennella, G., & Rotino, G. L. (2018). Hybrids and allied species as potential rootstocks for eggplant: Effect of grafting on vigour, yield and overall fruit quality traits. Scientia Horticulturae, 228, 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.10.020
31. Santhiya, S., Saha, P., Tomar, B. S., Jaiswal, S., Chinnuswamy, V., Saha, N. D., & Ghoshal, C. (2019). Heat stress tolerance study in eggplant based on morphological and yield traits. Indian Journal of Horticulture.76(4): 691-700 https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2019.00113.0
32. Sseremba, G., Tongoona, P., Eleblu, J., Danquah, E. Y., & Kizito, E. B. (2018). Heritability of drought resistance in Solanum aethiopicum Shum group and combining ability of genotypes for drought tolerance and recovery. Scientia Horticulturae, 240, 213-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.06.028
33. Sharma, M., & Kaushnik, P. (2021). Biochemical composition of eggplant fruits: A review. Applied Science, 11, 7078. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11157078
34. Toppino, L., Valè, G., and Rotino, G. L. (2008). Inheritance of Fusarium wilt resistance introgressed from Solanum aethiopicum Gilo and Aculeatum groups into cultivated eggplant (S. melongena) and development of associated PCR-based markers. Molecular Breeding. 22, 237–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-008-9170-x
35. Vorontsova, M. S., & Knapp, S. (2016). A Revision of the" Spiny Solanums," Solanum Subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs, 1-432. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.66.8457
36. Wu, X., Zhang, S., Liu, X., Shang, J., Zhang, A., Zhu, Z., & Zha, D. (2020). Chalcone synthase (CHS) family members analysis from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and expression patterns in response to heat stress. PLoS One, 15(4), e0226537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226537