Araştırma Makalesi

Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq

Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 21 Aralık 2023
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Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq

Öz

Metal pollution in the soil leads to the deterioration of agricultural production by negatively affecting the all properties of the soil. Because the more than 7 million people living in and the old military camp was used as residence by poor families after the war of 2003, Baghdad city has a risk factor from metal pollution. With this aim, metal pollution in the soil of Baghdad city was studied. Three different sites (farm, camp, and park) were selected. Ten soil samples were taken randomly from 0-15 cm depth on each of the sites. Concentrations of metals [calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni)] of soil samples were measured using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Basic soil properties such as texture class and pH were measured on the disturbed samples. Concentrations increased Cr

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Al-Adari, A. (2020). Lectures in soil science. University of Baghdad.
  2. Al Obaidy, A. & Al Mashhadi, A. J. (2013). Heavy metal contaminations in urban soil within Baghdad City, Iraq. Journal of Environmental Protection, 4, 72–82. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.41008
  3. Alloway, B. J. (2012). Sources of heavy metals and metalloids in soils. In B. J. Alloway (Ed.), Heavy metals in soils: trace metals and metalloids in soils and their bioavailability (3rd ed., pp. 11–50). Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4470-7
  4. Blake, G. R. & Hardge, K. H. (1986). Bulk Density. In A. Klute. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods (1st ed. pp. 363–375). American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c13
  5. Brady, N. C. (1984). The Nature and Properties of Soils. New York, USA. Macmillan.
  6. Brady, J.P., Ayoko, G.A., Martens, W.N. & Goonetilleke, A. (2015). Development of a hybrid pollution index for heavy metals in marine and estuarine sediments. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187(5), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4563-x
  7. Bruand, A., Hartmann, C. & Lesturgez, G. (2005). Physical properties of tropical sandy soils: A large range of behaviours. In C. Braund, A. And Hartmann (Ed.), Management of Tropical Sandy Soils for Sustainable Agriculture, A holistic approach for sustainable development of problem soils, Thailand. (pp. 20–25).
  8. Brümmer, G. W., Gerth, J. & Herms, U. (1986). Heavy metal species, mobility and availability in soils. Zeitschrift Für Pflanzenernährung Und Bodenkunde, 149(4), 382–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.19861490404

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

21 Aralık 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Temmuz 2023

Kabul Tarihi

1 Ekim 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Karahan, G., & Alzuabidi, H. A. H. (2023). Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq. Soil Studies, 12(2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1408051
AMA
1.Karahan G, Alzuabidi HAH. Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq. SoilSt. 2023;12(2):77-91. doi:10.21657/soilst.1408051
Chicago
Karahan, Gülay, ve Hussain Ali Hussain Alzuabidi. 2023. “Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq”. Soil Studies 12 (2): 77-91. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1408051.
EndNote
Karahan G, Alzuabidi HAH (01 Aralık 2023) Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq. Soil Studies 12 2 77–91.
IEEE
[1]G. Karahan ve H. A. H. Alzuabidi, “Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq”, SoilSt, c. 12, sy 2, ss. 77–91, Ara. 2023, doi: 10.21657/soilst.1408051.
ISNAD
Karahan, Gülay - Alzuabidi, Hussain Ali Hussain. “Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq”. Soil Studies 12/2 (01 Aralık 2023): 77-91. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1408051.
JAMA
1.Karahan G, Alzuabidi HAH. Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq. SoilSt. 2023;12:77–91.
MLA
Karahan, Gülay, ve Hussain Ali Hussain Alzuabidi. “Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq”. Soil Studies, c. 12, sy 2, Aralık 2023, ss. 77-91, doi:10.21657/soilst.1408051.
Vancouver
1.Gülay Karahan, Hussain Ali Hussain Alzuabidi. Assessment of ecological risk potential in metal-contaminated soils of Baghdad city, Iraq. SoilSt. 01 Aralık 2023;12(2):77-91. doi:10.21657/soilst.1408051