Araştırma Makalesi
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Effects of conditioner applications on organic matter and nitrogen content in sandy and clay loam textured soils

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 82 - 92, 10.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839467

Öz

This study aimed to investigate the effects of polyacrylamide (PAM) and humic acid (HA), wheat straw (WS) and hazelnut husk (HH) application on wheat yield, soil organic matter and nitrogen content of sandy and clay loam texture under greenhouse conditions. The study was conducted according to the experimental design of the randomized complete block experimental design. Wheat straw and hazelnut husk were applied at 0%, 2% and 4% doses, polyacrylamide at 0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm and 90 ppm, and humic acid at 0 ppm, 200 ppm and 1000 ppm. After five months of incubation period, wheat plants were grown in pots. The study was completed in a total of 312 days along with the incubation period. It was determined that the treatments affected the organic matter and total nitrogen content. As a result of the applications, it was determined that the organic matter content was more affected in clay loam textured soil, but the nitrogen content and wheat yield were more affected in sandy loam textured soil. It has been determined that the application of synthetic conditioners together with plant residues is the most effective application in increasing organic matter and nitrogen content.

Kaynakça

  • Agglides, S.M., & London, P.A. (2000). Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource Technology, 3(71), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00074-7
  • Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., Olekhov, V., Mudrykh, N., Samafalova, İ., & Türkmen, F. (2014). Toprak organik karbonu: jeoistatistiksel bir yaklaşım. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 2 (1), 13-18.
  • Balik, J., Suran, P., Sedlář, O., Černý, J., Kulhánek, M., Procházková, S., Asrade, D. A., & Smatanová, M. (2023). The effect of long-term farmyard manure and mineral fertilizer application on the ıncrease in soil organic matter quality of cambisols. Agronomy, 13(12), 2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13122960
  • Bremner, J.M. (1965). Total nitrogen. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Number 9 in Series Agronomy. American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, 1149-1178. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c32
  • Coşkun, Z., Özdemir, N., & Öztürk, E. (2006). Aşınmış toprakta tütün atığı ve pam uygulamasının erozyona karşı duyarlılık ile azot ve fosfor yarayışlılığına etkileri. Anadolu Tarım bilimleri dergisi, 21(2), 218-224. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2006.21.2.218-224
  • Demir, Z., Gülser, C., Candemir, F. & İç, S. (2006). Organik düzenleyiciler olarak fındık zurufu ve tütün atıklarının toprağın bazı kimyasal özelliklerine etkileri. Türkiye 3. Organik Tarım Sempozyumu, 1-4 Kasım, 542-550, Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Merkezi, Yalova, Türkiye.
  • Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak fiziksel analiz yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi yayınları, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • De Neve, S., Van de Steene, J., Hartmann, R., & Hofman, G. (2000). Using time domain reflectometry for monitoring mineralization of nitrogen from soil organic matter. European journal of soil science, 51(2), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00306.x
  • Dengiz, O., Sağlam, M., & Türkmen, F. (2015). Effects of soil types and land use - land cover on soil organic carbon density at Madendere watershed. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.64398
  • Erdem, M., Özdemir, B., Oral, E., Altuner, F., & Ülker, M. (2020). The effect of alternative fertilizers on yield and yield components in some bread wheat (triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare) varieties. ISPEC journal of agricultural sciences, 4(3), 522–541. https://doi.org/10.46291/ISPECJASvol4iss3pp522-541
  • Hendershot, W. H., Lalande, H., & Duquette, M. (1993). Ion exchange and exchangeable cations. Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, 19, 167-176.
  • Iqbal, A., He, L., Khan, A., Wei, S., Akhtar, K., Ali, I., Ullah, S., Munsif, F., Zhao, Q., & Jiang, L. (2019). Organic manure coupled with ınorganic fertilizer: an approach for the sustainable production of rice by ımproving soil properties and nitrogen use efficiency. Agronomy, 9(10), 651. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9100651
  • Jangir, C. K., Kumar, S., & Meena, R. S. (2019). Significance of soil organic matter to soil quality and evaluation of sustainability. Sustainable agriculture. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur, 357-381.
  • Kacar, B. (1995). Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri. III. Toprak Analizleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları, Ankara. No: 3.
  • Lantz, A.M., Lal, R. & Kimble, J.M. (2002). Land-use effects on soil carbon pools in three major land resource areas of ohio. In: Kimble, J.M., Et Al., (Eds.), Agricultural practices and policies for carbon sequestration in soil. lewis publishers. Boca Raton, FL, Pp. 165-175.
  • Leaungvutivirog, C., Sunantapongsuk, V., Limtong, P., Nakapraves, P., & Piriyaprin, S. (2002). Effect oforganic fertilizers on soil improvements in MabBon, Tha yang, satuk, and renu series for corn cultivation in Thailand. 17th world congress of soil science, 14-21 August 2002, Thailand, Symposium No: 57, Paper No, 1899.
  • Liu, Q., Cui, H., Yang, W., Wang, F., Liao, H., Zhu, Q., Qin, S., & Lu, P. (2024). Soil conditioner improves soil properties, regulates microbial communities, and increases yield and quality of uncaria rhynchophylla. Scientific reports, 14(1), 13398. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64362-4
  • Madejon, E., López, R., Murillo, J. M., & Cabrera, F. (2001). Agricultural use of three (sugar-beet) vinasse composts: effect on crops and chemical properties of a cambisol soil in the guadalquivir river valley (SW Spain). Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 84(1), 55-65.
  • Özdemir, N., & Bülbül Desti, E. (2024). Arazi kullanım şekli ve bazı toprak özelliklerinin organik madde içeriğine etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 12(1), 20-26. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.1430693.
  • Özdemir, N., Gülser, C., Ekberli, İ., & Kop, Ö.T. (2014). Asit toprakta düzenleyici uygulamalarının bazı toprak özellikleri ve verime etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 2(1): 27-32.
  • Parton, W.J., Schimel, D.S., Ojima, D.S. & Cole, C.V. (1994). A general model for soil organic carbon dynamics: sensitivity to litter chemistry, texture and management. ın: bryant, r.b., (ed.), quantitative modeling of soil forming processes. Soil science society of america journal, Pp. 147-168. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub39.c9
  • Pedra, F., Polo, A., Ribeiro, A., & Domingues, H. (2007). Effects of municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge on mineralization of soil organic matter. Soil biology and biochemistry, 39(6), 1375-1382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.014
  • Saygın, F., Durmuş, M., Sarıoğlu, F.E., Dengiz, O. & Kızılkaya, R. (2012). Some physicchemical properties and catalase enzyme activity level of soils formed on two different parent material. Materials of International Scientific – Practical Conference “Rational use of Soil Resources and the Environment”. November 15-16, Book of Proceedings (ISBN 978-601-80286-0-1), 256-260, Almaty-Kazakhstan.
  • Schimel, D.S., Braswell, B.H., Holland, E.A., Mckeown, R., Ojima, D.S., Painter, T.H., Parton, W.J. & Townsend, A.R. (1994). Climatic, edaphic, and biotic controls over storage and turnover of carbon in soils. Global biogeochemical cycles, 8, 279-293. https://doi.org/10.1029/94GB00993
  • Sims, J.T. (2009). Soil test phosphorus: Principles and methods. Methods of phosphorus analysis for soils, sediments, residuals and waters, 2nd edn. Southern cooperative series bulletin, 408, 9-19. Soil Survey Manual, (2017). Soil science division staff united states department of agriculture handbook No. 18.
  • Tamer, N., Başalma, D., Türkmen, C., & Namlı, A. (2016). Organik toprak düzenleyicilerin toprak parametreleri ve ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) bitkisinin verim ve verim öğeleri üzerine etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 4(1), 11-20.
  • Tejada, M., Garcia, C., Gonzalez, J.L., & Hernandez, M.T. (2003). Organic amendment based on fresh and composted beet vinasse: Influence on soil properties and wheat yield. Soil science society of america journal 70, 900-908. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0271
  • Thenmozhi, S., Natarajan, S., & Selvakumari, G. (2004). Effect of humic acid on quality parameters of groundnut. Crop research hisar, 27(2-3), 210-213.
  • Wang, X., Li, M. H., Liu, S., & Liu, G. (2006). Fractal characteristics of soils under different land-use patterns in the arid and semiarid regions of the Tibetan Plateau, China. Geoderma, 134(1-2), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014
  • Yimer, F., Ledin, S., & Abdelkadir, A. (2006). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks as affected by topographic aspect and vegetation in The Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Geoderma, 135, 335-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.005
  • Zhang, X., Li, Z., Nie, X., Huang, M., Wang, D., Xiao, H., Liu, C., Peng, H., Jiang, J., & Zeng, G. (2019). The role of dissolved organic matter in soil organic carbon stability under water erosion. Ecological indicators, 102, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2019.03.038

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 82 - 92, 10.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839467

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Agglides, S.M., & London, P.A. (2000). Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource Technology, 3(71), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00074-7
  • Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., Olekhov, V., Mudrykh, N., Samafalova, İ., & Türkmen, F. (2014). Toprak organik karbonu: jeoistatistiksel bir yaklaşım. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 2 (1), 13-18.
  • Balik, J., Suran, P., Sedlář, O., Černý, J., Kulhánek, M., Procházková, S., Asrade, D. A., & Smatanová, M. (2023). The effect of long-term farmyard manure and mineral fertilizer application on the ıncrease in soil organic matter quality of cambisols. Agronomy, 13(12), 2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13122960
  • Bremner, J.M. (1965). Total nitrogen. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Number 9 in Series Agronomy. American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, 1149-1178. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c32
  • Coşkun, Z., Özdemir, N., & Öztürk, E. (2006). Aşınmış toprakta tütün atığı ve pam uygulamasının erozyona karşı duyarlılık ile azot ve fosfor yarayışlılığına etkileri. Anadolu Tarım bilimleri dergisi, 21(2), 218-224. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2006.21.2.218-224
  • Demir, Z., Gülser, C., Candemir, F. & İç, S. (2006). Organik düzenleyiciler olarak fındık zurufu ve tütün atıklarının toprağın bazı kimyasal özelliklerine etkileri. Türkiye 3. Organik Tarım Sempozyumu, 1-4 Kasım, 542-550, Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Araştırma Merkezi, Yalova, Türkiye.
  • Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak fiziksel analiz yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi yayınları, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • De Neve, S., Van de Steene, J., Hartmann, R., & Hofman, G. (2000). Using time domain reflectometry for monitoring mineralization of nitrogen from soil organic matter. European journal of soil science, 51(2), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00306.x
  • Dengiz, O., Sağlam, M., & Türkmen, F. (2015). Effects of soil types and land use - land cover on soil organic carbon density at Madendere watershed. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.18393/ejss.64398
  • Erdem, M., Özdemir, B., Oral, E., Altuner, F., & Ülker, M. (2020). The effect of alternative fertilizers on yield and yield components in some bread wheat (triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare) varieties. ISPEC journal of agricultural sciences, 4(3), 522–541. https://doi.org/10.46291/ISPECJASvol4iss3pp522-541
  • Hendershot, W. H., Lalande, H., & Duquette, M. (1993). Ion exchange and exchangeable cations. Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis, 19, 167-176.
  • Iqbal, A., He, L., Khan, A., Wei, S., Akhtar, K., Ali, I., Ullah, S., Munsif, F., Zhao, Q., & Jiang, L. (2019). Organic manure coupled with ınorganic fertilizer: an approach for the sustainable production of rice by ımproving soil properties and nitrogen use efficiency. Agronomy, 9(10), 651. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9100651
  • Jangir, C. K., Kumar, S., & Meena, R. S. (2019). Significance of soil organic matter to soil quality and evaluation of sustainability. Sustainable agriculture. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur, 357-381.
  • Kacar, B. (1995). Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri. III. Toprak Analizleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları, Ankara. No: 3.
  • Lantz, A.M., Lal, R. & Kimble, J.M. (2002). Land-use effects on soil carbon pools in three major land resource areas of ohio. In: Kimble, J.M., Et Al., (Eds.), Agricultural practices and policies for carbon sequestration in soil. lewis publishers. Boca Raton, FL, Pp. 165-175.
  • Leaungvutivirog, C., Sunantapongsuk, V., Limtong, P., Nakapraves, P., & Piriyaprin, S. (2002). Effect oforganic fertilizers on soil improvements in MabBon, Tha yang, satuk, and renu series for corn cultivation in Thailand. 17th world congress of soil science, 14-21 August 2002, Thailand, Symposium No: 57, Paper No, 1899.
  • Liu, Q., Cui, H., Yang, W., Wang, F., Liao, H., Zhu, Q., Qin, S., & Lu, P. (2024). Soil conditioner improves soil properties, regulates microbial communities, and increases yield and quality of uncaria rhynchophylla. Scientific reports, 14(1), 13398. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64362-4
  • Madejon, E., López, R., Murillo, J. M., & Cabrera, F. (2001). Agricultural use of three (sugar-beet) vinasse composts: effect on crops and chemical properties of a cambisol soil in the guadalquivir river valley (SW Spain). Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 84(1), 55-65.
  • Özdemir, N., & Bülbül Desti, E. (2024). Arazi kullanım şekli ve bazı toprak özelliklerinin organik madde içeriğine etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 12(1), 20-26. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.1430693.
  • Özdemir, N., Gülser, C., Ekberli, İ., & Kop, Ö.T. (2014). Asit toprakta düzenleyici uygulamalarının bazı toprak özellikleri ve verime etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 2(1): 27-32.
  • Parton, W.J., Schimel, D.S., Ojima, D.S. & Cole, C.V. (1994). A general model for soil organic carbon dynamics: sensitivity to litter chemistry, texture and management. ın: bryant, r.b., (ed.), quantitative modeling of soil forming processes. Soil science society of america journal, Pp. 147-168. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub39.c9
  • Pedra, F., Polo, A., Ribeiro, A., & Domingues, H. (2007). Effects of municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge on mineralization of soil organic matter. Soil biology and biochemistry, 39(6), 1375-1382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.014
  • Saygın, F., Durmuş, M., Sarıoğlu, F.E., Dengiz, O. & Kızılkaya, R. (2012). Some physicchemical properties and catalase enzyme activity level of soils formed on two different parent material. Materials of International Scientific – Practical Conference “Rational use of Soil Resources and the Environment”. November 15-16, Book of Proceedings (ISBN 978-601-80286-0-1), 256-260, Almaty-Kazakhstan.
  • Schimel, D.S., Braswell, B.H., Holland, E.A., Mckeown, R., Ojima, D.S., Painter, T.H., Parton, W.J. & Townsend, A.R. (1994). Climatic, edaphic, and biotic controls over storage and turnover of carbon in soils. Global biogeochemical cycles, 8, 279-293. https://doi.org/10.1029/94GB00993
  • Sims, J.T. (2009). Soil test phosphorus: Principles and methods. Methods of phosphorus analysis for soils, sediments, residuals and waters, 2nd edn. Southern cooperative series bulletin, 408, 9-19. Soil Survey Manual, (2017). Soil science division staff united states department of agriculture handbook No. 18.
  • Tamer, N., Başalma, D., Türkmen, C., & Namlı, A. (2016). Organik toprak düzenleyicilerin toprak parametreleri ve ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) bitkisinin verim ve verim öğeleri üzerine etkileri. Toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme dergisi, 4(1), 11-20.
  • Tejada, M., Garcia, C., Gonzalez, J.L., & Hernandez, M.T. (2003). Organic amendment based on fresh and composted beet vinasse: Influence on soil properties and wheat yield. Soil science society of america journal 70, 900-908. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0271
  • Thenmozhi, S., Natarajan, S., & Selvakumari, G. (2004). Effect of humic acid on quality parameters of groundnut. Crop research hisar, 27(2-3), 210-213.
  • Wang, X., Li, M. H., Liu, S., & Liu, G. (2006). Fractal characteristics of soils under different land-use patterns in the arid and semiarid regions of the Tibetan Plateau, China. Geoderma, 134(1-2), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.08.014
  • Yimer, F., Ledin, S., & Abdelkadir, A. (2006). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks as affected by topographic aspect and vegetation in The Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Geoderma, 135, 335-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.01.005
  • Zhang, X., Li, Z., Nie, X., Huang, M., Wang, D., Xiao, H., Liu, C., Peng, H., Jiang, J., & Zeng, G. (2019). The role of dissolved organic matter in soil organic carbon stability under water erosion. Ecological indicators, 102, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2019.03.038
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ömrüm Tebessüm Kop Durmuş 0000-0003-4761-7705

Nutullah Özdemir 0000-0003-2554-3485

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Aralık 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 21 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kop Durmuş, Ö. T., & Özdemir, N. (2025). Effects of conditioner applications on organic matter and nitrogen content in sandy and clay loam textured soils. Soil Studies, 14(2), 82-92. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1839467