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An Examination of Property Crime in Light of Left Realism's Theoretical Capacity

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 47, 115 - 130, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.59572/sosder.1467367

Öz

This article reviews property crime through the concept of left realism by focusing on the basic principles of left realists. This paper explores the influence of socio-economic and demographic factors on property crime within the framework of left realist theory, highlighting the complex dynamics between these elements and crime rates in England and Wales. It critiques the reliability of crime statistics, suggesting that they might exaggerate or fail to capture the true state of property crime and its relationship with unemployment. The analysis also considers unemployment as a source of relative deprivation, potentially exacerbating property crime and victimization in the absence of adequate opportunities and support systems. However, the paper acknowledges that other factors, such as effective policing, criminal justice measures, and social provisions, may also play significant roles. It further examines how demographic factors, particularly in socially marginalized and economically deprived areas, can contribute to higher rates of property crime and increase the number of victims. Left realism provides valuable insights into the underlying causes of property crime and its victimization, advocating for a comprehensive understanding that goes beyond conventional analyses to address the root conditions of environmental deprivation and their impact on vulnerable communities even though left realism has weaknesses.

Keywords: Left realism, property crime, unemployment

Kaynakça

  • Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhattacharya, S., & Sensarma, R. (2011). An analysis of the factors determining crime in England and Wales: A quantile regression approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1866812
  • Bowers, K. (1999). Exploring links between crime and disadvantage in north-west England: an analysis using geographical information systems. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 13(2), 159–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/136588199241409
  • Carrabine, E., Cox, A., Cox, P., Crowhurst, I., Ronco, A. D., Fussey, P., Turton, J. (2009). Criminology: A sociological introduction (2nd ed.). Routledge, Taylor et Francis Group.
  • Clegg, R. (2016). LFS: Ilo Unemployment Rate: England: All: %: SA. https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotinwork/unemployment/timeseries/ycnl/lms
  • Currie, E. (2010). Plain left realism: An appreciation, and some thoughts for the future. Crime, Law and Social Change, 54(2), 111–124. doi:10.1007/s10611-010-9248-3
  • Downes, D. (1983). Law and order: Theft of an issue. London: Fabian Society.
  • Flatley, J. (2016). Focus on Property Crime: Year Ending March 2016. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/bulletins/focusonpropertycrime/yearendingmarch2016
  • Gulma, U. L. (2022). A new geodemographic classification of the influence of Neighbourhood Characteristics on crime: The case of Leeds, UK. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 92, 101748. doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101748
  • Hall, S., & Winlow, S. (2015). Revitalizing Criminological Theory: Towards a new Ultra-Realism (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315813080
  • Hirschfield, A., & Bowers, K. J. (1997). THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOCIAL, DEMOGRAPHIC AND LAND USE PROFILER FOR AREAS OF HIGH CRIME. The British Journal of Criminology, 37(1), 103–120. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23637924
  • Hope, T. (2001). Crime victimisation and inequality in risk society. In R. Matthews & J. Pitts (Eds.), Crime, disorder, and community safety: A new agenda? (pp. 193-218). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203470992-9
  • Hopkins, K., (2012). GOV.U https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/278832/n ewly-sentenced-prisoners.pdf [Accessed 9 January 2017].
  • Lea, J. (2010). Left Realism, community and state-building, Crime Law & Social Change, 54, 141-158.
  • Lea, J. (2015). Jock Young and the Development of Left Realist Criminology. Critical Criminology 23, 165–177 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-015-9273-8
  • Lea, J. (2017). Revitalizing Criminological Theory: Towards a New Ultra-Realism. By Steve Hall and Simon Winlow (Routledge, 2015), The British Journal of Criminology. 57(5), 1272–1275, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azw004
  • Lea, J., & Young, J. (1984). What is to be done about law and order? Penguin Books.
  • Matsueda, R. L., Kreager, D. A., & Huizinga, D. (2006). Deterring Delinquents: A Rational Choice Model of Theft and Violence. American Sociological Review, 71(1), 95–122. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038977
  • Matthews, R. (2009). Beyond ‘so what?’ criminology. Theoretical Criminology, 13(3), 341–362. doi:10.1177/1362480609336497
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS), (2024a). LFS: ILO unemployment rate: England: All: %: SA https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotinwork/unemployment/timeseries/ycnl/lms
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS), (2024b). Crime in England and Wales: year ending September 2023 https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/bulletins/crimeinenglandandwales/yearendingseptember2023
  • Runciman, W.G., (1966). Relative Deprivation and Social Justice. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Tham, H. (2013). Law and order from below or from above? The challenge for criminologists. European Journal of Criminology. 10(4), 387-393. Doi: 10.1177/1477370812474533
  • Webber, C. (2007). Revaluating relative deprivation theory. Theoretical Criminology. 11(1), 97-120. DOI: 10.1177/1362480607072737
  • Young, J., (1986). The failure of criminology; the need for a radical realism. In: R. Matthews & J. Young, eds. Confronting Crime. London: Sage, pp. 4-31
  • Young, J., (1999). The Exclusive Society. London: Sage Publications.

Sol Realizmin Teorik Kapasitesi Işığında Mülkiyet Suçunun İncelenmesi

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 47, 115 - 130, 30.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.59572/sosder.1467367

Öz

Bu makale, sol gerçekçilerin temel ilkelerine odaklanarak mülkiyet suçunu sol gerçekçilik kavramı üzerinden incelemektedir. Bu makale, sol gerçekçi teori çerçevesinde sosyo-ekonomik ve demografik faktörlerin mülk suçu üzerindeki etkisini araştırıyor ve bu unsurlar ile İngiltere ve Galler'deki suç oranları arasındaki karmaşık dinamikleri vurguluyor. Suç istatistiklerinin güvenilirliğini eleştiriyor ve bu istatistiklerin mülkiyet suçlarının gerçek durumunu ve bunun işsizlikle ilişkisini abarttıklarını veya yakalamakta başarısız olduklarını öne sürüyor. Analiz aynı zamanda işsizliğin göreceli bir yoksunluk kaynağı olduğunu ve yeterli fırsatların ve destek sistemlerinin yokluğunda mülkiyet suçlarını ve mağduriyeti potansiyel olarak artırdığını düşünüyor. Ancak makale, etkili polislik, cezai adalet önlemleri ve sosyal hükümler gibi diğer faktörlerin de önemli rol oynayabileceğini kabul ediyor. Ayrıca demografik faktörlerin, özellikle de sosyal açıdan dışlanmış ve ekonomik açıdan yoksun bölgelerdeki mülk suçlarının daha yüksek oranlarına nasıl katkıda bulunabileceğini ve mağdur sayısını nasıl artırabileceğini inceliyor. Sol gerçekçiliğin zayıf yönleri olsa da, sol gerçekçilik, mülkiyet suçlarının ve mağduriyetinin altında yatan nedenlere dair değerli içgörüler sağlıyor; çevresel yoksunluğun temel koşullarını ve bunların savunmasız topluluklar üzerindeki etkisini ele almak için geleneksel analizlerin ötesine geçen kapsamlı bir anlayışı savunuyor.

Kaynakça

  • Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhattacharya, S., & Sensarma, R. (2011). An analysis of the factors determining crime in England and Wales: A quantile regression approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1866812
  • Bowers, K. (1999). Exploring links between crime and disadvantage in north-west England: an analysis using geographical information systems. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 13(2), 159–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/136588199241409
  • Carrabine, E., Cox, A., Cox, P., Crowhurst, I., Ronco, A. D., Fussey, P., Turton, J. (2009). Criminology: A sociological introduction (2nd ed.). Routledge, Taylor et Francis Group.
  • Clegg, R. (2016). LFS: Ilo Unemployment Rate: England: All: %: SA. https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotinwork/unemployment/timeseries/ycnl/lms
  • Currie, E. (2010). Plain left realism: An appreciation, and some thoughts for the future. Crime, Law and Social Change, 54(2), 111–124. doi:10.1007/s10611-010-9248-3
  • Downes, D. (1983). Law and order: Theft of an issue. London: Fabian Society.
  • Flatley, J. (2016). Focus on Property Crime: Year Ending March 2016. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/bulletins/focusonpropertycrime/yearendingmarch2016
  • Gulma, U. L. (2022). A new geodemographic classification of the influence of Neighbourhood Characteristics on crime: The case of Leeds, UK. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 92, 101748. doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101748
  • Hall, S., & Winlow, S. (2015). Revitalizing Criminological Theory: Towards a new Ultra-Realism (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315813080
  • Hirschfield, A., & Bowers, K. J. (1997). THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOCIAL, DEMOGRAPHIC AND LAND USE PROFILER FOR AREAS OF HIGH CRIME. The British Journal of Criminology, 37(1), 103–120. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23637924
  • Hope, T. (2001). Crime victimisation and inequality in risk society. In R. Matthews & J. Pitts (Eds.), Crime, disorder, and community safety: A new agenda? (pp. 193-218). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203470992-9
  • Hopkins, K., (2012). GOV.U https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/278832/n ewly-sentenced-prisoners.pdf [Accessed 9 January 2017].
  • Lea, J. (2010). Left Realism, community and state-building, Crime Law & Social Change, 54, 141-158.
  • Lea, J. (2015). Jock Young and the Development of Left Realist Criminology. Critical Criminology 23, 165–177 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-015-9273-8
  • Lea, J. (2017). Revitalizing Criminological Theory: Towards a New Ultra-Realism. By Steve Hall and Simon Winlow (Routledge, 2015), The British Journal of Criminology. 57(5), 1272–1275, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azw004
  • Lea, J., & Young, J. (1984). What is to be done about law and order? Penguin Books.
  • Matsueda, R. L., Kreager, D. A., & Huizinga, D. (2006). Deterring Delinquents: A Rational Choice Model of Theft and Violence. American Sociological Review, 71(1), 95–122. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038977
  • Matthews, R. (2009). Beyond ‘so what?’ criminology. Theoretical Criminology, 13(3), 341–362. doi:10.1177/1362480609336497
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS), (2024a). LFS: ILO unemployment rate: England: All: %: SA https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peoplenotinwork/unemployment/timeseries/ycnl/lms
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS), (2024b). Crime in England and Wales: year ending September 2023 https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/bulletins/crimeinenglandandwales/yearendingseptember2023
  • Runciman, W.G., (1966). Relative Deprivation and Social Justice. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Tham, H. (2013). Law and order from below or from above? The challenge for criminologists. European Journal of Criminology. 10(4), 387-393. Doi: 10.1177/1477370812474533
  • Webber, C. (2007). Revaluating relative deprivation theory. Theoretical Criminology. 11(1), 97-120. DOI: 10.1177/1362480607072737
  • Young, J., (1986). The failure of criminology; the need for a radical realism. In: R. Matthews & J. Young, eds. Confronting Crime. London: Sage, pp. 4-31
  • Young, J., (1999). The Exclusive Society. London: Sage Publications.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eşitsizlik Sosyolojisi, Hukuk Sosyolojisi, Sosyal Teori
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cem Özdemir 0000-0003-0515-0529

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 47

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir, C. (2024). An Examination of Property Crime in Light of Left Realism’s Theoretical Capacity. Sosyoloji Dergisi(47), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.59572/sosder.1467367

Sosyoloji Dergisi, Journal of Sociology, SD, JOS