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THE IMPORTANCE OF USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY ELDERLY IN TERMS OF INTERGENERATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL IMPACT

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47, 411 - 440, 02.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.556988

Öz

This article focuses on the use of technology in terms of intergenerational communication and social impact. The theoretical approaches affecting the use of technology in intergenerational communication have been examined and emphasized on the importance of social classes and groups' intergenerational communication. The effects of the use of technology on the elderly have been assessed within the context of social classes, groups, and generations. In addition to the rapidly evolving technology, the issue of ageism, which interferes with intergenerational communication, is also mentioned in this review article. In this article, the emphasis was put on the importance of formal and informal education on the use of technology in the strengthening of intergenerational communication, with the result that technology facilitates the daily work of the elderly and strengthens their social communication, thus contributing significantly to intergenerational communication. The Global Class Theory, which underlie human, emphasized that the classification of individuals should be based on human values and that the elderly individual may exist in all areas of these classes. Increasing the qualitative and quantitative studies to be done in this field due to the importance of technology acceptance and use and intergenerational communication on seniors will contribute to the literature. For future studies, qualitative and quantitative researches on the use of technology and the acceptance behaviors of the elderly are suggested in terms of intergenerational communication and social impact.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, V. L., & Newtson, D. L. (1968). Conformity, Anticonformity, and Independence. Technical Report, No. 88, 21pp., Madison: University of Wisconsin.
  • Arfaa, J., & Wang, Y. K. (2014). An Accessibility Evaluation of Social Media Websites for Elder Adults. In G. Meiselwitz (Ed.), Social Computing and Social Media, 6 th International Conference, SCSM 2014, Held as Part of HCI International, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22-27, Proceedings (pp. 13- 24). London: Routledge.
  • Argyle, M. (1994). The Psychology of Social Class, London: Routledge.
  • Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgment. In H. Guetzkow (Ed.), Groups, Leadership and Men (pp. 177-190). Pittsburg: Carnegie Press.
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Bushman, B. (2017). Social Psychology and Human Nature, Brief Version, USA: Cengage Learning.
  • Berg, P. v. d., Kemperman A., Kleijn, B. d., & Borgers, A. (2016). Ageing and loneliness: The role of mobility and the built environment. Travel Behaviour and Society, 5, 48–55.
  • Campbell, C. (2015). Making the middle class: schooling and social class formation. History of Education Review, 44 (1), 54-70. doi: 10.1108/HER-02-2014-0007.
  • Chen, Ke, & Chan, A. H. S. (2014). Gerontechnology acceptance by elderly Hong Kong Chinese: a senior technology acceptance model (STAM). Ergonomics, 57 (5), 635-652. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2014.895855.
  • Chua, P.-H., Jung, Y., Lwin, M. O., & Theng, Y.-L. (2013). Let’s play together: Effects of video-game play on intergenerational perceptions among youth and elderly participants. Computers in Human Behavior, 29 (6), 2303–2311.
  • Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A Study of Normative and İnformational Social Influences upon Individual Judgment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51 (3), 629- 636.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin. 95, 542-575.
  • Egolf, D. B. (2001). Forming Storming Norming Performing: Successful Communications in Groups and Teams, Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press.
  • Festinger, L. (1950). Theory and Experiment in Social Communication. Ann Arbor, MI Research Center for Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
  • Gass, R. H., & Seiter, J. S. (2014). Persuasion: Social Influence and Compliance Gaining. Routledge.
  • Gerard, H., & Miller, N. (1975). School Desegregation. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Giles, H., Coupland, N., & Coupland, J. (1991). Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence. In H. Giles, J. Coupland, & N. Coupland (Eds.), Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics (pp. 1-68). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Glasser, T. L., & Salmon, C. T. (1995). Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent. Guilford Press.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1992). Contextualization and understanding. In A. D. & C. Goodwin (Eds.,), Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon (pp. 229-252). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gumperz, J.J., Aulakh, G., & Kaltman, H. (1982). Thematic structure and progression in discourse. In J. J. Gumperz (Ed.,) Language and social identity (pp. 22-56). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hammerl, M., Dorner, F., Foscht, T., & Brandstätter, M. (2016). Attribution of symbolic brand meaning: the interplay of consumers, brands and reference groups. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 33 (1), 32-40. doi: 10.1108/ JCM-12-2014-1243.
  • Harwood, J., & Giles, H. (2005). Intergroup Communication: Multiple Perspectives, NY: Peter Lang Publishing Inc.
  • Heart, T., & Kalderon, E. (2013). Older adults: Are they ready to adopt health-related ICT? International Journal of Medical Informatics. 82 (11), 209–231. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.03.002.
  • Heider, F. (2012). The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations, Psychology Press.
  • Hjälm, A. (2012). Because we know our limits: Elderly parents' views on intergenerational proximity and intimacy. Journal of Aging Studies, 26, 296–308.
  • Hoffman, K. D., & Bateson, J. E. G. (2016). Services Marketing: Concepts, Strategies, & Cases, 5th Ed., Cengage Learning.
  • Hummert, M. L. (2010). Age group identities, stereotypes, and communication. In H. Giles, A. Reid, & J. Harwood (Eds.), The dynamics of intergroup communication (pp. 42-52). Lang, New York.
  • Kaspar, R. (2004). Technology and Loneliness in Old Age. Gerontechnology, 3 (1), 42-48.
  • Kraus MW, Piff PK, & Keltner D. (2009). Social class, the sense of control, and social explanation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 992-1004.
  • Kruglanski, A. W., & Stroebe, W. (2011). Handbook of The History of Social Psychology, Psychology Press.
  • Lamb, C., Hair, J. & Mcdaniel, C. (2009). Essentials of Marketing, Mason, OH: South- Western Cengage Learning.
  • Lantos, G. P. (2011). Consumer Behavior in Action: Real- Life Applications for Marketing Managers, M. E. Sharpe.
  • Levine, J. M. (2013). Group Processes, Psychology Press.
  • Olson, K.E., O’Brien, M.A., Rogers, W.A., & Charness, N. (2011). Diffusion of Technology: Frequency of Use for Younger and Older Adults. Ageing International, 36 (1), 123–145.
  • Paulus, P. B. (1989). Psychology of Group Influence, 2nd Ed., Psychology Press.
  • Rabbie, J. M. (1982). The effects of intergroup competition and cooperation on intragroup and intergroup relationships. In V. J. Derlega & J. Grzelak (Eds.), Cooperation and helping behavior: Theories and research (pp. 123-149). New York: Academic Press.
  • Radford, K. J. (1989). Individual and Small Group Decisions, New York: Springer Science, Business Media LLC.
  • Rosengren, K. E. (2000). Communication: An Introduction, Sage Publications, London.
  • Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful Aging. The Cerontologist, 37 (4), 433-440.
  • Ryan, E.B., Meredith, S.D., MacLean, M.J., & Orange, J.B. (1995). Changing the way we talk with elders: Promoting health using the Communication Enhancement Model. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 41, 89-107.
  • Schulz, H. M. (2015). Reference group influence in consumer role rehearsal narratives. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 18 (2), 210-229. doi: 10.1108/ QMR-02-Stutgart 2012-0009.
  • Siegel, C., & Dorner, T. E. (2017). Information technologies for active and assisted living—Influences to the quality of life of an ageing society. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 100, 32–45.
  • Simons, G. F. (2011). Euro Diversity, Routledge Taylor & Francis.
  • Solem, P. E. (2016). Ageism and age discrimination in working life. Nordic Psychology, 68 (3), 160-175. doi: 10.1080/19012276.2015.1095650.
  • Strydom, J. (2004). Introduction to Marketing, Juta And Co Ltd.
  • Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson- Hall.
  • Townsend, S. S. M., & Troung, M. (2017). Cultural models of self and social class disparities at organizational gateways and pathways. Current Opinion in Psychology, 18, 93-98.
  • Tsai, H-H, Tsai, Y-F, Wang, H-H, Chang, Y-C, & Chu, H. H. (2010) Videoconference program enhances social support, loneliness, and depressive status of elderly nursing home residents. Aging & Mental Health, 14 (8), 947-954. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2010.501057.
  • United Nations (2017). World Population Aging: Highlights. (24.11.2018), Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2017_Highlights.pdf.
  • Wang, L., Rau, P-L. P., & Salvendy, G. (2011). Older Adults' Acceptance of Information Technology, Educational Gerontology. 37 (12), 1081-1099. doi: 10.1080/03601277.2010.500588.
  • Wang, H.H., Wu, S.Z., & Liu, Y.Y. (2003). Association between social support and health outcomes: A metaanalysis. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 19, 345–351.

KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47, 411 - 440, 02.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.556988

Öz

Bu makalede kuşaklararası iletişim ve sosyal etki açısından teknoloji kullanımının önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Kuşaklararası iletişimde teknoloji kullanımını etkileyen teorik yaklaşımlar incelenmiş, sosyal sınıflar ve grupların kuşaklararası iletişimdeki önemi vurgulanmıştır. Teknoloji kullanımının yaşlılar üzerindeki etkileri sosyal sınıflar, gruplar ve kuşaklararası iletişim kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Makalede hızla gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte kuşaklararası iletişime engel oluşturan yaş ayrımcılığı konusuna da yer verilmiştir. Tüm bu değerlendirmeler ışığında teknolojinin yaşlı bireylerin günlük işlerini kolaylaştırdığı ve sosyal iletişimlerini güçlendirdiği, böylece kuşaklararası iletişime önemli düzeyde katkı sağladığı sonuçlarına varılarak, kuşaklararası iletişimin güçlendirilmesinde teknoloji kullanımına ilişkin örgün ve yaygın eğitimin önemi vurgulanmıştır. Temelinde insan olan Global Sınıflar Teorisi ile bireylerin sınıflandırmasının insani değerler üzerine yapılması gerektiği, yaşlı bireyin de bu sınıfların her alanında var olabileceği vurgulanmıştır. Gelecek çalışmalar için kuşaklararası iletişim ve sosyal etki açısından yaşlı bireylerin teknoloji kabul ve kullanım davranışlarına yönelik nitel ve nicel araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, V. L., & Newtson, D. L. (1968). Conformity, Anticonformity, and Independence. Technical Report, No. 88, 21pp., Madison: University of Wisconsin.
  • Arfaa, J., & Wang, Y. K. (2014). An Accessibility Evaluation of Social Media Websites for Elder Adults. In G. Meiselwitz (Ed.), Social Computing and Social Media, 6 th International Conference, SCSM 2014, Held as Part of HCI International, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22-27, Proceedings (pp. 13- 24). London: Routledge.
  • Argyle, M. (1994). The Psychology of Social Class, London: Routledge.
  • Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgment. In H. Guetzkow (Ed.), Groups, Leadership and Men (pp. 177-190). Pittsburg: Carnegie Press.
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Bushman, B. (2017). Social Psychology and Human Nature, Brief Version, USA: Cengage Learning.
  • Berg, P. v. d., Kemperman A., Kleijn, B. d., & Borgers, A. (2016). Ageing and loneliness: The role of mobility and the built environment. Travel Behaviour and Society, 5, 48–55.
  • Campbell, C. (2015). Making the middle class: schooling and social class formation. History of Education Review, 44 (1), 54-70. doi: 10.1108/HER-02-2014-0007.
  • Chen, Ke, & Chan, A. H. S. (2014). Gerontechnology acceptance by elderly Hong Kong Chinese: a senior technology acceptance model (STAM). Ergonomics, 57 (5), 635-652. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2014.895855.
  • Chua, P.-H., Jung, Y., Lwin, M. O., & Theng, Y.-L. (2013). Let’s play together: Effects of video-game play on intergenerational perceptions among youth and elderly participants. Computers in Human Behavior, 29 (6), 2303–2311.
  • Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A Study of Normative and İnformational Social Influences upon Individual Judgment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51 (3), 629- 636.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Bulletin. 95, 542-575.
  • Egolf, D. B. (2001). Forming Storming Norming Performing: Successful Communications in Groups and Teams, Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press.
  • Festinger, L. (1950). Theory and Experiment in Social Communication. Ann Arbor, MI Research Center for Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
  • Gass, R. H., & Seiter, J. S. (2014). Persuasion: Social Influence and Compliance Gaining. Routledge.
  • Gerard, H., & Miller, N. (1975). School Desegregation. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Giles, H., Coupland, N., & Coupland, J. (1991). Accommodation theory: Communication, context, and consequence. In H. Giles, J. Coupland, & N. Coupland (Eds.), Contexts of accommodation: Developments in applied sociolinguistics (pp. 1-68). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Glasser, T. L., & Salmon, C. T. (1995). Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent. Guilford Press.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1992). Contextualization and understanding. In A. D. & C. Goodwin (Eds.,), Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon (pp. 229-252). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gumperz, J.J., Aulakh, G., & Kaltman, H. (1982). Thematic structure and progression in discourse. In J. J. Gumperz (Ed.,) Language and social identity (pp. 22-56). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hammerl, M., Dorner, F., Foscht, T., & Brandstätter, M. (2016). Attribution of symbolic brand meaning: the interplay of consumers, brands and reference groups. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 33 (1), 32-40. doi: 10.1108/ JCM-12-2014-1243.
  • Harwood, J., & Giles, H. (2005). Intergroup Communication: Multiple Perspectives, NY: Peter Lang Publishing Inc.
  • Heart, T., & Kalderon, E. (2013). Older adults: Are they ready to adopt health-related ICT? International Journal of Medical Informatics. 82 (11), 209–231. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.03.002.
  • Heider, F. (2012). The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations, Psychology Press.
  • Hjälm, A. (2012). Because we know our limits: Elderly parents' views on intergenerational proximity and intimacy. Journal of Aging Studies, 26, 296–308.
  • Hoffman, K. D., & Bateson, J. E. G. (2016). Services Marketing: Concepts, Strategies, & Cases, 5th Ed., Cengage Learning.
  • Hummert, M. L. (2010). Age group identities, stereotypes, and communication. In H. Giles, A. Reid, & J. Harwood (Eds.), The dynamics of intergroup communication (pp. 42-52). Lang, New York.
  • Kaspar, R. (2004). Technology and Loneliness in Old Age. Gerontechnology, 3 (1), 42-48.
  • Kraus MW, Piff PK, & Keltner D. (2009). Social class, the sense of control, and social explanation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 992-1004.
  • Kruglanski, A. W., & Stroebe, W. (2011). Handbook of The History of Social Psychology, Psychology Press.
  • Lamb, C., Hair, J. & Mcdaniel, C. (2009). Essentials of Marketing, Mason, OH: South- Western Cengage Learning.
  • Lantos, G. P. (2011). Consumer Behavior in Action: Real- Life Applications for Marketing Managers, M. E. Sharpe.
  • Levine, J. M. (2013). Group Processes, Psychology Press.
  • Olson, K.E., O’Brien, M.A., Rogers, W.A., & Charness, N. (2011). Diffusion of Technology: Frequency of Use for Younger and Older Adults. Ageing International, 36 (1), 123–145.
  • Paulus, P. B. (1989). Psychology of Group Influence, 2nd Ed., Psychology Press.
  • Rabbie, J. M. (1982). The effects of intergroup competition and cooperation on intragroup and intergroup relationships. In V. J. Derlega & J. Grzelak (Eds.), Cooperation and helping behavior: Theories and research (pp. 123-149). New York: Academic Press.
  • Radford, K. J. (1989). Individual and Small Group Decisions, New York: Springer Science, Business Media LLC.
  • Rosengren, K. E. (2000). Communication: An Introduction, Sage Publications, London.
  • Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful Aging. The Cerontologist, 37 (4), 433-440.
  • Ryan, E.B., Meredith, S.D., MacLean, M.J., & Orange, J.B. (1995). Changing the way we talk with elders: Promoting health using the Communication Enhancement Model. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 41, 89-107.
  • Schulz, H. M. (2015). Reference group influence in consumer role rehearsal narratives. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 18 (2), 210-229. doi: 10.1108/ QMR-02-Stutgart 2012-0009.
  • Siegel, C., & Dorner, T. E. (2017). Information technologies for active and assisted living—Influences to the quality of life of an ageing society. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 100, 32–45.
  • Simons, G. F. (2011). Euro Diversity, Routledge Taylor & Francis.
  • Solem, P. E. (2016). Ageism and age discrimination in working life. Nordic Psychology, 68 (3), 160-175. doi: 10.1080/19012276.2015.1095650.
  • Strydom, J. (2004). Introduction to Marketing, Juta And Co Ltd.
  • Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson- Hall.
  • Townsend, S. S. M., & Troung, M. (2017). Cultural models of self and social class disparities at organizational gateways and pathways. Current Opinion in Psychology, 18, 93-98.
  • Tsai, H-H, Tsai, Y-F, Wang, H-H, Chang, Y-C, & Chu, H. H. (2010) Videoconference program enhances social support, loneliness, and depressive status of elderly nursing home residents. Aging & Mental Health, 14 (8), 947-954. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2010.501057.
  • United Nations (2017). World Population Aging: Highlights. (24.11.2018), Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2017_Highlights.pdf.
  • Wang, L., Rau, P-L. P., & Salvendy, G. (2011). Older Adults' Acceptance of Information Technology, Educational Gerontology. 37 (12), 1081-1099. doi: 10.1080/03601277.2010.500588.
  • Wang, H.H., Wu, S.Z., & Liu, Y.Y. (2003). Association between social support and health outcomes: A metaanalysis. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 19, 345–351.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Fahri Özsungur 0000-0001-6567-766X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47

Kaynak Göster

APA Özsungur, F. (2020). KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 20(47), 411-440. https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.556988
AMA Özsungur F. KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi. Ekim 2020;20(47):411-440. doi:10.21560/spcd.vi.556988
Chicago Özsungur, Fahri. “KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ”. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi 20, sy. 47 (Ekim 2020): 411-40. https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.556988.
EndNote Özsungur F (01 Ekim 2020) KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi 20 47 411–440.
IEEE F. Özsungur, “KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ”, Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 47, ss. 411–440, 2020, doi: 10.21560/spcd.vi.556988.
ISNAD Özsungur, Fahri. “KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ”. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi 20/47 (Ekim 2020), 411-440. https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.556988.
JAMA Özsungur F. KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;20:411–440.
MLA Özsungur, Fahri. “KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ”. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 47, 2020, ss. 411-40, doi:10.21560/spcd.vi.556988.
Vancouver Özsungur F. KUŞAKLAR ARASI İLETİŞİM VE SOSYAL ETKİ AÇISINDAN YAŞLILARIN TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMLARININ ÖNEMİ. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;20(47):411-40.