Exercise and Health in the Elderly: Effective Approaches and Outcomes

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 89 - 104, 23.10.2024

Abdullah Demirli , Sibel Yıldırım , Ömer Akyüz , Abdullah Bora Özkara

Öz

Considering the increase in the elderly population and the adverse effects of the aging process on the functional abilities of individuals, regular physical activity becomes mandatory to maintain the safety and health of individuals. This necessitates the acceptance of exercise and physical activity as an important strategy to prevent physical and cognitive decline associated with aging and to improve the quality of life of older individuals. In line with the extensive research we have conducted and the academic literature we have compiled, we have systematically presented the most important scientific findings in the field of exercise training for older adults. These findings address in detail the effects, methods and outcomes of physical activity and exercise training for the elderly, aiming to expand the existing body of knowledge in this field and strengthen the scientific basis of practices. As a result of scientific research and clinical studies, it has been clearly demonstrated that regular exercise and physical activity play a critical role in the prevention and management of insulin resistance and diabetes-related health problems. These studies emphasize the effects of exercise on improving glucose metabolism, increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome, scientifically supporting the therapeutic potential of physical activity to modify the pathogenesis of diabetes. The results revealed that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors are effective in increasing physical activity levels and that participatory exercise is recognized as an important strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of aging by supporting the maintenance of physiological parameters. These findings emphasize the potential of motivational factors and regular physical activity to minimize the biological and physiological effects of the aging process and scientifically support the role of exercise in the management of age-related health problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Exercise Training, Elderly, Functional Ability, Physical Activity

Yaşlılarda Egzersiz ve Sağlık: Etkili Yaklaşımlar ve Sonuçlar

Öz

Yaşlı nüfusun artışı ve yaşlanma sürecinin bireylerin fonksiyonel yetenekleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri göz önüne alındığında, bireylerin güvenliklerini ve sağlıklarını korumak amacıyla düzenli fiziksel aktivitelerin yapılması zorunlu hale gelmektedir. Bu durum, yaşlanma ile ilişkili fiziksel ve kognitif gerilemelerin önlenmesi ile yaşlı bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için egzersiz ve fiziksel aktivitenin önemli bir strateji olarak kabul edilmesini gerektirmektedir. Yapmış olduğumuz kapsamlı araştırmalar ve derlediğimiz akademik literatür doğrultusunda, yaşlı bireyler için egzersiz eğitimi alanında elde edilen en önemli bilimsel bulguları sistematik bir şekilde sunmuş bulunmaktayız. Bu bulgular, yaşlılar için fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz eğitiminin etkilerini, yöntemlerini ve sonuçlarını ayrıntılı olarak ele almakta, bu alandaki mevcut bilgi birikimini genişletmeyi ve uygulamaların bilimsel temellerini güçlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar ve klinik çalışmalar neticesinde, düzenli egzersiz ve fiziksel aktivitenin insülin direnci ve diyabet ile ilişkili sağlık sorunlarının önlenmesi ve yönetiminde kritik bir rol oynadığı açıkça ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmalar, egzersizin glikoz metabolizmasını iyileştirme, insülin duyarlılığını artırma ve metabolik sendrom riskini azaltma üzerindeki etkilerini vurgulamakta, bu bağlamda fiziksel aktivitenin diyabetin patogenezini modifiye edici ve tedavi edici potansiyelini bilimsel olarak desteklemektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hem içsel hem de dışsal motivasyon unsurlarının fiziksel aktivite seviyelerini artırmada etkili olduğunu ve katılımcı egzersizin, fizyolojik parametrelerin korunmasını destekleyerek yaşlanmanın olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmede önemli bir strateji olarak kabul edildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, motivasyonel faktörlerin ve düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin yaşlanma sürecinin biyolojik ve fizyolojik etkilerini minimize etme potansiyelini vurgulamakta, yaşlılıkla ilişkili sağlık sorunlarının yönetiminde egzersizin rolünü bilimsel olarak desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Egzersiz Eğitimi, Yaşlılık, Fonksiyonel Yetenek, Fiziksel Aktivite

Kaynakça

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