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TRAVMA BİLGİLİ KORUYUCU AİLE SİSTEMİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 84 - 98, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.61861/spshcd.1379735

Öz

ÖZ
İhmal, istismar, ergen gebelikleri ve artan afetler gibi nedenlerle korunma gereksinimi olan çocukların sayısı artmaya devam etmektedir. Yaşanılan travmatik deneyimlere bağlı olarak çocuklarda çoklu travmaların görülme sıklığı artmakta ve travmatik stres tepkilerinin normalleşmesi için fiziksel ve psikososyal açıdan güvenli ortamlarda bakımın önemi bilinmektedir. Her ülke sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel koşullarına uygun bakım modellerini geliştirmektedir. Ancak çocukların 18 yaşına kadar bedensel, zihinsel, ruhsal ve sosyal gelişimleri tamamlanmadığı için, ihtiyaçlarına duyarlı, birebir, sürekli ve tutarlı ilişkinin olduğu bakım modellerinde büyümeleri sağlanarak iyilik halleri korunmalı ve geliştirilmelidir. Bu nedenle yaklaşık 20 yıldır sosyal hizmet alanında travma bilgili yaklaşımlar kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Travma bilgili yaklaşım; travmanın yaygın etkisinin farkına varıldığı ve iyileşme yollarının anlaşıldığı, travma yaşayan çocuk, aile ve çalışanlarda travmanın belirti ve semptomlarının tanındığı, sistemin yeniden travmaya neden olmayan kanıta dayalı politikalar, prosedürler ve uygulamalarla şekillendirildiği hizmet sunumunu ifade etmektedir. Bilimsel çalışmalar koruyucu aile sisteminin travma bilgili bakımın ilkelerine uygun yapılandırılmasının çocukların üstün yararı açısından kabul gören bir yaklaşım olduğunu göstermektedir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma derlemedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bath, H. (2008). The three pillars of trauma-informed care, Reclaiming Children & Youth, 17(3), pp. 17–21.
  • Becker-Blease, K. (2017). As the world becomes trauma–informed, work to do, Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 18(2), pp. 131–8.
  • Bowden, C.F., Simmel, C., Mendez, A., Yu M., Neese-Todd, S., Crystal, S. (2022). The Complexity of Psychotropic Medication Prescription and Treating Trauma Among Youth in Foster Care: Perspectives from the Lived Experience. Adm Policy Ment Health, Sep;49(5):821-833. doi: 10.1007/s10488-022-01203-4.
  • Browne, K.D., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C.H., Johnson, R., Agathonos, H., Anaut, M., Herczog, M., Zeytinoglu, S. (2005). Mapping the number and characteristics of children under three in institutions across Europe at risk of harm (European Commission Daphne Programme in collaboration with the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe & The University of Birmingham). Birmingham, UK: University of Birmingham.
  • Chan, K. L., Chen, M., Lo, K. M. C., Chen, Q., Kelley, S. J., Ip, P. (2019). The effectiveness of interventions for grandparents raising grandchildren: A meta-analysis, Research on Social Work Practice, 29(6), pp. 607–17.
  • Collings, S., Conley, Wright, A., McLean, L. and Buratti, S. (2022). Trauma-informed family contact practice for children in Out-of-home Care, The British Journal of Social Work, 52(4), pp. 1837–58.
  • Cooley, M. E., Thompson, H. M., Wojciak, A. S. (2017). Risk, resilience, and complexity: Experiences of foster parents, Children and Youth Services Review, 76, 35–41.
  • Cooper, K., Sadowski, C., Townsend, R. (2023). You say one thing wrong, and your children are gone’ exploring trauma-ınformed practices in foster and kinship care, The British Journal of Social Work, Volume 53, Issue 6, September 2023, Pages 3055–3072.
  • Erol, N., Şimşek, Z., Oskay, A., Münir, K. (2017). Divergent Developmental Pathways of Children and Adolescent Reared in Long Term Residential Protective Care in Turkey. Child Maltreatment in Residential Care: History, Research, and Current Practice (Eds: Adrian V. Rus, Sheri R. Parris, Ecaterina Stativa). Springer International Publishing AG, Switzerland (p: 241-268).
  • Erol, N., Şimşek, Z. (2023). Türkiye’de Bebek ve Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı Politika ve Uygulamalarında Kritik Adımlar. Çocuk ve Gençler için Önleyici Müdahale Programları (Feyza Çorapçı, Aysun Doğan (Eds). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Ticaret Ltd.s:61-80.
  • Erol ,N., Şimşek, Z., İlçioğlu, Ekici, G., Rüzgar Efendi, G. (2019). ‘İstismar ve İhmal Açısından Koruma Altına Alınan Çocuklar’. Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali (Ed: Betül Ulukol) Punto Yayınları, İstanbul, p: 577-602.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. (2019). 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK.
  • Hanson, R. F. ve Lang, J. (2016). A critical look at trauma-informed care among agencies and systems serving maltreated youth and their families, Child Maltreatment, 21(2), pp. 95–100.
  • Harris, M. ve Fallot, R. D. (2001). Envisioning a trauma-informed service system: A vital paradigm shift, New Directions for Mental Health Services, 89, 3–22.
  • Hepper, P. (2015). Behavior during the prenatal period: Adaptive for development and survival. Child Development Perspectives, 9(1):38–43.
  • Huo, Y., Couzner, L, Windsor, T., Laver, K., Dissanayaka, N.N., Cations, M. (2023). Barriers and enablers for the implementation of trauma-informed care in healthcare settings: a systematic review. Implement Sci Commun, May 5;4(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s43058-023-00428-0.
  • Karataş, K. (2007). Türkiye'de çocuk koruma sistemi ve koruyucu aile uygulamalan üzerine bir değerlendirme. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 18(2),7-19.
  • Knight, C. (2015). Trauma-informed social work practice: Practice considerations and challenges, Clinical Social Work Journal, 43(1), pp. 25–37.
  • Koruyucu Aile Yönetmeliği. Resmî Gazete Tarihi: 14.12.2012 Resmî Gazete Sayısı: 28497. Lagercrantz, H. (2016). Infant brain development: Formation of the mind and the emergence of consciousness. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Levenson, J. (2017). Trauma-Informed Social Work Practice. Soc Work, Apr 1;62(2):105-113. doi: 10.1093/sw/swx001.
  • Levenson, J. (2020). Translating trauma-informed principles into social work practice, Social Work, 65(3), pp. 288–98.
  • Lin, C. H. (2014). Evaluating services for kinship care families: A systematic review, Children and Youth Services Review, 36, 32–41.
  • Lotty, M., Dunn-Galvin, A. and Bantry-White, E. (2020). Effectiveness of a trauma-informed care psychoeducational program for foster carers–Evaluation of the Fostering Connections program, Child Abuse & Neglect, 102, 104390.
  • Oswald, S. H., Heil, K., Goldbeck, L. (2010). History of maltreatment and mental health problems in foster children: A review of the literature. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 462–472. http://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsp114.
  • Price, J. M., Chamberlain, P., Landsverk, J., Reid, J. B., Leve, L., ve Laurent, H. (2008). Effects of a foster parent training intervention on placement changes of children in foster care. Child Maltreatment, 13, 64–75. http://doi.org/10.1177/1077559507310612
  • Price, J. M., Roesch, S., ve Burce, C.M. (2019). The effects of the KEEP foster parent training intervention on child externalizing and internalizing problems. Developmental Child Welfare, 1(1), 5-21. http://doi.org/10.1177/2516103218812092.
  • Purtle, J. (2020) .Systematic review of evaluations of trauma-informed organizational interventions that include staff trainings’, Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(4), pp. 725–40.
  • Schore, A.N. (2001). The effects of early relational trauma on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22, 201-269. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration-SAMHSA (2014). Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 57. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4801.
  • Spratt, T., Kennedy, M. (2021). Adverse childhood experiences: developments in trauma and resilience aware services’, The British Journal of Social Work, 51(3), pp. 999–1017.
  • Spittle, A.J., Treyvaud. K., Doyle. L.W., et al. (2009).Early emergence of behavior and social-emotional problems in very preterm infants. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(9):909–18.
  • Spitz, R. (1945). Hospitalism: An inquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early childhood. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1, 54-74.
  • Şimşek, Z. (2004). Massachusetts koruyucu aile sistemi deneyimleri, Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu. Kasım, Antalya.
  • Şimşek, Z. (2008). Massachusetts koruyucu aile ve evlat edinme sistemi deneyimleri. Erol, N. (Ed.), Koruyucu Aile, Evlat Edinme Hizmetleri ve Ruh Sağlığı. Prof. Dr. Mualla Öztürk Anısına Sempozyum Sunuları, Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Yayınları. Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Şimşek, Z., Erol, N., Oztop, D., Münir K. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of emotional and behavioral problems reported by teachers among institutionally reared children and adolescents in Turkish orphanages compared with community controls. Children and Youth Services Review, 29, 883-899. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.01.004.
  • Şimşek, Z., Erol, N., Öztop, D., Özer Özcan, O. (2008). Epidemiology of emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents reared in orphanages: A national comparative study. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19(3), 235-46.
  • Tezel, Z., Demirel, B., Kaya Şahin, Z. (2018). Ailelerin koruyucuaile olmaya karar vermelerinde etkili olan etmenler ile koruyucu aile olmanın anlam ve önemi. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 19(43), 15-36.
  • T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, Çocuk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2022). Kurumsal İstatistikler. https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/131765/kurumsal-istatistik-2022.pdf
  • The International Disaster Database (EM_DAT). (2023). Inventorying hazards & disasters worldwide since 1988. https://www.emdat.be/ (Erişim Tarihi: 01.10.2023).
  • Tizard, B., Hodges, J. (1978). The effect of early institutional rearing on the development of eight-year- old children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19, 99-118. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1978.tb00453.x Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Dünya Nüfus Günü, 2023. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dunya-Nufus-Gunu-2023-49688#:~:text=Bu%20%C3%BClkeyi%20%14%2C3%20ile,y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20%30%2C0%20oldu. (Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2023).
  • Üstüner, S., Erol, N., Şimşek, Z. (2005). Koruyucu aile bakımı altındaki çocukların davranış ve duygusal sorunları. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 12(3):130-140.
  • Wolff, P.H., Fesseha, G. (1998). The orphans of Eritrea: A Five-year follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 1231-1237.
  • World Health Organization. (2023). Children: improving survival and well-being. Erişim Linki: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/children-reducing-mortality. (Erişim tarihi: 10.10.2023).
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, World Bank Group. (2018). Nurturing care for early childhood development: a framework for helping children survive and thrive to transform health and human potential. Geneva: World Health Organization. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  • Vally, Z., Murray, L., Tomlinson, M., Cooper, P.J. (2015). The impact of dialogic book-sharing training on infant language and attention: a randomized controlled trial in a deprived South African community. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 56(8):865–73.
  • Vorria, P., Rutter, M., Pickles, A., Wolkind, S., Hobsbaum, A.A. (1998). Comparative study of Greek children in long term group care and in two-parent families: I. social, emotional, and behavioral differences. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36(4), 1633-644.
  • Yıldırımalp, S., Hız, Ö. (2020). Koruyucu ailelerin sorunları Denizli ili örneği. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2), 185-202.
  • Zeanah, C.H. (2000). Disturbances of attachment in young children adopted from Institutions. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 15, 215-220.
  • Zeanah, C. H. (2004). Bağlanma süreci ve kurumlarda yaşayan çocuklarda bağlanma bozuklukları. Prof. Dr. Mualla Öztürk Anısına XVII. Sempozyum Sunuları. Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Yayınları. Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.

Trauma-Informed Foster Care System

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 84 - 98, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.61861/spshcd.1379735

Öz

The number of children in need of protection continues to rise as a result of factors such as neglect, abuse, teen pregnancy, and disasters. Multiple traumas in children are becoming more common as a result of traumatic events, and the need of care in physically and psychosocially secure surroundings for the normalization of traumatic stress reactions is well documented. Each country develops care models appropriate to its socio-economic and cultural conditions. However, because children's physical, mental, spiritual, and social development does not end until they reach the age of 18, their well-being should be protected and improved by ensuring that they grow up in care models that are sensitive to their needs and that one-on-one continuous and consistent relationships are established. For this reason, trauma-informed approaches have been used in the field of social work for approximately 20 years. Trauma-informed care refers to the provision of services in which the widespread impact of trauma is recognized and ways of recovery are understood, the signs and symptoms of trauma in children, families, and employees who have experienced trauma are recognized, and the system is shaped with evidence-based policies, procedures, and practices that do not cause re-traumatization. According to scientific research, organizing the foster family system in line with trauma-informed care principles is an approved way for the best interests of children.

Kaynakça

  • Bath, H. (2008). The three pillars of trauma-informed care, Reclaiming Children & Youth, 17(3), pp. 17–21.
  • Becker-Blease, K. (2017). As the world becomes trauma–informed, work to do, Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 18(2), pp. 131–8.
  • Bowden, C.F., Simmel, C., Mendez, A., Yu M., Neese-Todd, S., Crystal, S. (2022). The Complexity of Psychotropic Medication Prescription and Treating Trauma Among Youth in Foster Care: Perspectives from the Lived Experience. Adm Policy Ment Health, Sep;49(5):821-833. doi: 10.1007/s10488-022-01203-4.
  • Browne, K.D., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C.H., Johnson, R., Agathonos, H., Anaut, M., Herczog, M., Zeytinoglu, S. (2005). Mapping the number and characteristics of children under three in institutions across Europe at risk of harm (European Commission Daphne Programme in collaboration with the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe & The University of Birmingham). Birmingham, UK: University of Birmingham.
  • Chan, K. L., Chen, M., Lo, K. M. C., Chen, Q., Kelley, S. J., Ip, P. (2019). The effectiveness of interventions for grandparents raising grandchildren: A meta-analysis, Research on Social Work Practice, 29(6), pp. 607–17.
  • Collings, S., Conley, Wright, A., McLean, L. and Buratti, S. (2022). Trauma-informed family contact practice for children in Out-of-home Care, The British Journal of Social Work, 52(4), pp. 1837–58.
  • Cooley, M. E., Thompson, H. M., Wojciak, A. S. (2017). Risk, resilience, and complexity: Experiences of foster parents, Children and Youth Services Review, 76, 35–41.
  • Cooper, K., Sadowski, C., Townsend, R. (2023). You say one thing wrong, and your children are gone’ exploring trauma-ınformed practices in foster and kinship care, The British Journal of Social Work, Volume 53, Issue 6, September 2023, Pages 3055–3072.
  • Erol, N., Şimşek, Z., Oskay, A., Münir, K. (2017). Divergent Developmental Pathways of Children and Adolescent Reared in Long Term Residential Protective Care in Turkey. Child Maltreatment in Residential Care: History, Research, and Current Practice (Eds: Adrian V. Rus, Sheri R. Parris, Ecaterina Stativa). Springer International Publishing AG, Switzerland (p: 241-268).
  • Erol, N., Şimşek, Z. (2023). Türkiye’de Bebek ve Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı Politika ve Uygulamalarında Kritik Adımlar. Çocuk ve Gençler için Önleyici Müdahale Programları (Feyza Çorapçı, Aysun Doğan (Eds). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Ticaret Ltd.s:61-80.
  • Erol ,N., Şimşek, Z., İlçioğlu, Ekici, G., Rüzgar Efendi, G. (2019). ‘İstismar ve İhmal Açısından Koruma Altına Alınan Çocuklar’. Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali (Ed: Betül Ulukol) Punto Yayınları, İstanbul, p: 577-602.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. (2019). 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK.
  • Hanson, R. F. ve Lang, J. (2016). A critical look at trauma-informed care among agencies and systems serving maltreated youth and their families, Child Maltreatment, 21(2), pp. 95–100.
  • Harris, M. ve Fallot, R. D. (2001). Envisioning a trauma-informed service system: A vital paradigm shift, New Directions for Mental Health Services, 89, 3–22.
  • Hepper, P. (2015). Behavior during the prenatal period: Adaptive for development and survival. Child Development Perspectives, 9(1):38–43.
  • Huo, Y., Couzner, L, Windsor, T., Laver, K., Dissanayaka, N.N., Cations, M. (2023). Barriers and enablers for the implementation of trauma-informed care in healthcare settings: a systematic review. Implement Sci Commun, May 5;4(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s43058-023-00428-0.
  • Karataş, K. (2007). Türkiye'de çocuk koruma sistemi ve koruyucu aile uygulamalan üzerine bir değerlendirme. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 18(2),7-19.
  • Knight, C. (2015). Trauma-informed social work practice: Practice considerations and challenges, Clinical Social Work Journal, 43(1), pp. 25–37.
  • Koruyucu Aile Yönetmeliği. Resmî Gazete Tarihi: 14.12.2012 Resmî Gazete Sayısı: 28497. Lagercrantz, H. (2016). Infant brain development: Formation of the mind and the emergence of consciousness. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Levenson, J. (2017). Trauma-Informed Social Work Practice. Soc Work, Apr 1;62(2):105-113. doi: 10.1093/sw/swx001.
  • Levenson, J. (2020). Translating trauma-informed principles into social work practice, Social Work, 65(3), pp. 288–98.
  • Lin, C. H. (2014). Evaluating services for kinship care families: A systematic review, Children and Youth Services Review, 36, 32–41.
  • Lotty, M., Dunn-Galvin, A. and Bantry-White, E. (2020). Effectiveness of a trauma-informed care psychoeducational program for foster carers–Evaluation of the Fostering Connections program, Child Abuse & Neglect, 102, 104390.
  • Oswald, S. H., Heil, K., Goldbeck, L. (2010). History of maltreatment and mental health problems in foster children: A review of the literature. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 462–472. http://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsp114.
  • Price, J. M., Chamberlain, P., Landsverk, J., Reid, J. B., Leve, L., ve Laurent, H. (2008). Effects of a foster parent training intervention on placement changes of children in foster care. Child Maltreatment, 13, 64–75. http://doi.org/10.1177/1077559507310612
  • Price, J. M., Roesch, S., ve Burce, C.M. (2019). The effects of the KEEP foster parent training intervention on child externalizing and internalizing problems. Developmental Child Welfare, 1(1), 5-21. http://doi.org/10.1177/2516103218812092.
  • Purtle, J. (2020) .Systematic review of evaluations of trauma-informed organizational interventions that include staff trainings’, Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(4), pp. 725–40.
  • Schore, A.N. (2001). The effects of early relational trauma on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22, 201-269. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration-SAMHSA (2014). Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 57. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13-4801.
  • Spratt, T., Kennedy, M. (2021). Adverse childhood experiences: developments in trauma and resilience aware services’, The British Journal of Social Work, 51(3), pp. 999–1017.
  • Spittle, A.J., Treyvaud. K., Doyle. L.W., et al. (2009).Early emergence of behavior and social-emotional problems in very preterm infants. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 48(9):909–18.
  • Spitz, R. (1945). Hospitalism: An inquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early childhood. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1, 54-74.
  • Şimşek, Z. (2004). Massachusetts koruyucu aile sistemi deneyimleri, Sosyal Hizmet Sempozyumu. Kasım, Antalya.
  • Şimşek, Z. (2008). Massachusetts koruyucu aile ve evlat edinme sistemi deneyimleri. Erol, N. (Ed.), Koruyucu Aile, Evlat Edinme Hizmetleri ve Ruh Sağlığı. Prof. Dr. Mualla Öztürk Anısına Sempozyum Sunuları, Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Yayınları. Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Şimşek, Z., Erol, N., Oztop, D., Münir K. (2007). Prevalence and predictors of emotional and behavioral problems reported by teachers among institutionally reared children and adolescents in Turkish orphanages compared with community controls. Children and Youth Services Review, 29, 883-899. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.01.004.
  • Şimşek, Z., Erol, N., Öztop, D., Özer Özcan, O. (2008). Epidemiology of emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents reared in orphanages: A national comparative study. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19(3), 235-46.
  • Tezel, Z., Demirel, B., Kaya Şahin, Z. (2018). Ailelerin koruyucuaile olmaya karar vermelerinde etkili olan etmenler ile koruyucu aile olmanın anlam ve önemi. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 19(43), 15-36.
  • T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı, Çocuk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2022). Kurumsal İstatistikler. https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/131765/kurumsal-istatistik-2022.pdf
  • The International Disaster Database (EM_DAT). (2023). Inventorying hazards & disasters worldwide since 1988. https://www.emdat.be/ (Erişim Tarihi: 01.10.2023).
  • Tizard, B., Hodges, J. (1978). The effect of early institutional rearing on the development of eight-year- old children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19, 99-118. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1978.tb00453.x Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Dünya Nüfus Günü, 2023. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dunya-Nufus-Gunu-2023-49688#:~:text=Bu%20%C3%BClkeyi%20%14%2C3%20ile,y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20%30%2C0%20oldu. (Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2023).
  • Üstüner, S., Erol, N., Şimşek, Z. (2005). Koruyucu aile bakımı altındaki çocukların davranış ve duygusal sorunları. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 12(3):130-140.
  • Wolff, P.H., Fesseha, G. (1998). The orphans of Eritrea: A Five-year follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 1231-1237.
  • World Health Organization. (2023). Children: improving survival and well-being. Erişim Linki: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/children-reducing-mortality. (Erişim tarihi: 10.10.2023).
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, World Bank Group. (2018). Nurturing care for early childhood development: a framework for helping children survive and thrive to transform health and human potential. Geneva: World Health Organization. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  • Vally, Z., Murray, L., Tomlinson, M., Cooper, P.J. (2015). The impact of dialogic book-sharing training on infant language and attention: a randomized controlled trial in a deprived South African community. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 56(8):865–73.
  • Vorria, P., Rutter, M., Pickles, A., Wolkind, S., Hobsbaum, A.A. (1998). Comparative study of Greek children in long term group care and in two-parent families: I. social, emotional, and behavioral differences. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36(4), 1633-644.
  • Yıldırımalp, S., Hız, Ö. (2020). Koruyucu ailelerin sorunları Denizli ili örneği. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2), 185-202.
  • Zeanah, C.H. (2000). Disturbances of attachment in young children adopted from Institutions. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 15, 215-220.
  • Zeanah, C. H. (2004). Bağlanma süreci ve kurumlarda yaşayan çocuklarda bağlanma bozuklukları. Prof. Dr. Mualla Öztürk Anısına XVII. Sempozyum Sunuları. Ankara Üniversitesi Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Yayınları. Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Danışmanlık, Refah ve Toplum Hizmetleri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Zeynep Şimşek 0000-0002-4572-7137

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şimşek, Z. (2024). TRAVMA BİLGİLİ KORUYUCU AİLE SİSTEMİ. Sosyal Politika Ve Sosyal Hizmet Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 84-98. https://doi.org/10.61861/spshcd.1379735