FARKLI ÜLKELERİN FUTBOL OYUNCULARININ SOMATOTİPLERİNİN VE VÜCUT KOMPOZİSYONLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 30 - 41, 31.12.2022

Bergün Meriç Bingül , Berat Menga , İsmail Eren Köse , Faik Emre Bayrak

https://doi.org/10.52272/srad.1207250

Cited By: 1

Öz

Amaç: Yapılan çalışmadaki amaç farklı ülkelerin U/17-U/19 grubu sporcularının vücut kompozisyon ve somatotiplerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada futbolcuların kütle, yaş, boy ve belirli antropometrik ölçümlerin Türk ve Kuzey Makedonyalı sporcular arasında olan farklılıkları araştırılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın denek grubu 2020-21 sezonunda Darıca Gençlerbirliği kulübü U/17 (kütle 62.2±7.6 kg, yaş 16.5±0.5yıl, boy 174.3±3.7 cm) ve U/19 (kütle 72.5±4.9 kg, yaş 18.3±0.4yıl, boy 179.2±5.4cm) grubundan olan 33 erkek ve Kuzey Makedonya Fk Shkendija kulübü U/17 grubu(kütle 70.5±8.4kg, yaş 16.4±0.5yıl, boy 175.6±6.3 cm) ile U/19 (kütle 72.3±6.2kg, yaş 17.9±0.9yıl, boy 175±6.3cm) grubundan olan 25 erkek sporcudan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada, Deri kıvrım (suprailiac, triceps, subscapula, calf, thigh), Çap ölçümleri (femur bikondiler, humerus bikondiler), ve Çevre ölçümleri (calf, biceps) alınarak somatotip Heat Carter metoduyla belirlenmiştir. Vücut kompozisyonları parametrelerinden de LBM, BFW, BFWP, FFM, BF, FFMI, NFFMI hesaplanmıştır. Ülkelerin karşılaştırılmaları, SPSS 24 programında, Mann Whitney U testiyle yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Türk U/17 futbolcularının somatotip değerleri (3.1,3.2,3.9), U/19 (3.1,2.4,5.2), U/17 K. Makedonya (1.8,4,2.6), U19 (2,4.2,2.3) olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: U/17 ve U/19 yaş grubundaki Türk futbolcuların, Kuzey Makedonya futbolcularına kıyasla istatistiksel düzeyde daha yüksek endomorfik değerlerde olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). U19 yaş grubunda vücut kompozisyonu açısından fark yokken, U17 yaş grubunda fark bulunmuştur(p<0.05).
Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, somatotip, vücut kompozisyonu

Anahtar Kelimeler

futbol, somatotip, vücut kompozisyonu, Soccer, somatotype, body composition

COMPARISON OF SOMATOTYPES AND BODY COMPOSITIONS OF SOCCER PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES

Öz

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare body composition, somatotypes in U/17-U/19 group athletes from two different countries. In the study, the differences in the mass, age, height and certain anthropometric measurements of football players between Turkish and North Macedonian athletes were investigated.
Method: The subject group of the study is Darıca Gençlerbirliği U/17-U/19(U/17, mass62.2±7.6kg, age16.5±0.5years, height 174.3±3.7cm), (U/19, mass72.5±4.9 kg, age18.3±0.4years, height179.2±5.4cm), North Macedonia Fk Shkendija (U/17, mass70.5±8.4kg, age16.4±0.5years, height175.6±6.3cm), (U/19, mass72.3±6.2kg, age17.9±0.9years, height175±6.3cm) consists of 25 male athletes on average in the 2020-21 season. In the study, body somatotype measurements, skinfold thicknesses(suprailiac,triceps,subscapula,calf,thigh), Diameter measurements(femur condyle, humerus condyle), Circumference measurements(calf, biceps) were taken. In the study, body compositions LBM, BFW, BFWP, FFM, BF, FFMI, NFFMI were calculated. The athlete values found were determined as Endomorph, Mesomorph and Ectomorph by Heat Carter method. The comparisons of the countries were calculated by Mann Whitney U test on SPSS 24 software with obtained data.
Findings: Somatotype values of Turkish U/17 players were found as(3.1,3.2,3.9), U/19(3.1,2.4,5.2), U/17 North Macedonia(1,8.4,2.6), U19(2,4.2,2.3).
Conclusion: It was determined that Turkish players in the U/17,U/19 group had statistically higher endomorphic values compared to North Macedonian players (p<0.05). There was also a significant difference in body compositions in the 17 age group (p<0.05).
Keywords: Soccer, somatotype, body composition

Anahtar Kelimeler

Soccer, somatotype, body composition

Kaynakça

• Apti, A. (2010). 10-18 Yaş Erkek Futbolcularda Somatotip ve Vücut Kompozisyonunun Aerobik Performans ve Yaşanan Sportif Yaralanmalar İle İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Fırat Tıp Dergisi, 15(3), 118-122.
• Aslan, C. S., Eyuboğlu, E., & Karakulak, İ. (2018). Profesyonel ve Amatör Futbolcuların Seçilmiş Vücut Kompozisyonu ve Motorik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, (5)1, 86-95.
• Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., & Krustrup, P. (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match‐play in the elite football player. J Sports Sci, 24(7), 665‐674.
• Carda, R. D., & Looney, M. A. (1994). Differences in physical characteristics in collegiate baseball players. A descriptive position by position analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 34(4), 370‐376.
• Carlson, B. R., Carter, J. E., Patterson, P., Petti, K., Orfanos, S. M., & Noffal, G. J. (1994). Physique and motor performance characteristics of US nationalrugby players. J Sports Sci, 12(4), 403‐412.
• Carter, J. E. L., & Heath, B. H. (1990). Somatotyping. Development and Applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (NY).
• Carter, J. E. L. (2003). The Heath–Carter anthropometric somatotype. Instruction manual. San Diego State University, San Diego, CA.
• Casaju´s, J. A. (2001). Seasonal variation in fitness variables in professional soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 41, 463–469.
• Chatterjee, A., Chatterjee, S., Banerjee, N., & Muk-herjee, S. (2021). Assessment of Somatotype in Individuals Involved in Soccer Playing At Dif-ferent Positions. YMER Digital, 20(12), 407–411. https://doi.org/10.37896/ymer20.12/37.
• Eston, R., & Reilly, T. (2019). Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual: Tests, Procedures and Data: Volume Two: Physiology; Routledge: 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN, UK.
• Fidelix, Y. L., Berria, J., Ferrari, E. P., Ortiz, J. G., Cetolin, T., & Petroski, E. L. (2014). Somatotype of competitive youth soccer players from Brazil. Journal of human kinetics, 42, 259.
• Foley, J. P., Bird, S. R., & White, J. A. (1989). Anthropometric comparison of cyclists from different events. BrJ Sports Med, 23(1), 30‐33.
• Fry, A. C., Ryan, A. J., Schwab, R. J., Powell, D. R., & Kraemer, W. J. (1991). Anthropometric characteristics as discriminators of body building success. J Sports Sci, 9(1), 23‐32.
• Gardasevic, J., Bjelica, D., & Vasiljevic, I. (2019). Morphological Characteristics and Body Composition of Elite Soccer Players in Montenegro. Int. J. Morphol, 37, 284–288.
• Gjonbalaj, M., Georgiev, G., & Bjelica, D. (2018). Differences in anthropometric characteristics, somatotype components, and functional abilities among young elite Kosovo soccer players based on team position. International Journal of Morphology, 36(1).
• Gualdi-Russo, E., & Zaccagni, L. (2001). Somatotype, role and performance in elite volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 41, 256-262.
• Handziska, E., Handziski, Z., Gjorgoski, I., & Dalip, M. (2015). The Relationship Between Somatotype And Stress Hormone Levels İn Young Soccer Players. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness, 3(10), 68-79.
• Hernández-Camacho, J. D., Fuentes-Lorca, E., & Moya-Amaya, H. (2017). Anthropometric characteristics, somatotype and dietary patterns in youth soccer players. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 10(4), 192-196.
• Igbokwe, N. U. (1991). Somatotypes of Nigerian power athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 31(3), 439‐441.
• Kastrati, A., Gashi, N., Georgiev, G., & Gontarev, S. (2022). Somatotype Characteristics of Elite Young Athletes from the Republic of Kosovo. Sport Mont, 20(2022), 3-8. doi: 10.26773/smj.221008.
• Kinet, J. H. (2010). A. Ball possession strategies in elite soccer according to the evolution of the match-score: The influence of situational variables, 25, 93–100.
• Lameira-de Oliveira, G., Gonçalves, P. S. de P., Perini-de Oliveira, T. A., Valentim-Silva, J. R., Roquet-ti-Fernandes, P., & Fernandes-Filho, J. (2018). Body composition and somatotype of athletes of Brazilian w5-a-side football team: Paralym-pic team rio 2016. Revista Facultad de Medi-cina, 66(1), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v66n1.61069.
• Markovic, G., & Bradic, A. (2008). Nogomet: Integralni kondicijski trening. GEA Sport, Zagreb.
• Mohr, M., Krustup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). Match Performance of High-Standard Soccer Players With Special Reference to Development With a 25 Second Walk of Fatigue. J Sports Sci, 21(7), 43-50.
• Moya-Amaya, H., Molina-Lopez, A., Berral-Aguilar, A. J., Rojano-Ortega, D., & Berral-de la Rosa, F. J. (2022). Somatotype Migration in Professional Soccer Players Over the Last Decades. International Journal of Morphology, 40(2), 327-333.
• Nalbant, Ö., & Kınık, A. M. (2018). Futbolcularda Farklı Düzlemlerde Yapılan Pliyometrik Antrenmanların Sürat ve Kuvvet Performansına Etkileri. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(1), 71-82. doi: 10.30655/besad.2018.6.
• Noh, J. W., Kim, J. H., & Kim, J. (2013). Somatotype analysis of Korean wrestling athletes compared with non-athletes for sports health sciences. Toxicol Environ Health Sci, 5, 163–168.
• Orhan, Ö., Sagir, M., & Zorba, E. (2013). Comparison of somatotype values of football players in two professional league football teams according to the positions. Collegium antropologicum, 37(2), 401-405.
• Perroni, F., Vetrano, M., Camolese, G., Guidetti, L., & Baldari, C. (2015). Anthropometric and somatotype characteristics of young soccer players: Differences among categories, subcategories, and playing position. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(8), 2097-2104.
• Rahmawati, N. T., Budiharjo, S., & Ashizawa, K. (2007). Somatotypes of young male athletes and non‐athlete students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Antropological Science, 115, 1‐7.
• Rampinini, E, Impellizzeri, F. M., Castagna, C., Coutts, A. J., & Wisløff, U. (2009). Technical performance during soccer matches of the Italian Serie A league: Effect of fatigue and competitive level. J Sci Med Sport, 12(1), 227‐233.
• Revan, S. (2003). Konya İli 1. Amatör Ligde Mücadele Eden Futbolcuların Oynadıkları Mevkilerine Göre Bazı Antropometrik ve Fizyolojik Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
• Rienza, E., Drust, B., Reilly, T., & Carter, J. E. (2000). Martin A. Investigation of anthropometric and work-rate profiles of elite South American international soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 40, 162-169.
• Saiti, B., Shukova-Stojmenovska, D., Zhivkoviq, V., Dalip, M., Ganiu, V., Telai, B., & Ademi, A. (2014). Correlation between components of the somatotype and motor skills of young soccer participant in the first league in Republic of Macedonia. Proceedings. Sport and Health, 1(1), 18-25.
• Sporiš, G., Dujić, I., Trajković, N., Milanovic, Z., & Madic, D. (2017). Relationship between morphological characteristics and match performance in junior soccer players. Int. J. Morphol, 35, 37.
• Strudwick, A., Reilly, T., & Doran, D. (2002). Anthropometric and Fitness Profıles of Elite Players in Two Football Codes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42(2), 239.
• Toriola, A. L., Salokun, S. O., & Mathur, D. N. (1985). Somatotype characteristics of male sprinters, basketball, soccer and field hockey players. Int J Sports Med, 6(6), 344‐346.
• Yaşar, B., Özder, A., Önal, S., Özdemir, A., Yavuz, C. M., Sağır, M., & Özer, B. K. (2019). Farklı Kategorilerdeki Futbolcuların Somatotip Analizi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(4), 143-157.