AMASYA'DA NON-MELANOM DERİ KANSERLERİNİN KLİNİK SEYRİ VE EPİDEMİYOLOJİSİ: 1.5 YILLIK TEK HEKİM DENEYİMİ

Öz

Non-melanom deri kanserleri (NMDK), özellikle ileri yaş grubunda sık görülen ve güneş maruziyetiyle yakından ilişkili maligniteler olup ülkemizde insidansı giderek artan önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu retrospektif çalışma ile bölgede tanı alan NMDK olgularının demografik ve klinik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi, elde edilen bulguların ulusal ve uluslararası literatürle karşılaştırılması ve böylece bölgeye özgü epidemiyolojik özelliklerin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Hastanemiz Dermatoloji polikliniğine Mart 2024–Kasım 2025 tarihleri arasında NMDK tanısı alan 70 hastanın geriye dönük klinik verileri incelenmiştir. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, tümör tipi, lezyon lokalizasyonu ve sayısı, klinik alt tip ve hasta beyanına göre lezyonun gelişim süresi, önceki deri kanseri öyküsü ve immünsüpresyon durumu değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 70 hastanın 49’u (%70) bazal hücreli karsinom (BCC), 19’u (%27,1) skuamöz hücreli karsinom (SCC) ve 2’si (%2,9) bazoskuamöz karsinom olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 72,8 olup olguların en sık 70–79 yaş aralığında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Cinsiyet dağılımı incelendiğinde erkek cinsiyetin baskın olduğu saptanmıştır. Lezyonların %82,8’inin baş-boyun bölgesinde yerleşim göstermesi dikkat çekici olup, en sık tutulum alanı yüzde (%61,4) ve özellikle burun bölgesinde yoğunlaşmıştır. BCC olgularında en yaygın klinik alt tip nodülo-ülseratif form iken, SCC olgularında hiperkeratotik ve erode/ülseratif nodüler alt tiplerin ön planda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hasta beyanına göre lezyon gelişim süresi 1–48 ay arasında değişmekte olup ortalama 9 ay, medyan 6 ay olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma popülasyonunda sadece 2 hastada immünsüpresyon varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Amasya bölgesinde melanom dışı deri kanserlerine ilişkin epidemiyolojik verileri ortaya koyan ilk araştırmadır ve elde edilen bulgular hem ulusal hem de uluslararası literatürle genel olarak uyumludur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bazal hücreli karsinom
• Bazoskuamöz hücreli karsinom
• Epidemiyoloji
• Non-melanom deri kanseri
• Skuamöz hücreli karsinom

CLINICAL COURSE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCERS IN AMASYA: A 1.5 YEAR SINGLE PHYSICIAN EXPERIENCE

Öz

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are malignancies that are common especially in the elderly population and are closely associated with sun exposure, and they represent an important public health problem with an increasing incidence in our country. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of NMSC cases diagnosed in the region and to compare the findings with the literature. The clinical data of 70 patients diagnosed with NMSC in the Dermatology outpatient clinic between March 2024 and November 2025 were reviewed. Age, sex, tumor type, lesion localization and number, clinical subtype, lesion development duration, history of previous skin cancer, and immunosuppression status were evaluated. Of the 70 patients, 49 (70%) were diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma, 19 (27.1%) with squamous cell carcinoma, and 2 (2.9%) with basosquamous carcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 72.8 years, and cases were most frequently observed in the 70–79 age group with male predominance. Most of the lesions were located in the head and neck region, and the most frequent site was the face, particularly the nose. The most common clinical subtype was the nodulo-ulcerative form in basal cell carcinoma, whereas hyperkeratotic and eroded/ulcerative nodular subtypes were predominant in squamous cell carcinoma. The mean lesion development duration was 9 months and the median was 6 months. Immunosuppression was detected in only 2 patients. This study is the first to present epidemiological data on NMSC in the Amasya region, and the findings are consistent with the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Basal cell carcinoma
• Basosquamous carcinoma
• Epidemiology
• Non-melanoma skin cancer
• Squamous cell carcinoma

Kaynakça

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